The Search for Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction: Inspection, Verification and Non-Proliferation (Global Issues Series)

This book tells the story of the UN's attempts to monitor and control the development of Weapons of Mass Destruction in Iraq from the first Gulf War to the continuing search for them today. The non-disclosure and non-cooperation of Iraq in this process led the Allies to war in 2003 and the search for WMD after the deposition of Saddam Hussein has caused acute political embarrassment. Graham Pearson draws out the lessons that can be learned from the experience in Iraq for the control of weapons programs in other rogue states, and the lessons for the UN themselves. This Authoritative Account Details The Persistent Efforts Made First By The United Nations Secretary-general Experts In The 1980s, Then By The United Nations Special Commission (unscom) From 1991 To 1998 And By The United Nations Monitoring. Verification And Inspection Commission (unmovic) In Just Over Three Months From November 2002 To March 2003 And Subsequently By The Iraq Survey Group (isg) To Uncover The Chemical And Biological Weapons Programmes In Iraq. The Absence Of Stockpiles In Iraq Is Analysed And Key Lessons Drawn For The Prohibition Regimes For Chemical And Biological Weapons.--jacket. Foreword / Charles A. Duelfer -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The United Nations Secretary-general Investigations In Iran And Iraq -- 3. The Decade Of Unscom -- 4. An Analysis Of Unscom -- 5. The Amorim Panel And The Creation Of Unmovic -- 6. The Years Of Unmovic -- 7. The Developments Leading To War In March 2003 And The Iraq Survey Group -- 8. Iraq's Chemical And Biological Programmes -- 9. The Absence Of Wmd Stockpiles In Iraq -- 10. Inspection, Verification And Non-proliferation : Lessons Learned -- 11. Future Roles For Unmovic And Its Expertise -- 12. Prospects For The Future -- App. 1. United Nations Security Council Resolution 687 (1991) -- App. 2. United Nations Security Council Resolution 1284 (1999). Graham S. Pearson ; Foreword By Charles A. Duelfer. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 302-324) And Index. This Work Represents A Collection Of Articles On The Ramifications Of Disease Emergence For International Development, International Law, And National Security. Factors In The Emergence Of Infectious Diseases / Stephen S. Morse -- Climate, Ecology And Human Health / Paul R. Epstein -- The Economics Of Emerging Infections In The Asia-pacific Region: What Do We Know And What Do We Need To Know? / Robert Davis And Ann Marie Kimball -- Economic Growth, Disruption, Deprivation, Disease And Death: On The Importance Of The Politics Of Public Health For Development / Simon Szreter -- Disease And International Development / Andrew T. Price-smith -- The Map Is Not The Territory: Reconceiving Human Security / Jim Whitman -- Ghosts Of Kigali: Infectious Disease And Global Stability At The Turn Of The Century / Andrew T. Price-smith -- The Return Of Infectious Disease / Laurie Garrett -- Microsecurity / Sara Glasgow And Dennis Pirages -- Beyond The Traditional Intelligence Agenda: Examining The Merits Of A Global Public Health Portfolio / Loch K. Johnson And Diane C. Snyder -- The International Health Regulations In Historical Perspective / Simon Carvalho And Mark Zacher -- Public Health And International Law: The Impact Of Infectious Diseases On The Formation Of International Legal Regimes, 1800-2000 / David P. Fidler. Edited By Andrew T. Price-smith. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Cover......Page 1 Contents......Page 10 List of Figures......Page 12 List of Tables......Page 13 Foreword......Page 16 Preface......Page 26 Acknowledgments......Page 30 List of Abbreviations/Acronyms......Page 32 1 Introduction......Page 36 2 The United Nations Secretary-General Investigations in Iran and Iraq......Page 44 3 The Decade of UNSCOM......Page 61 4 An Analysis of UNSCOM......Page 105 5 The Amorim Panel and the Creation of UNMOVIC......Page 131 6 The Years of UNMOVIC......Page 143 7 The Developments Leading to War in March 2003 and the Iraq Survey Group......Page 192 8 Iraq's Chemical and Biological Programmes......Page 228 9 The Absence of WMD Stockpiles in Iraq......Page 257 10 Inspection, Verification and Non-Proliferation: Lessons Learned......Page 269 11 Future Roles for UNMOVIC and its Expertise......Page 288 12 Prospects for the Future......Page 304 1 United Nations Security Council Resolution 687 (1991)......Page 315 2 United Nations Security Council Resolution 1284 (1999)......Page 324 3 United Nations Security Council Resolution 1441 (2002)......Page 332 Notes......Page 337 A......Page 360 B......Page 361 C......Page 362 F......Page 364 H......Page 365 I......Page 366 M......Page 367 O......Page 368 S......Page 369 U......Page 371 Z......Page 373 'Something must be done' is a cry that is often heard in international relations. Situations are deemed intolerable, and calls to relieve suffering and hold the guilty accountable are frequently made. But who, or what, is the 'someone' who must act or can be called to account? Individual human beings are generally understood to be the bearers of moral burdens, duties and responsibilities. But individuals, acting only as individuals, can do little to alleviate famine, to protect the environment, or to rescue those threatened with massacre. Collective actors, on the other hand, including states, multinational corporations and the United Nations, arguably possess capacities to address injustice, respond to crises, and, indeed, cause harm in ways that individuals on their own cannot. Can such institutions be considered moral agents? If so, according to what criteria do they qualify as such, and under what conditions can duties be assigned to them, or blame attributed? The essays presented in Can Institutions Have Responsibilities? respond to these challenging questions from a variety of perspectives and tackle 'hard cases' such as the Kosovo Campaign and the genocide in Rwanda. In the early 1980s the world became aware that Iraq was producing and using chemical weapons in its war against Iran. Since then the world has become acutely aware of the threat posed by Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD). We are now faced with an uncertain world in which there is greater concern about the potential use of chemical or biological weapons by rogue states or terrorist groups. This authoritative account details the persistent efforts made first by the United Nations Secretary-General experts in the 1980s, then by the UN Special Commission (UNSCOM) from 1991 to 1998 and by the United Nations Monitoring and Verification Commission (UNMOVIC) in just over three months from November 2002 to March 2003 and subsequently by the Iraq Survey Group (ISG) to uncover the chemical and biological weapons programmes in Iraq. The absence of stockpiles in Iraq is analysed and key lessons drawn for the prohibition regimes for chemical and biological weapons Politics for global environmental governance / Ho-Won Jeong The evolution of global commons / Marvin S. Soroos New dimensions of effectiveness in the analysis of international environmental agreements / Gabriela Kütting Dynamics of environmental negotiations / Ho-Won Jeong Scientific uncertainty in environmental negotiations / Pamela S. Chasek The legitimacy of the global environment facility / Rodger A. Payne Encouraging participation in international environmental agreements / Elizabeth R. DeSombre Ecocentric identity and politics / Ho-Won Jeong and Charlotte Bretherton Globalised networks of knowledge and practice : civil society and environmental governance / Ronnie D. Lipschutz This authoritative account explores the facts that lie behind the Weapons of Mass Destruction programmes in Iraq. Graham Pearson shows how these programmes were gradually uncovered through the efforts of UN specialist exerts, then by UNSCOM and UNMOVIC and finally by the Iraq Survey Group. The book analyses why there was no stockpile of chemical or biological weapons to be found in Iraq. Finally, it examines the lessons for inspection, verification and non-proliferation in the chemical and biological weapons prohibition regimes. Argues that the costs of recent patterns of economic growth greatly outweigh the benefits. Explores the ecological impact of increased consumption, examines the employment consequences of increased production and analyses the relations between consumption and welfare. Looks at orthodox and green approaches to these issues and proposes an alternative policy framework based explicitly on welfare. Shows how cuts in consumption, working hours and ecological risks might be made while maintaining the quality of life