The Theory and Practice of Zen Buddhism: A Festschrift in Honor of Steven Heine (Chinese Culture Book 6)

This book brings together an impressive group of scholars to critically engage with a wide-ranging and broad perspective on the historical and contemporary phenomenon of Zen. The structure of the work is organized to reflect the root and branches of Zen, with the root referring to important episodes in Chan/Zen history within the Asian context, and the branches referring to more recent development in the West. In collating what has transpired in the last several decades of Chan/Zen scholarship, the collection recognizes and honors the scholarly accomplishments and influences of Steven Heine, arguably the most important Zen scholar in the past three decades. As it looks back at the intellectual horizons that this towering figure in Zen/Chan studies has pioneered and developed, it seeks to build on the grounds that were broken and subsequently established by Heine, thereby engendering new works within this enormously important religio-cultural scholarly tradition. This curated Festschrift is a tribute, both retrospective and prospective, acknowledging the foundational work that Heine has forged, and generates research that is both complementary and highly original. This academic ritual of assembling a liber amicorum is based on the presumption that sterling scholarship should be honored by conscientious scholarship. In the festive spirit of a Festschrift, this anthology consists of the resounding voices of Heine and his colleagues. It is an indispensable collection for students and scholars interested in Japanese religion and Chinese culture, and for those researching Zen Buddhist history and philosophy. Contents 6 Editors and Contributors 8 1 “Introduction: A Valedictory and an Inaugural” 10 Zen Roots 25 2 Searching for the Historical Bodhidharma in Goblet Words 26 1 Introduction 27 2 The Bodhidharma/Huìkě Encounter: Structure and Evolution 29 2.1 Records of the Monasteries of Luòyáng 29 2.2 Biographies of Eminent Monks, Continued 30 2.3 Records of the Dharma–Jewel through the Ages 30 2.4 Records of the Transmission of the Lamp, Compiled in the Jĭngdé Period 31 3 Confucius and Yán Huí in the Zhuāngzǐ 33 3.1 Dialogue on Sitting with No–Mind.29 34 3.2 Dialogue on Fasting the Mind 35 3.3 Dialogue on Losing Oneself 36 3.4 Dialogue on Dreaming and Waking 37 3.5 Dialogues on Amputees 38 4 Goblet Words and Early–Chán Hagiography 39 3 Chan and the Routinazation of Charisma in Chinese Buddhism 48 1 Introduction 48 2 Weber’s Theoretical Model 49 3 Foundation of a Tradition 50 4 Plethora of Approaches and Perspectives 53 5 Critique of Narrow Conceptions of Orthodoxy and Orthopraxy 56 6 Evolving Institutions and Networks of Patronage 58 7 Singular Approach and Narrowing of Vision 61 8 Changing Role and Image of the Chan Master 63 4 Rhetoric in the Platform Sūtra and the Development of “Encounter Dialogue” in Chinese Zen 71 1 Introduction1 71 2 Encounter Dialogue and Kōan in Chinese Zen 73 3 Encounter Dialogue and Verbal Sparring in the Early Platform Sūtra 76 4 Other Early Encounter Dialogue 82 5 Encounter dialogue in later versions of the Platform Sūtra 84 6 Conclusion 88 5 Silence and Eloquence: How Dōgen’s Dharma Match With Vimalakīrti Might Have Turned Out 96 1 I 96 2 II 97 3 III 100 4 IV 102 6 Dōgen’s Vision of the Environment and His Practice of Devotion and Faith 107 1 Introduction 107 2 The Sound of Streams as Buddha’s Voice 107 3 Other Stories of Awakening Amid Landscapes 110 4 The Whole Environ Awakens 112 5 The Mountains and Waters Sūtra 113 6 The True Mind and Body of Faith 116 7 The Hotsuganmon as a Genre 119 8 Conclusion 121 7 Theorizing the Neo-Confucian-Buddhist Encounter: The Chinese Religious Habitus and Doxas 126 Zen Branches 145 8 The Zen Explosion in America: From Before the Pre-boomers to After the Zoomers 146 1 Introduction 146 2 The Zen Explosion 147 3 An Interlude: Beat Zen and Square Zen 149 4 Sōtō Zen and More Zen 151 5 Philip Kapleau and Robert Aitken 155 6 A Case in Point: Zen Mountain Monastery 157 7 Zooming Ahead 161 9 D. T. Suzuki and Zazen 165 Bibliography 174 10 Zen and Japanese Culture: Nativist Influences on Suzuki Daisetsu’s Interpretation of Zen 176 1 Introduction 176 2 Suzuki’s Modern Zen Orthodoxy 177 3 Motoori Norinaga’s Kokugaku Theology 180 4 Suzuki on Japan’s Unique Spiritual Nature (Nihonteki Reisei 日本的霊性) 192 5 Zen and Japanese Culture: Concluding Reflections 197 Bibliography 200 Works by Suzuki Daisetsu (Daisetz T. or D.T.) 鈴木大拙 201 Other Sources 201 11 Zen and the Art of Resistance: Some Preliminary Notes 205 1 Introduction 205 2 D. T. Suzuki and Zen Adaptability/Collaboration 206 3 What is (Buddhist) “Engagement”? 207 4 From Engagement to Resistance 208 5 Buddhist Criticism 209 6 Buddhist Power 210 7 Boundless Abodes 212 8 Buddhist Freedom/Buddhist Agency 214 9 New Buddhism: Secular and Social 216 10 Conclusions 217 12 “Can You Hear the Great Sound of the Holy Footsteps?” The 650th Grand Death Anniversary of Gasan Jōseki 226 1 Sōjiji and Memorial Services for Gasan 228 2 The Motto and Aims of Gasan’s 650th Death Anniversary 230 3 Events and Projects During the Memorial Year 232 4 A Pilgrimage to Sōjiji: Parishioners Pay Respect to Gasan 236 5 The Main Memorial Service for Gasan 238 5.1 Liturgical Commemorations 239 5.2 Beyond Traditional Liturgical Customs 242 6 Conclusion 244 13 Sōtō Zen Women’s Wisdom in Practice 251 1 Dōgen and Women1 251 2 Women Living Monastic Zen43 257 3 Women Living Domestic Zen63 263 14 To Tame an Ox or to Catch a Fish: A Zen Reading of the Old Man and the Sea 271 1 Introduction 271 2 Animal Metaphors for the Awakened Mind 273 3 The Ten Oxherding Pictures 276 4 Fishing for Enlightenment 282 5 The Old Man and the Sea 284 15 Steven Heine on the Religio-Aesthetic Dimensions of Zen Buddhism 295 1 Traditional Zen Narrative (TZN) Versus Historical and Cultural Criticism (HCC) 295 2 The Religio-Aesthetic Dimension of Zen Buddhism 299 Bibliography 307 16 Authentic Time and the Political: Steven Heine on Dōgen, Heidigger, and Bob Dylan 309 1 Essentialized Time and Essentialized Being 310 2 From Being to Action 315 3 Authentic Time and the Political 318 Bibliography 327 17 Correction to: The Theory and Practice of Zen Buddhism 330 Correction to: C. S. Prebish and O. Ng (eds.), The Theory and Practice of Zen Buddhism, Chinese Culture 6, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8286-5 330 Bibliography of Steven Heine’s Publications 331 Monographs 331 Edited Volumes 332 Journal Articles 333 Articles in Edited Volumes 336 Book Reviews 339