The World of Ancient Greece : A Daily Life Encyclopedia 1, 2

This book opens the world of the ancient Greeks to all readers through easily accessible entries on topics essential to understanding Greek high culture and daily life. The ancient Greeks provided the foundation for Western civilization. They made significant advances in science, mathematics, philosophy, literature, and government. While many readers might have heard of Plato and Aristotle, however, or be familiar with the classic works of Greek tragedy, most people know significantly less about daily life in the ancient Greek world. This encyclopedia opens the world of the ancient Greeks, spanning Greek history from the Bronze Age through Roman times, with an emphasis on the Classical and Hellenistic Eras. The encyclopedia provides roughly 270 easily accessible entries on topics essential to understanding everything from Greek high culture to daily life. These entries are grouped in topical sections on the arts, science and technology, politics and government, domestic life, and other subjects. Sidebars on particularly noteworthy people, places, and concepts provide related information, while primary documents allow readers to delve into the mindset and feelings of the ancient Greeks themselves. Extensive bibliographic references give curious readers direction for further research. Includes reference entries with objective, essential information about topics related to daily life in ancient Greece Offers sidebars with related, nuanced information that will interest readers in Greek history Cites works for further reading in entries Gives readers first-hand accounts of life in ancient Greece in primary source documents Cover About the pagination of this eBook Title Page Copyright Contents Preface Introduction Chronology Volume 1: Arts, 1 Introduction Dance Gold and Silver History Literature, Hellenistic Mosaics Music Painting, Pottery Painting, Walls/Panels Philosophy, Aristotle Philosophy, Cynics Philosophy, Epicureans Philosophy, Platonic Philosophy, Skeptics Philosophy, Stoics Poetry, Epic Poetry, Lyric Rhetoric Satyr Plays Sculpture, Archaic Sculpture, Hellenistic Sculpture/Freestanding Statuary, Classical Sculpture/Reliefs, Mounted Statuary, Classical Second Sophistic Movement Sophists Temple Architecture Theater, Comedy Theater, Tragedy Economics and Work Introduction Actors Agriculture Animal Husbandry Apothecaries/Pharmacology Banking Carpentry Cloth-Making Cost of Living Currency Debt Fishing Landownership Masonry Merchants and Markets Metal-Refining Metalworking Midwives and Wet Nurses Mining Orators and Speechwriters Piracy and Banditry Pottery-Making Retirement Slavery, Private Slavery, Public Social Revolution, Hellenistic Era Taxation Trade Travel Viticulture Weights and Measures Family and Gender Introduction Abandonment and Abortion Adoption Adultery Blended Families Burial Childbirth and Infancy Childhood and Youth Clans/Gene Daughters Death and Dying Divorce Extended Family Fathers Friendship and Love Grandparents Homosexuality Inheritance Marriage Men Mothers Mourning/Memorialization Play Sexuality Sons Weddings Women Fashion and Appearance Introduction Bathing/Baths Body, Attitudes toward Clothing, Classical Age, Females Clothing, Classical Age, Males Cosmetics Footwear Foreign Dress Hairstyles Headgear Hygiene Jewelry Food and Drink Introduction Bread Cheese and Other Dairy Products Condiments and Seasonings Cooking Dessert Drunkenness Famine and Food Supply Feasts and Banquets Fruits and Nuts Grains Hospitality Hunting and Wild Game Kitchens/Kitchen Utensils Legumes Meals Meat Nectar and Ambrosia Nutrition and Malnutrition Olives and Olive Oil Poisons and Toxic Foods Potions Poultry, Birds, and Eggs Seafood Soups and Stews Vegetables Vegetarianism Wine Volume 2: Housing and Community Introduction Acropolis Andron and Gynaikonitis Cemeteries Colonization Country Life Fortifications Furniture and Furnishings Health and Illness Household Religion Housing Architecture Infrastructure Marketplaces Palace Complexes, Bronze Age Plague/Epidemic Disease Public Buildings Resident Aliens, Immigrants, and Foreigners Urban Life Water Supply and Hydraulic Engineering Politics and Warfare Introduction Alexander the Great, Wars of Aristocracies Aristotle, Political Theory of Arms and Armor Assemblies Athenian Constitution Carthage, Wars with Cavalry Citizenship City-States Civil War Councils Democracies Diplomacy Ethnos Hoplite Soldiers Justice and Punishment Leagues/Alliances Monarchies Navies Peloponnesian War (431–404 BCE) Persian Wars (490–478 BCE) Phalanx Plato, Political Theory of Public Officials Siege Technology Spartan Constitution Tyrannies Warfare, Attitudes toward Recreation and Social Customs Introduction Athletics Boxing City Dionysia Class Structure and Status Entertainers, Popular Festivals Gymnasia/Palaestrae Horse Racing Leisure Activities Liturgies, Euergetism, and Welfare Olympic Games Panathenaia Panhellenic Games Prostitutes and Courtesans Racing Stadiums and Hippodromes Symposia Theaters Wrestling Religion and Beliefs Introduction Afterlife/Underworld Asylum Bacchic Worship Chthonic Spirits Creation Deification Eleusinian Mysteries Libations and Offerings Magic Myths and Heroes Olympian Gods Oracles Orphism Priests and Priestesses Prophecy and Divination Pythagoreans Sacrifices Temples, Shrines, and Sacred Groves Science and Technology Introduction Alphabet Artificial Power Astronomy Biology Botany Calendars Cosmology Education Engineering Experimentation and Research Exploration Geography Geometry Greek Language Groups Inscriptions Libraries and Literacy Linear A and Linear B Machines Mathematics and Numeracy Medicine Navigation “Paper”-Making Physics Ships/Shipbuilding Time-Reckoning Vehicles Zoology Primary Documents Aeschines on Foreign Negotiation and Domestic Mud-Slinging(343 BCE) Aristophanes on an Ideal State Run by Women (392 BCE) Aristotle on Familial Friendship (Fourth Century BCE) Diogenes Laertius on the Philosopher Hipparchia (Third Century CE) Euripides on Women’s Tragedy of Surviving War (415 BCE) Herodotus on Gelon’s Refusal to Join the Greek Alliance (481 BCE) Hesiod on the Values of Life (Eighth Century BCE) “Hippocrates” on Diagnosis and Observation of Illnesses (Late Fifth Century BCE) Homeric Hymn to Mother Earth (Date Unknown) Lysias on the Murder of an Adulterer (403 BCE) Menander on Love Troubles and Social Mores (Late Fourth Century BCE) The Old Oligarch on the Problems of Democracy(Later Fifth Century BCE) Pindar Celebrates a Wrestling Champion (c. 463 BCE) Plutarch on Father (Philip) and Son (Alexander) (Second Century CE) Poetry—Greek Poets on Love Poetry—Greek Poets on War Theocritus Describes Women at a Festival (Early Third Century BCE) Thucydides on the Corcyraean Revolution (427 BCE) Xenophon on the Roles of Wife and Husband (c. 362 BCE) Bibliography Index About the Author