The Tibeto-Burman Reproductive System: Toward an Etymological Thesaurus (University of California Publications in Linguistics)

This pioneering book is the prototype of the etymological thesaurus that has been the goal of the Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus project (STEDT) since 1987. It presents nearly 170 Proto-Tibeto-Burman etymologies in the semantic area of the reproductive system, along with discussions of possible Chinese cognates. Special attention is paid to patterns of semantic associations between the reproductive system and other areas of the lexicon. Acknowledgments......Page 17 Symbols and Abbreviations......Page 19 The place of this volume in the STEDT project......Page 23 Semantic diagrams......Page 25 Reconstructed PTB etyma......Page 28 Subgroup names......Page 29 Language names......Page 33 Supporting forms in the individual languages......Page 34 Source abbreviations......Page 35 Theoretical issues......Page 36 Regularity and variation......Page 37 Etymological accuracy and rectification of possible errors......Page 40 Looking toward the future of ST/TB studies......Page 42 (1) *pwu EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT......Page 45 (1a) *wu EGG / BIRD......Page 46 (1b) *pu EGG......Page 50 Chinese comparandum......Page 51 (1c) *pu BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT......Page 52 (2a) *d(w)əy EGG / TESTICLE......Page 54 Chinese comparandum......Page 58 (2b) *dil ⪤ *dul EGG / TESTICLE......Page 59 Chinese comparanda......Page 61 (4) *dz(y)u EGG......Page 63 (5) *rum ⪤ *lum EGG......Page 64 Chinese comparandum......Page 65 (7) *s/r-go-ŋ EGG / TESTICLE......Page 66 (8) *s-ŋa EGG / HATCH......Page 68 (10) *krak ⪤ *kwak EGG / TESTICLE......Page 69 (11a) *gop ⪤ *kop HATCH / INCUBATE / COVER......Page 70 (11b) *ʔup COVER / INCUBATE / HATCH......Page 72 (12) *pwum EGG / SIT ON EGGS / HATCH / TESTICLE......Page 74 (13) *pay HATCH......Page 75 (14) *s-mu HATCH / BROOD ON EGGS......Page 76 (17) *du BROOD / INCUBATE (eggs)......Page 77 (20) *s-row EGG / NIT......Page 78 (21) *braŋ BORN / BIRTH......Page 81 (22) *hu BORN / BIRTH / REAR......Page 82 (23) *ʔ-bu ⪤ *pu BORN / BIRTH / BUD / BLOOM......Page 84 (24) *s-kya-y BORN / GIVE BIRTH......Page 86 (26) *mun GIVE BIRTH / CONCEIVE / CREATE......Page 88 (28) *g-sow REAR (child) / BEAR (child)......Page 89 (29) *naŋ GIVE BIRTH......Page 90 (31) *wat GIVE BIRTH......Page 91 (34) *sut GIVE BIRTH......Page 92 (37) *m/s-ŋa-y CHILD / BIRTH / SMALL......Page 93 Chinese comparandum......Page 94 (38) *kruŋ LIVE / BORN / GREEN / SPROUT......Page 95 (39) *s-riŋ ⪤ *s-r(y)aŋ LIVE / ALIVE / GREEN / RAW / GIVE BIRTH......Page 96 Chinese comparandum......Page 99 (40) *m/s-la(ː)y ⪤ *s-tay NAVEL......Page 101 (40a) *m/s-la(ː)y NAVEL / CENTER / SELF......Page 102 (40b) *s-tay NAVEL / ABDOMEN / CENTER / SELF......Page 105 Chinese comparanda......Page 108 (41) *kyak NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD / ROPE......Page 109 Chinese comparanda......Page 112 (42) *du NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD......Page 113 (43) *ni(n) NAVEL......Page 115 (44a) *t/duŋ NAVEL......Page 116 Chinese comparandum......Page 117 (45) *(t)sum NAVEL......Page 118 (48) *koy NAVEL......Page 119 (50) *bi STRING / STRAP / BELT......Page 120 (52) *s-rwəy OICC / CORD / STRING / CANE / RATTAN......Page 121 (53) *s-nəw(-) BREAST / MILK / SUCK......Page 125 (53a) *s-nəw BREAST / MILK / SUCK......Page 126 (53b) *s-nəwt/n BREAST / MILK / SUCK......Page 132 (53c) *s-nəwk/ŋ BREAST / MILK......Page 133 (54) *s-nye-n BREAST / MILK / SUCK......Page 134 (55) *m-dzup ⪤ *m-dzip SUCK / SUCKLE / MILK / KISS......Page 136 (55a) *m-dzup SUCK / SUCKLE / MILK / KISS......Page 137 Chinese comparandum......Page 142 (55b) *m-dzip SUCK / KISS......Page 143 (56) *dz(y)əw MILK / BREAST......Page 146 (57) *pa BREAST / NIPPLE / MILK......Page 148 (58) *m-pup ⪤ *pip SUCK / KISS......Page 149 (58a) *m-pup KISS / SUCK......Page 150 (58b) *pip SUCK / SUCKLE......Page 151 (60) *mam BREAST......Page 152 (61) *s(y)ok BREAST / SUCK / DRINK......Page 153 Chinese comparanda......Page 155 (63) *wa SUCKLE / MILK / BREAST......Page 156 (64) *kom BREAST / MILK......Page 157 (65) *b(y)at BREAST / CHEST......Page 158 (67) *s-lu MILK......Page 159 (68) IA *du-t MILK / BREAST......Page 160 (69) *N/s-tuŋ DRINK / SUCKLE......Page 161 (71) *bruŋ SUCK......Page 165 (72) *m-ʔum ⪤ *mum KISS / HOLD IN THE MOUTH......Page 166 Chinese comparandum......Page 167 (74) *pi ⪤ *bi ROUNDED PART / NIPPLE / FOREHEAD / SHOULDER......Page 168 (75) *prat ⪤ *brat BREAK / WEAN......Page 170 Chinese comparanda......Page 171 Vagina......Page 173 (76) *s-tu ⪤ *tsu VAGINA......Page 174 (77a) *dzyuk ⪤ *tsyuk VULVA......Page 177 (77b) *tsyuk MOUTH / LIP......Page 178 (78) *tsiŋ ⪤ *tsik VAGINA......Page 179 (79) *siŋ ⪤ *sik MOUTH / LIP......Page 180 (80) *tsyin VAGINA / CLITORIS / MOUTH / LIP......Page 181 (81) *b(y)at VAGINA......Page 182 Chinese comparandum......Page 184 (83) *tsya VAGINA / COPULATE......Page 185 (84) *li-n VAGINA......Page 186 (86) *mo VAGINA......Page 187 (87) *tsyum VAGINA / COPULATE......Page 188 (90) *tsaŋ CLITORIS......Page 189 (91) *s-ti ⪤ *m-ti CLITORIS / VAGINA / NIPPLE......Page 190 (93) *guŋ ⪤ *kuŋ HOLE / ORIFICE / ROUNDED PART......Page 191 Chinese comparanda......Page 194 (94) *kwar ⪤ *kor CONCAVITY / HOLE / EAR / VAGINA......Page 195 (95) *rik PUBIC HAIR......Page 198 (96) *s-b-rum WOMB / PLACENTA......Page 199 (97) *s-lam WOMB / PLACENTA......Page 200 (98) *pwam WOMB / PLACENTA / NEST / BELLY......Page 201 (98b) *pam WOMB / PLACENTA / NEST......Page 202 (98c) *pwam BELLY......Page 203 (99) *ba(ː)y ⪤ *pa(ː)y WOMB / PLACENTA / PREGNANT......Page 205 (100) *m/l-ŋal WOMB / PLACENTA......Page 206 (101) *tsat WOMB / PLACENTA / NEST......Page 207 (102) *r-bu ⪤ *pru NEST / WOMB / PLACENTA......Page 208 (103) *tsaŋ NEST / WOMB / PLACENTA......Page 210 (104) *r-ku ⪤ *kru NEST / UTERUS / AMNIOTIC SAC......Page 211 (105) *tsyul ⪤ *tsywal WOMB / PLACENTA / UMBILICAL CORD......Page 212 (106) *toŋ NEST / WOMB......Page 213 (107) *(t)sip ⪤ *(t)sup NEST / WOMB / SCROTUM......Page 214 (108) *kwəy NEST / WOMB / PLACENTA......Page 215 (109) *k-yaŋ PLACENTA / NEST......Page 217 (111) *s-nut ⪤ *s-not MOUTH / VESSEL / WOMB......Page 218 (112) *k-yim ⪤ *k-yum HOUSE / WOMB......Page 220 (113) *bu CHILD......Page 221 Chinese comparandum......Page 222 Penis......Page 223 (114) *m-ley ⪤ *m-li ⪤ *m-ney PENIS......Page 225 (114a) *m-ley ⪤ *m-li PENIS......Page 226 (114b) *m-ney PENIS......Page 229 (115) *N-yaŋ PENIS / TESTICLE / STINGER (of bee)......Page 231 (116a) *k-tu-k PENIS......Page 233 (116b) *tsu PENIS......Page 234 (117) *ti-k PENIS......Page 235 (118) *dzi PENIS......Page 236 (119) *m-be PENIS......Page 237 (121) *pok SCROTUM......Page 238 (123) *maːk PENIS / MALE / SON-IN-LAW; GENITALS / VAGINA......Page 239 Chinese comparandum......Page 240 (124) *s-nyak ⪤ *s-nik PENIS / COPULATE......Page 241 (125) *b/m-laŋ PENIS / MALE / HUSBAND......Page 242 Chinese comparandum......Page 243 Chinese comparanda......Page 244 (128) *səw-t TESTICLES / PENIS / VIRILITY / SEMEN......Page 245 (129) *r-lik TESTICLE / EGG / PENIS......Page 246 (130) *sen TESTICLE / EGG......Page 247 (132) *s-mu SEED / TESTICLE / ROUND OBJECT......Page 248 (133) *dzəy SEED / TESTICLE / ROUND OBJECT......Page 249 (134) *ka BALL / TESTICLE / EGG......Page 250 (136) *ʔip ⪤ *ʔiːt BAG / SCROTUM......Page 251 (137) *la MALE......Page 252 (138) *m-tun ⪤ *m-dun FOREPART / FORESKIN......Page 253 (139) *tsyaŋ TESTICLE......Page 254 (140) *ŋ-(w)aːy COPULATE / MAKE LOVE / LOVE / GENTLE......Page 255 Chinese comparandum......Page 257 (141) *r-ga ⪤ *N-ga ⪤ *d-ga ⪤ *s-ga COPULATE / LOVE / WANT......Page 258 (142) *m-dza-k LOVE......Page 259 (143) *krik ⪤ *kriŋ LOVE / COPULATE......Page 260 (144) *ləw-k COPULATE......Page 261 (145) *duk ⪤ *tu LOVE / DESIRE / WANT......Page 262 (146) *yo COPULATE......Page 263 Chinese comparandum......Page 264 (149) *m-bak ⪤ *m-baŋ COPULATE / LOVE / WOMB......Page 265 (151) *l(y)ap ⪤ *l(y)am ⪤ *rap COPULATE / LOVE / GET TOGETHER......Page 266 (152) *(t)si COPULATE / LOVE......Page 267 (154) *la COPULATE / LOVE......Page 268 (156) *ʔin ⪤ *ʔit LOVE......Page 269 (157) *ra ⪤ *wa SEMEN......Page 271 (158) *ŋya SEMEN......Page 272 (161) *tsyu WATER / BODY FLUID......Page 273 (162) *m-t(w)əy ⪤ *m-ti WATER / FLUID / LIQUID / SOAK......Page 274 Chinese comparanda......Page 278 (164) *rəy WATER / LIQUID......Page 280 (165) *laŋ WATER / FLUID / RIVER / VALLEY......Page 282 Appendix: Source Abbreviations......Page 285 References......Page 293 Index of Chinese Comparanda by Pīnyīn......Page 303