The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Medicine (Routledge Philosophy Companions)

__The____Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Medicine__is a comprehensive guide to topics in the fields of epistemology and metaphysics of medicine. It examines traditional topics such as the concept of disease, causality in medicine, the epistemology of the randomized controlled trial, the biopsychosocial model, explanation, clinical judgment and phenomenology of medicine and emerging topics, such as philosophy of epidemiology, measuring harms, the concept of disability, nursing perspectives, race and gender, the metaphysics of Chinese medicine, and narrative medicine. Each of the 48 chapters is written especially for this volume and with a student audience in mind. For pedagogy and clarity, each chapter contains an extended example illustrating the ideas discussed. This text is intended for use as a reference for students in courses in philosophy of medicine and philosophy of science, and pairs well with__The____Routledge Companion to Bioethics__for use in medical humanities and social science courses. Part I : General Concepts -- The Concept Of Disease / Dominic Sisti And Arthur L. Caplan -- Disease, Illness, And Sickness / Bjorn Hofmann -- Health And Well-being / Daniel M. Hausman -- Disability And Normality / Anita Silvers -- Mechanisms In Medicine / Phyllis Illari -- Causality And Causal Interference In Medicine / Julian Reiss -- Frequency And Propensity : The Interpretation Of Probability In Causal Models For Medicine / Donald Gillies -- Reductionism In The Biomedical Sciences / Holly K. Andersen -- Realism And Constructivism In Medicine / Jeremy R. Simon -- Part Ii : Specific Concepts -- Birth / Christina Scḧues -- Death / Steven Luper -- Pain, Chronic Pain, And Suffering / Valerie Gray Hardcastle -- Measuring Placebo Effects / Jeremy Howick -- The Concept Of Genetic Disease / Jonathan Michael Kaplan -- Diagnostic Categories / Annemarie Jutel -- Classificatory Challenges In Psychopathology / Harold Kincaid --^ Classificatory Challenges In Physical Disease / Mathias Brochhausen -- Part Iii : Research Methods (a) Evidence In Medicine -- The Randomized Controlled Trial : Internal And External Validity ./ Adam La Caze -- The Hierarchy Of Evidence, Meta-analysis, And Systematic Review / Robyn Bluhm -- Statistical Evidence And The Reliability Of Medical Research / Mattia Andreoletti And David Teira -- Bayesian Versus Frequentist Clinical Trials / Cecillia Nardini -- Observational Research / Olaf M. Dekkers And Jane P. Vandenbroucke -- Philosophy Of Epidemiology / Alex Broadbent -- Complementary/alternative Medicine And The Evidence Requirement / Kirsten Hansen And Klemens Kappel -- Part Iii : Research Methods (b) Other Research Methods -- Models In Medicine / Michael Wilde And Jon Williamson -- Discovery In Medicine / Brendan Clarke -- Explanation In Medicine / Mäel Lemoine -- The Case Study In Medicine / Rachel A. Ankeny -- Values In Medical Research / Kirstin Borgerson --^ Outcome Measures In Medicine / Leah Mcclimans -- Measuring Harms / Jacob Stegenga -- Expert Consensus / Miriam Solomon -- Part Iv : Clinical Methods -- Clinical Judgment / Ross Upshur And Benjamin Chin-yee -- Narrative Medicine / Danielle Spencer -- Medical Decision Making : Diagnosis, Treatment, And Prognosis / Ashley Graham Kennedy -- Part V : Variability And Diversity -- Personalized And Precision Medicine / Alex Gamma -- Gender In Medicine / Immaculada De Melo-martín And Kristen Intemann -- Race In Medicine / Sean A. Valles -- Atypical Bodies In Medical Care / Ellen K. Feder -- Part Vi : Perspectives -- The Biomedical Model And The Biopsychosocial Model In Medicine / Fred Gifford -- Models In Mental Illness / Jacqueline Sullivan -- Phenomenology And Hermeneutics In Medicine / Havi Carel -- Evolutionary Medicine / Michael Cournoyea -- Philosophy Of Nursing : Caring, Holism And The Nursing Role(s) / Mark Risjord --^ Contemporary Chinese Medicine And Its Theoretical Foundations / Judith Farquhar -- Double Truths And The Postcolonial Predicament Of Chinese Medicine / Eric I. Karchmer -- Medicine As A Commodity / Carl Elliott. Edited By Miriam Solomon, Jeremy R. Simon, And Harold Kincaid. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Medicine is a comprehensive guide to topics in the fields of epistemology and metaphysics of medicine. It examines traditional topics such as the concept of disease, causality in medicine, the epistemology of the randomized controlled trial, the biopsychosocial model, explanation, clinical judgment and phenomenology of medicine and emerging topics, such as philosophy of epidemiology, measuring harms, the concept of disability, nursing perspectives, race and gender, the metaphysics of Chinese medicine, and narrative medicine. Each of the 48 chapters is written especially for this volume and with a student audience in mind. For pedagogy and clarity, each chapter contains an extended example illustrating the ideas discussed. This text is intended for use as a reference for students in courses in philosophy of medicine and philosophy of science, and pairs well with The Routledge Companion to Bioethics for use in medical humanities and social science courses. A comprehensive guide for students in courses in philosophy of medicine and philosophy of science. It examines both traditional topics and emerging topics, with each of the 48 chapters written especially for the volume. Each chapter contains an extended example illustrating the ideas discussed.