The Russians in Germany : a history of the Soviet Zone of occupation, 1945-1949

In 1945, when the Red Army marched in, eastern Germany was not "occupied" but "liberated." This, until the recent collapse of the Soviet Bloc, is what passed for history in the German Democratic Republic. Now, making use of newly opened archives in Russia and Germany, Norman Naimark reveals what happened during the Soviet occupation of eastern Germany from 1945 through 1949. His book offers a comprehensive look at Soviet policies in the occupied zone and their practical consequences for Germans and Russians alike—and, ultimately, for postwar Europe. In rich and lucid detail, Naimark captures the mood and the daily reality of the occupation, the chaos and contradictions of a period marked by rape and repression, the plundering of factories, the exploitation of German science, and the rise of the East German police state. Never have these practices and their place in the overall Soviet strategy, particularly the political development of the zone, received such thorough treatment. Here we have our first clear view of how the Russians regarded the postwar settlement and the German question, how they made policy on issues from reparations to technology transfer to the acquisition of uranium, how they justified their goals, how they met them or failed, and how they changed eastern Germany in the process. The Russians in Germany also takes us deep into the politics of culture as Naimark explores the ways in which Soviet officers used film, theater, and education to foster the Bolshevization of the zone. Unique in its broad, comparative approach to the Soviet military government in Germany, this book fills in a missing—and ultimately fascinating—chapter in the history of modern Europe. Library Journal Naimark, director of Stanford University's Center for Russian and East European Studies, has based his study of the creation of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) on extensive archival research in the files of both Western and Eastern bloc countries. Focusing on the 1945-49 period, he discusses, among many other topics, Soviet planning for the conquered territory of Germany, problems arising from rape and looting by occupying Soviet troops, and the role of German scientists in Soviet weapons programs. Naimark's work is an important study of nation-building in the Eastern bloc and will also be of interest to students of German politics, history, and reunification. However, any future opening of currently sealed Russian archives may cause a reassessment of parts of the story. Until that time, this is likely to be the standard text on the early years of the GDR. Recommended for political science and history collections.Stanley Planton, Quinn Lib, Ohio Univ.-Chillicothe

In 1945, when the Red Army marched in, eastern Germany was not "occupied" but "liberated." This, until the recent collapse of the Soviet Bloc, is what passed for history in the German Democratic Republic. Now, making use of newly opened archives in Russia and Germany, Norman Naimark reveals what happened during the Soviet occupation of eastern Germany from 1945 through 1949. His book offers a comprehensive look at Soviet policies in the occupied zone and their practical consequences for Germans and Russians alike—and, ultimately, for postwar Europe.

In rich and lucid detail, Naimark captures the mood and the daily reality of the occupation, the chaos and contradictions of a period marked by rape and repression, the plundering of factories, the exploitation of German science, and the rise of the East German police state. Never have these practices and their place in the overall Soviet strategy, particularly the political development of the zone, received such thorough treatment. Here we have our first clear view of how the Russians regarded the postwar settlement and the German question, how they made policy on issues from reparations to technology transfer to the acquisition of uranium, how they justified their goals, how they met them or failed, and how they changed eastern Germany in the process. The Russians in Germany also takes us deep into the politics of culture as Naimark explores the ways in which Soviet officers used film, theater, and education to foster the Bolshevization of the zone.

Unique in its broad, comparative approach to the Soviet military government in Germany, this book fills in a missing—and ultimately fascinating—chapter in the history of modern Europe.

In 1945, when the Red Army marched in, eastern Germany was not "occupied" but "liberated." This, until the recent collapse of the Soviet Bloc, is what passed for history in the German Democratic Republic. Now, making use of newly opened archives in Russia and Germany, Norman Naimark reveals what happened during the Soviet occupation of eastern Germany from 1945 through 1949. His book offers a comprehensive look at Soviet policies in the occupied zone and their practical consequences for Germans and Russians alike - and, ultimately, for postwar Europe. In rich and lucid detail, Naimark captures the mood and the daily reality of the occupation, the chaos and contradictions of a period marked by rape and repression, the plundering of factories, the exploitation of German science, and the rise of the East German police state. Frontmatter Acknowledgments (page xi) Abbreviations (page xviii) Introduction (page 1) 1 From Soviet to German Administration (page 9) 2 Soviet Soldiers, German Women, and the Problem of Rape (page 69) 3 Reparations, Removals, and the Economic Transformation of the Zone (page 141) 4 The Soviet Use of German Science (page 205) 5 The Soviets and the German Left (page 251) 6 The Tiul'panov Question and Soviet Policy-making in the Zone (page 318) 7 Building the East German Police State (page 353) 8 The Politics of Culture and Education (page 398) Conclusion (page 465) Sources (page 475) Notes (page 481) Index (page 572)