The Science and Technology of Materials in Automotive Engines (Woodhead Publishing in Materials)

The science and technology of materials in automotive engines provides an introductory text on the nature of the materials used in automotive engines. It focuses on reciprocating engines, both four and two stroke, with particular emphasis on their characteristics and the types of materials used in their construction. The book considers the engine in terms of each specific part: the cylinder, piston, camshaft, valves, crankshaft, connecting rod and catalytic converter. The materials used in automotive engines are required to fulfil a multitude of functions. It is a subtle balance between material properties, essential design and high performance characteristics. The science and technology of materials in automotive engines describes the metallurgy, chemical composition, manufacturing, heat treatment and surface modification of these materials. It also includes supplementary notes that support the core text. The book is essential reading for engineers and designers of engines, as well as lecturers and graduate students in the fields of automotive engineering, machine design and materials science looking for a concise, expert analysis of automotive materials. Provides a detailed introduction to the nature of materials used in automotive engines Essential reading for engineers, designers, lecturers and students in automotive engineering Written by a renowned expert in the field The science and technology of materials in automotive engines......Page 2 Contents......Page 6 Preface......Page 12 1.1 The reciprocating engine......Page 14 1.3 Engine components and typical materials......Page 18 1.4 Recent trends in engine technology......Page 20 1.5 References and notes......Page 22 2.1 Structures and functions......Page 23 2.2 The cast iron monolithic block......Page 28 2.3 The compact graphite iron monolithic block......Page 35 2.4 Aluminum blocks with enclosed cast iron liners to improve cooling performance......Page 38 2.5 Thermal distortion and heat discharge......Page 42 2.6 Improving engine compaction with surface modifications......Page 45 2.7 Casting technologies for aluminum cylinder blocks......Page 53 2.8 Open and closed deck structures......Page 59 2.9 The two-stroke cycle engine cylinder......Page 61 2.10 Conclusions......Page 62 2.11 References and notes......Page 64 3.1 Structures and functions......Page 66 3.2 Manufacturing process......Page 72 3.3 Piston design to compensate thermal expansion......Page 78 3.4 Heat treatment......Page 81 3.5 Reinforcement of the piston ring groove......Page 85 3.6 The high-strength piston......Page 89 3.7 Conclusions......Page 96 3.8 References and notes......Page 97 4.1 Functions......Page 100 4.2 Suitable shapes to obtain high power output......Page 102 4.3 Ring materials......Page 108 4.4 Designing the self-tension of rings......Page 115 4.5 Surface modification to improve friction and wear......Page 117 4.7 References and notes......Page 121 5.1 Functions......Page 123 5.2 Tribology of the camshaft and valve lifter......Page 126 5.3 Improving wear resistance of the cam lobe......Page 129 5.4 Reducing friction in the valve train......Page 141 5.5 Conclusions......Page 143 5.6 References and notes......Page 144 6.1 Functions......Page 145 6.2 Alloy design of heat-resistant steels......Page 147 6.3 The bonded valve using friction welding......Page 152 6.4 Increasing wear resistance......Page 156 6.5 Lighter valves using other materials......Page 158 6.6 The valve seat......Page 160 6.8 References and notes......Page 163 7.1 Functions......Page 165 7.2 Steel wires......Page 167 7.3 Coiling a spring......Page 169 7.4 Improving fatigue strength by shot peening......Page 171 7.5 The cylinder head......Page 174 7.7 References and notes......Page 176 8.1 Functions......Page 178 8.2 Types of crankshaft......Page 179 8.4 Forging......Page 183 8.5 Surface-hardening methods......Page 191 8.6 Micro-alloyed steel......Page 207 8.7 Strengthening......Page 211 8.9 References and notes......Page 217 9.1 Functions......Page 220 9.2 The monolithic con-rod......Page 222 9.3 The needle roller bearing......Page 225 9.4 The assembled con-rod......Page 231 9.5 The plain bearing......Page 235 9.6 Fracture splitting......Page 237 9.8 References and notes......Page 239 10.1 The development of catalysts for petrol engines......Page 241 10.2 Structures and functions......Page 242 10.3 The three-way catalyst......Page 245 10.4 The honeycomb substrate......Page 248 10.5 The development of catalysts to reduce NOx......Page 251 10.6 Controlling pollutants at cold start......Page 252 10.8 Exhaust gas after-treatment for diesel engines......Page 254 10.10 References and notes......Page 259 11.1 Functions of the turbocharger......Page 261 11.2 The turbine wheel......Page 262 11.3 The turbine housing......Page 268 11.4 The exhaust manifold......Page 269 11.6 References and notes......Page 273 Glossary......Page 274 Appendix A: international standards conversion table for alloys......Page 278 Reference......Page 280 Appendix C: the phase diagram......Page 282 Appendix D: types of cast iron......Page 288 References......Page 291 Appendix E: steel-making and types of steel......Page 292 References......Page 294 Appendix F: creating various properties through heat treatment......Page 295 Appendix G: mechanisms for strengthening metals......Page 301 References......Page 304 Reference......Page 305 Reference......Page 310 Appendix J: aluminum casting......Page 312 References......Page 316 Appendix K: elastic deformation and plastic deformation......Page 318 References......Page 320 Index......Page 322 This new book provides and introductory text on the science and technology of materials in automotive engines. It focuses on reciprocating engines, both four and two-stroke, with particular emphasis on their characteristics and the materials used in their construction. The books considers the engine in terms of each specific part : the piston, cylinder, camshaft valves, crankshaft, connecting rod and catalytic converter. It also covers the metallurgy, surface modification, wear resistance, and chemical composition of the materials considered and it will include supplementary notes that support the core text. The book will be essential reading for engineers and designers of engines, as well as lecturers and graduate students in the fields of combustion engineering, machine design, and materials science looking for a concise, expert analysis of automotive materials. This new book provides and introductory text on the science and technology of materials in automotive engines. It focuses on reciprocating engines, both four and two-stroke, with particular emphasis on their characteristics and the materials used in their construction. The books considers the engine in terms of each specific part : the piston, cylinder, camshaft valves, crankshaft, connecting rod and catalytic converter. It also covers the metallurgy, surface modification, wear resistance, and chemical composition of the materials considered and it will include supplementary notes that support the core text. The book will be essential reading for engineers and designers of engines, as well as lecturers and graduate students in the fields of combustion engineering, machine design, and materials science looking for a concise, expert analysis of automotive materials. (Midwest) As product specifications become more demanding, manufacturers require steel with ever more specific functional properties. As a result, there has been a wealth of research on how those properties emerge during steelmaking. Fundamentals of metallurgy summarises this research and its implications for manufacturers.

The first part of the book reviews the effects of processing on the properties of metals with a range of chapters on such phenomena as phase transformations, types of kinetic reaction, transport and interfacial phenomena. Authors discuss how these processes and the resulting properties of metals can be modelled and predicted. Part two discusses the implications of this research for improving steelmaking and steel properties.

With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Fundamentals of metallurgy is an invaluable reference for steelmakers and manufacturers requiring high-performance steels in such areas as automotive and aerospace engineering. It will also be useful for those dealing with non-ferrous metals and alloys, material designers for functional materials, environmentalists and above all, high technology industries designing processes towards materials with tailored properties.

• Summarises key research and its implications for manufacturers
• Essential reading for steelmakers and manufacturers
• Written by leading experts from both industry and academia

The science and technology of materials in automotive engines provides an introductory text on the nature of the materials used in automotive engines. It focuses on reciprocating engines, both four and two stroke, with particular emphasis on their characteristics and the types of materials used in their construction. The book considers the engine in terms of each specific part: the cylinder, piston, camshaft, valves, crankshaft, connecting rod and catalytic converter. The materials used in automotive engines are required to fulfil a multitude of functions. It is a subtle balance between material properties, essential design and high performance characteristics. The science and technology of materials in automotive engines describes the metallurgy, chemical composition, manufacturing, heat treatment and surface modification of these materials. It also includes supplementary notes that support the core text.

The book is essential reading for engineers and designers of engines, as well as lecturers and graduate students in the fields of automotive engineering, machine design and materials science looking for a concise, expert analysis of automotive materials.

• Provides a detailed introduction to the nature of materials used in automotive engines
• Essential reading for engineers, designers, lecturers and students in automotive engineering
• Written by a renowned expert in the field

The Science and technology of materials in automotive engines is an introductory text on the nature of materials used in automotive engines. It focuses on both two and four stroke reciprocating engines, with particular emphasis on their characteristics and the types of materials used in their construction. Each part of the engine is considered: the cylinder, piston, camshaft, valve, crankshaft, connecting rod and catalytic converter. The materials used in automotive engines are required to fulfil a multitude of functions. There is a subtle balance between material properties, essential design and high performance characteristics. This book describes the metallurgy of these materials. Each chapter includes supplententary notes that support the core text.The science and technology of materials in automotive engines will be essential reading or engineers and deesigners, as well as lecturers and graduate students in automotive engineering machine design and materials science, who are seeking a concise, expert analysis of automotive materials. There have been a number of significant developments in welding technology. New developments in advanced welding summarises some of the most important of these and their applications in mechanical and structural engineering.

The book begins by reviewing advances in gas metal arc welding, tubular cored wired welding and gas tungsten arc welding. A number of chapters discuss developments in laser welding, including laser beam welding and Nd:YAG laser welding. Other new techniques such as electron beam welding, explosion welding and ultrasonic welding are also analysed. The book concludes with a review of current research into health and safety issues.

With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, New developments in advanced welding is a standard guide for the welding community.

• Discusses the changes in advanced welding techniques
• Looks at new technologies
• Explores mechanical and structural engineering examples

Measurement techniques for characterisation of residual stress and distortion have improved significantly. More importantly the development and application of computational welding mechanics have been phenomenal. Through the collaboration of experts, this book provides a comprehensive treatment of the subject. It develops sufficient theoretical treatments on heat transfer, solid mechanics and materials behaviour that are essential for understanding and determining welding residual stress and distortion. It will outline the approach for computational analysis that engineers with sufficient background can follow and apply. The book is useful for advanced analysis of the subject and provide examples and practical solutions for welding engineers.

• A comprehensive summary of developments in this subject
• Includes case studies and practical solutions
• Compiled by a worldwide panel of experts

"The science and technology of materials in automotive engines is an introductory text on the nature of materials used in automotive engines. It focuses on both two- and four-stroke reciprocating engines, with particular emphasis on their characteristics and the types of materials used in their construction. Each part of the engine is considered." "The science and technology of materials in automotive engines will be essential reading for engineers and designers, as well as lecturers and graduate students in automotive engineering, machine design and materials science, who are seeking a concise, expert analysis of automotive materials."--BOOK JACKET This new book focuses on both two- and four-stroke reciprocating engines with particular emphasis on their characteristics and the materials used in their construction. It considers the engine in terms of each specific part and covers the metallurgy, surface modification, wear resistance and chemical composition of each engine constituent. The text includes supplementary notes and will be essential reading for engineers and designers of engines as well as for graduate students in the fields of combustion engineering, machine design and materials science. "With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Fundamentals of metallurgy will be an invaluable reference for steelmakers and manufacturers requiring high-performance steels in such areas as automotive and aerospace engineering. It will also be useful for those who deal with non-ferrous metals and alloys, designers of functional materials, environmentalists and, above all, high-technology industries which require materials with tailored properties."--BOOK JACKET