The Shaping of America: A Geographical Perspective on 500 Years of History: Volume 2: Continental America, 1800-1867 (Shaping of America)

This study discusses how an immense diversity of ethnic and religious groups became sorted into a set of distinct regional societies in North America.This entirely fresh interpretation of American history by a renowned historical geographer is the first in a projected three-volume series. Meinig here focuses on colonial America, examining how an immense diversity of ethnic and religious groups―Europeans, Africans, American Indians―ultimately created a set of distinct regional societies. Richly illustrated with more then forty specially prepared maps and contemporary illustrations, this volume prompts us to rethink the settling of North America.“A standard work in its field. . . . For readers seeking a bird’s-eye view of early American geography. . . there is no better guide available.”―William Cronon, New York Times Book Review“Simply the best book in the English language by a contemporary geographer I have read over the past forty-odd years, and one of the most important. . . . A magisterial achievement, a grand shaking up and reassembling of fact and ideas.”―Wilbur Zelinsky, Journal of Geography“All historians of the American experience should read and come to terms with this book.”―Malcolm J. Rohrbough, Georgia Historical Quarterly“This book is a masterpiece in the best and old sense of the word.”―Alfred W. Crosby, Southwestern Historical Quarterly Volume One Examines How An Immense Diversity Of Ethnic And Religious Groups Ultimately Created A Set Of Distict Regional Societies. Volume Two Emphasises The Flux, Uncertainty, And Unpredictablilty Of The Expansion Into Continental America, Showing How A Multitude Of Individuals Confronted Complex And Problematic Issues. V. 1. Atlantic America, 1492-1800 -- List Of Illustrations And Tables -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Pt. 1. Outreach : The Creation Of An Atlantic World -- Prologue -- 1. America As A Continuation -- 2. Iberian Initiatives -- 3. The Creation Of New Spain -- 4. The Luso-farican Contribution -- 5. Initiatives In The North And Huguenot Enterprise -- 6. The Emergence Of The English -- 7. Implantations From Northwest Europe -- 8. Generalizations : European Source Regions -- 9. Generalizations : Sectors And Circuits Of The Atlantic World -- 10. Generalizations : Geographic Models Of Interaction -- Pt. 2. Implantations : The Creation Of American Diversity -- Prologue -- 1. Peoples And Places -- 2. Northern Coasts : Beginnings -- 3. New England -- 4. Northern Entryways : The St. Lawrence -- 5. Northern Entryways : Hudson Bay -- 6. Northern Entryways : The Hudson River -- 7. Northern Entryways : The Delaware -- 8. Pennsylvania -- 9. Emergency Of Greater Virginia -- 10. Tropical Islands -- 11. Carolina And The Carolinas -- 12. Florida -- 13. Louisiana -- 14. Texas And The Lower Rio Grande -- 15. Encounter And Change : Europeans And Indians -- 16. Migration And Change : Europeans Overseas -- 17. Enslavement And Change : Africans In America -- 18. Defining Areas -- 19. The Europeanized Area : Populations And Regional Societies, Circa 1750 -- Pt. 3. Reorganizations : The Creation Of An American Matrix -- Prologue -- 1. A Geographical Transect Of The Atlantic World -- 2. The Great War And Its Alterations Of Empires -- 3. Reorganization: Northern America -- 4. Reorganization : Tropical America -- 5. Reorganization : Interior America -- 6. Expansions, 1750-1775 -- 7. Divergence -- 8. Disruption -- 9. Reorganization : British North America -- 10. Destabilization : Tropical America -- 11. Unification: Forming The United States -- 12. Emergence Of A Federal Nation -- 13. Generalizations : The Disintegration Of Empires -- 14. Generalizations : The Problems Of Federations -- 15. Generalizations : Nation-building -- 16. Generalizations : Expansionism, American-style -- Pt. 4. Context : The United States Circa 1800 -- Prologue -- 1. The United States In North America -- 2. The United States And Europe -- 3. E Pluribus Unum, In Uno Plures? -- Sources Of Quotations -- Bibliography -- Index -- V. 2. Continental America, 1800-1867 -- List Of Illustrations -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Pt. 1. Extension : The Creation Of A Continental Empire -- Prologue -- 1. Doubling The National Territory : Louisiana -- 2. Pressures On The Borders : Southward -- 3. Pressures On The Borders : Northward -- 4. The Reach Westward : To Circa 1830 -- 5. Shoving The Indians Out Of The Way -- 6. Assertion And Division : Oregon And The Northern Boundary -- 7. Annexation And Conquest : Texas And The Hispanic Borderlands -- 8. Spanning A Continent - And Ocean -- 9. Empire : The Geopolitical Management Of Captive Peoples -- 10. Continentalism : Objectives, Modes, Visions -- Pt. 2. Expansion : The Growth Of A Continental Nation -- Prologue -- 1. Filling In The Framework : Migration Westward -- 2. Occupying New Ground : Colonization, American Style -- 3. Planting New Societies : New England Extended -- 4. Planting New Societies : Virginia Extended -- 5. Planting New Societies : Midlands Extended -- 6. Planting New Societies : The Cotton Belt And South Carolina Extended -- 7. Color In The Plantings : The Afro-american Presence -- 8. Making New Pathways : Waterways, Roads, And Rails -- 9. Tying The Parts Together : National Programs -- 10. Creating New Centers : Cities And Systems Of Cities -- 11. Harnessing New Forces : Industries An Industrial Regions -- 12. Cementing The Parts Together : An American Nation -- 13. Morphology : The Shape Of The United States, 1850s -- Pt. 3. Tension : The Sundering Of A Federation -- Prologue -- 1. The Shaping Of New States -- 2. Expanding The Federation -- 3. The Idea Of Separation -- 4. Disintegration -- 5. Geopolitical Alternatives -- 6. Conquest And Emancipation -- 7. Empire, Nation, Federation : Geopolitical Contentions -- Pt. 4. Context : The United States In North America Circa 1867 -- Prologue -- 1. Continental America -- 2. The Northern Borderlands -- 3. Hispanic Borderlands -- 4. The Afro-american Archipelago -- 5. A Wider Presence -- Sources Of Quotations -- Bibliography -- Index -- V. 3. Transcontinental America, 1850-1915 -- List Of Illustrations -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Pt. 1. Articulation : Binding The Coasts Together -- Prologue -- 1. Forging The Iron Bond -- Pt. 2. Dominion : The Emergence Of American Wests -- Prologue -- 1. Delineating The New West -- 2. California -- 3. Southern California -- 4. Oregon And The Pacific Northwest -- 5. Zion, Deseret, And Utah -- 6. New Mexico : Hispanic, Indian, Anglo -- 7. The Colorado Complex -- 8. The Rest Of The West -- 9. Indians And Empire -- 10. American Wests-american Domain -- Pt. 3. Consolidation : Structuring An American Nation -- Prologue -- 1. A Re-united States -- 2. New Economic Regions -- 3. Railroads : The Contest For Territory -- 4. Populations And Peoples -- 5. Systems And Symbols -- Pt. 4. Spheres : American Influence And Outreach -- Prologue -- 1. Canada And Continentalism -- 2. Mexico And An American Mediterranean -- 3. Hawaii And An American Pacific -- 4. Panama And Transcontinental Completion -- Sources Of Quotations -- Bibliography -- Index -- V. 4. Global America, 1915-2000 -- List Of Illustrations -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Pt. 1. Technology : Mobilization And Acceleration -- Prologue -- 1. Mobilization : The Automotive Revolution -- 2. Mobilization : Neotechnic Evolution -- 3. Acceleration : On The Surface -- 4. Acceleration : In The Air -- 5. Acceleration : Invisible And Instantaneous -- Pt. 2. Morphology : Migrations And Formations -- Prologue -- 1. Populations And Policies, 1915-1950s -- 2. Regionalism, 1920s-1950 -- 3. A Reconnaissance Of Regions -- 4. Midcentury Morphology -- 5. Altering The Federation And Internal Empire -- 6. Populations And Policies, 1950s-1990s -- 7. Some Reconfigurations-- 8. Reshaping The Nation -- Pt. 3. Mission : Assertions And Impositions -- Prologue -- 1. Assertions : America And Europe -- 2. Impositions : War And Interwar, Europe And Asia -- 3. Impositions : Western Hemisphere -- 4. Redividing The World -- 5. Impositions And Oppositions -- 6. America And The World -- Sources Of Quotations -- Bibliography -- Index. D.w. Meinig. Includes Bibliographical References And Indexes. Cover The Shaping of America: Volume 1 CONTENTS ILLUSTRATIONS TABLES PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS PART ONE— OUTREACH: THE CREATION OF AN ATLANTIC WORLD Prologue 1— America as a Continuation A General Formulation 2— Iberian Initiatives 3— The Creation of New Spain 4— The Luso-African Contribution 5— Initiatives in the North and Huguenot Enterprise 6— The Emergence of the English 7— Implantations from Northwest Europe 8— Generalizations: European Source Regions 9— Generalizations: Sectors and Circuits of the Atlantic World 10— Generalizations: Geographic Models of Interaction PART TWO— IMPLANTATIONS: THE CREATION OF AMERICAN DIVERSITY Prologue 1— Peoples and Places European Diversity Native Americans Africans Areas 2— Northern Coasts: Beginnings 3— New England Emergence of New England Greater New England 4— Northern Entryways: The St. Lawrence 5— Northern Entryways: Hudson Bay 6— Northern Entryways: The Hudson River 7— Northern Entryways: The Delaware 8— Pennsylvania 9— Emergence of Greater Virginia Chesapeake Bay: Early Virginia Chesapeake Bay: Early Maryland Greater Virginia 10— Tropical Islands 11— Carolina and the Carolinas 12— Florida 13— Louisiana 14— Texas and the Lower Rio Grande 15— Encounter and Change: Europeans and Indians 16— Migration and Change: Europeans Overseas 17— Enslavement and Change: Africans in America 18— Defining Areas Partitioning the Continent Frameworks for Local Government Patterning the Countryside 19— The Europeanized Area: Populations and Regional Societies, Circa 1750 PART THREE— REORGANIZATIONS: THE CREATION OF AN AMERICAN MATRIX Prologue 1— A Geographical Transect of the Atlantic World 2— The Great War and Its Alterations of Empires 3— Reorganization: Northern America 4— Reorganization: Tropical America 5— Reorganization: Interior America 6— Expansions, 1750–1775 7— Divergence 8— Disruption 9— Reorganization: British North America 10— Destabilization: Tropical America 11— Unification: Forming the United States 12— Emergence of a Federal Nation 13— Generalizations: The Disintegration of Empires A Model of Empire The Pattern of the British Empire The Process of Disintegration 14— Generalizations: The Problems of Federations 15— Generalizations: Nation-Building 16— Generalizations: Expansionism, American-Style PART FOUR— CONTEXT: THE UNITED STATES, CIRCA 1800 Prologue 1— The United States in North America 2— The United States and Europe 3— E Pluribus Unum , In Uno Plures? SOURCES OF QUOTATIONS Part One Part Two Part Three Part Four BIBLIOGRAPHY General Part One Part Two Part Three Part Four INDEX This entirely fresh interpretation of American history by a renowned historical geographer is the first in a projected three-volume series. Meinig here focuses on colonial America, examining how an immense diversity of ethnic and religious groupsEuropeans, Africans, American Indiansultimately created a set of distinct regional societies. Richly illustrated with more then forty specially prepared maps and contemporary illustrations, this volume prompts us to rethink the settling of North America. A standard work in its field. . . . For readers seeking a birds-eye view of early American geography. . . there is no better guide available.William Cronon, New York Times Book Review Simply the best book in the English language by a contemporary geographer I have read over the past forty-odd years, and one of the most important. . . . A magisterial achievement, a grand shaking up and reassembling of fact and ideas.Wilbur Zelinsky, Journal of Geography All historians of the American experience should read and come to terms with this book.Malcolm J. Rohrbough, Georgia Historical Quarterly This book is a masterpiece in the best and old sense of the word.Alfred W. Crosby, Southwestern Historical Quarterly