The Theory and Practice of Sustainable Engineering. Braden R. Allenby

__**The Theory and Practice of Sustainable Engineering**__ is appropriate to use in sustainable engineering classes for both majors and non-majors. This textbook was designed as the basis for a course in itself, but it can be used to provide modules in existing courses, or as a supplementary text in sustainable engineering, green engineering, industrial ecology, sustainability law and policy, and environmental courses. Although this is a book about sustainable engineers, it is meant for a broader audience. This is not just an engineering text for engineering students, but also an engineering text for non-engineers who want to better understand the world, and be able to rationally, ethically, and responsibly respond to its challenges and emergent behaviors. Sustainable engineering is learning how to engineer responsibly and professionally in the Anthropocene: the Age of the Human. This book sketches out the cultural, social, institutional, and environmental context within which engineering and, more broadly, technology systems are now situated. It provides frameworks to facilitate understanding, communication, and the solving of highly complex problems with significant technological dimensions ― all in the name of generating more capable professionals competent in their chosen field, who are able to integrate other disciplines to address complex adaptive systems. Cover 1 Contents 5 List of Text Boxes 9 Preface and Operating Manual 10 Chapter 1 SO WHAT IS DIFFERENT NOW? OR, WHY WE NEED SUSTAINABLE ENGINEERING 16 1.1 Introduction 16 1.2 Welcome to the Anthropocene 19 1.3 Evolution of the Anthropocene 22 1.4 The Fingerprint of the Anthropocene: Energy and Water 27 1.5 The Fingerprint of the Anthropocene: Human Imprints on Sinks and Material Flows 36 1.6 Conclusion 46 Exercises 49 Annotated Bibliography 50 Chapter 2 THEMES OF THE ANTHROPOCENE 51 2.1 Introduction 51 2.2 Globalization and Multiculturalism, Then and Now 52 2.2.1 Multiculturalism and Technological Evolution 58 2.2.2 Changes in Governance 60 2.3 Information and Communications Technology and Systems 63 2.4 Technology and Sustainability 68 2.5 Demographic Trends 70 2.5.1 Urbanization 71 2.5.2 Urbanization and Sustainable Engineering 73 2.5.3 Age-Related Demographic Issues 79 2.5.4 Demographics and Risk 86 Exercises 88 Annotated Bibliography 89 Chapter 3 COMPLEXITY 91 3.1 Complexity 92 3.2 Simple versus Complex Systems 93 3.3 Different Forms of Complexity 102 3.4 Understanding Complexity 107 3.5 Models, Ideology, and Complexity 108 Exercises 112 Annotated Bibliography 113 Chapter 4 SUSTAINABILITY 114 4.1 Introduction 114 4.2 Sustainable Development 115 4.2.1 Pillars of Sustainable Development 116 4.2.2 Sustainability as Myth 119 4.3 Sustainability and Resources 123 4.4 From Sustainability to Sustainable Engineering 129 4.5 Sustainability and Global States 133 Exercises 136 Annotated Bibliography 137 Chapter 5 HOMO FABER: HUMAN HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY 139 5.1 Introduction 139 5.2 The Railroad as Technology System 148 5.3 Technology Clusters 157 Exercises 161 Annotated Bibliography 162 Chapter 6 CHARACTERISTICS OF TECHNOLOGY 164 6.1 Introduction 164 6.2 Product Design 164 6.3 Behavior of Technological Systems 169 6.4 The Three Levels of Technology Systems 179 6.5 Concluding Observations 185 Exercises 187 Annotated Bibliography 188 Chapter 7 INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY 190 7.1 Introduction 190 7.2 Industrial Ecology 191 7.3 Life Cycle Assessment 199 7.4 Streamlined LCA 206 7.5 Systems Engineering 211 Exercises 214 Annotated Bibliography 214 Chapter 8 THE FIVE HORSEMEN: EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 216 8.1 Introduction 216 8.2 The Five Horsemen 220 8.3 The Human as Design Space 240 Exercises 244 Annotated Bibliography 245 Chapter 9 GREEN CHEMISTRY 246 9.1 Introduction 246 9.2 The CFC Case Study 254 9.3 Antimicrobials and Pharmaceuticals as Earth Systems 257 9.4 Policy Implications 262 Exercises 264 Annotated Bibliography 265 Chapter 10 SUSTAINABLE ENGINEERING: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY 266 10.1 Introduction 266 10.2 Framing ICT 268 10.3 Infrastructure Operations 273 10.4 Services 278 10.5 The Virtualization of Work, Digital Nomads, and the Triple Bottom Line 281 10.6 Virtualization of Work and the Evolution of Institutional Complexity 289 10.7 Conclusion 297 Exercises 298 Annotated Bibliography 298 Chapter 11 THE FIVE HORSEMEN, MILITARY OPERATIONS, AND NATIONAL SECURITY 300 11.1 Introduction 300 11.2 Thinking about National Security 303 Case 1: Cyborg Insects and Other Surveillance Devices 314 Case 2: Telepathic Helmets 317 Case 3: Lethal Autonomous Robots 320 11.3 Concluding Thoughts 324 Exercises 325 Annotated Bibliography 326 Chapter 12 THE MACROETHICS OF SUSTAINABLE ENGINEERING 327 12.1 Introduction 327 12.2 Framing Ethics 329 12.3 The Challenge of Macroethics 336 Exercises 341 Annotated Bibliography 342 Chapter 13 THE ARAL SEA, THE EVERGLADES, AND ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT 343 13.1 Introduction: Adaptive Management 343 13.2 The Aral Sea 346 13.3 The Florida Everglades 351 13.4 Themes 356 13.5 Adaptive Management Principles 358 Exercises 360 Annotated Bibliography 360 Chapter 14 EARTH SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT: SUSTAINABLE ENGINEERING AT A PLANETARY SCALE 362 14.1 Introduction 362 14.2 Geoengineering 364 14.3 Urban Design and Management, and High Modernism 368 14.4 Theoretical ESEM Principles 371 14.5 ESEM Governance Principles 376 14.6 ESEM Design and Management Principles 382 14.7 Sustainable Engineering, ESEM, and the Final Principle 388 Exercises 389 Annotated Bibliography 390 Chapter 15 THE ENGINEER AS LEADER 392 15.1 Introduction 392 15.2 Attitude and Preparation 394 15.3 Lead by Following 398 15.4 Personal Characteristics 399 Exercises 401 Appendix A: Introduction to Sustainable Engineering Generic Syllabus 402 Appendix B: Glossary of Key Terms 414 Index 424 A 424 B 424 C 424 D 425 E 426 F 426 G 426 H 427 I 427 J 427 K 427 L 427 M 428 N 428 O 428 P 429 Q 429 R 429 S 429 T 430 U 430 V 431 W 431 X 431 This is the eBook of the printed book and may not include any media, website access codes, or print supplements that may come packaged with the bound book. The Theory and Practice of Sustainable Engineering is appropriate to use in sustainable engineering classes for both majors and non-majors. This textbook was designed as the basis for a course in itself, but it can be used to provide modules in existing courses, or as a supplementary text in sustainable engineering, green engineering, industrial ecology, sustainability law and policy, and environmental courses. Although this is a book about sustainable engineers, it is meant for a broader audience. This is not just an engineering text for engineering students, but also an engineering text for non-engineers who want to better understand the world, and be able to rationally, ethically, and responsibly respond to its challenges and emergent behaviors. Sustainable engineering is learning how to engineer responsibly and professionally in the Anthropocene: the Age of the Human. This book sketches out the cultural, social, institutional, and environmental context within which engineering and, more broadly, technology systems are now situated. It provides frameworks to facilitate understanding, communication, and the solving of highly complex problems with significant technological dimensions — all in the name of generating more capable professionals competent in their chosen field, who are able to integrate other disciplines to address complex adaptive systems. The Theory and Practice of Sustainable Engineering is appropriate to use in sustainable engineering classes for both majors and non-majors. This textbook was designed as the basis for a course in itself, but it can be used to provide modules in existing courses, or as a supplementary text in sustainable engineering, green engineering, industrial ecology, sustainability law and policy, and environmental courses. Sustainable engineering is learning how to engineer responsibly and professionally in the Anthropocene: the Age of the Human. This textbook sketches out the cultural, social, institutional, and environmental context within which engineering and, more broadly, technology systems are now situated. It provides frameworks to facilitate understanding, communication, and the solving of highly complex problems with significant technological dimensions — all in the name of generating more capable professionals competent in their chosen field, who are able to integrate other disciplines to address complex adaptive systems. The topics covered in this volume include: evolution of anthropocene, globalization and multiculturalism, simple versus complex systems, different forms of complexity, sustainable development, sustainability and global states, and industrial ecology