The Upper Layers of Open Systems Interconnection : Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Interoperability of ADP Systems, The Hague, The Netherlands, 25–29 March 1985

Interoperability has been a requirement in NATO ever since the Alliance came into being - an obvious requirement when 16 independent Nations agree to allocate national resources for the achievement of a common goal: to maintain peace. With the appearance of data processing in the command and control pro­ cess of the armed forces, the requirement for interoperability expanded into the data processing field. Although problems of procedural and operational interoperability had been constantly resolved to some extent as they arose over the years, the introduction of data proces­ sing increased the problems of technical interoperability. The increase was partially due to the natural desire of nations to support their own national industries. But it was definetely also due to the lack of time and resources needed to solve the problems. During the mid- and late -1970s the International Standards Organisa­ tion (ISO) decided to develop a concept ("model") which would allow "systems" to intercommunicate. The famous ISO 7-layer model for Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) was born. The OSI model was adopted by NATO in 1983 as thi basis for standardization of data communications in NATO. The very successful (first) Symposium on Interoperability of ADP Sys­ tems, held in November 1982 at the SHAPE Technical Centre (STC), gave an exten~ive overview of the work carried out on the lower layers of the model and revealed some intriguing ideas about the upper layers. The first Symposium accurately reflected the state-of-the-art at that point in time. Front Matter....Pages i-viii Front Matter....Pages 1-1 NATO Policy and Transition Strategy for the Military Application of the ISO/CCITT Reference Model and Its Associated Standards for Open Systems Interconnection....Pages 3-9 European Initiatives on Standards....Pages 11-19 Front Matter....Pages 21-21 The Role of the Network Layer....Pages 23-30 X.25, Internetworking and Military Enhancements....Pages 31-48 U.S. Military Requirements for Transport Protocol Operating in an NATO Environment....Pages 49-58 Portable ISONET....Pages 59-66 Front Matter....Pages 67-67 Distributed Databases, Interoperability and ACE ACCIS....Pages 69-85 Front Matter....Pages 87-87 Packet Radio....Pages 87-87 Front Matter....Pages 89-89 Standards Update What Happens Next?....Pages 91-99 Front Matter....Pages 101-101 Status of ISO Protocols in the Presentation and Application Layers....Pages 103-109 The Management of Communications-Based Systems and Current Work in OSI Management....Pages 111-124 Message Handling in the Norwegian Defence Digital Network (NDDN)....Pages 125-151 Front Matter....Pages 153-153 Computer Networking, Internetworking, and Security....Pages 155-167 Security Problems in Distributed Systems....Pages 169-194 Secure Communications Processor Research....Pages 195-200 Testing NATO Network and Transport Protocols....Pages 201-207 Front Matter....Pages 209-209 The Teletex Service Development in the Federal Republic of Germany and in the International Arena....Pages 211-231 Open Systems Interconnections With Bull (Strategy and Products)....Pages 233-240 Networking Standards at DIGITAL....Pages 241-245 Back Matter....Pages 247-251 Interoperability has been a requirement in NATO ever since the Alliance came into being - an obvious requirement when 16 independent Nations agree to allocate national resources for the achievement of a common goal: to maintain peace. With the appearance of data processing in the command and control proƯ cess of the armed forces, the requirement for interoperability expanded into the data processing field. Although problems of procedural and operational interoperability had been constantly resolved to some extent as they arose over the years, the introduction of data procesƯ sing increased the problems of technical interoperability. The increase was partially due to the natural desire of nations to support their own national industries. But it was definetely also due to the lack of time and resources needed to solve the problems. During the mid- and late -1970s the International Standards OrganisaƯ tion (ISO) decided to develop a concept ("model") which would allow "systems" to intercommunicate. The famous ISO 7-layer model for Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) was born. The OSI model was adopted by NATO in 1983 as thi basis for standardization of data communications in NATO. The very successful (first) Symposium on Interoperability of ADP SysƯ tems, held in November 1982 at the SHAPE Technical Centre (STC), gave an exten~ive overview of the work carried out on the lower layers of the model and revealed some intriguing ideas about the upper layers. The first Symposium accurately reflected the state-of-the-art at that point in time Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Interoperability of ADP Systems, The Hague, The Netherlands, March 25-29, 1985