The Routledge Atlas of British History (Routledge Historical Atlases)

The evolving story of the British Isles forms the central theme of this fascinating and compelling atlas, which covers England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales – and the expansion and gradual disintegration of Britain's overseas empire. This new edition includes: Politics – from the Saxon kingdoms and the collapse of England's French Empire to the Tudors and Stuarts, the English Civil War, the Restoration, Parliamentary Reform, the Commonwealth and Europe, the European Union and the Coalition Government formed in 2010 War and conflict – from Viking attacks and the Norman Invasion to the Armada, two World Wars and the end of empire, the Falklands War, the Gulf War, British forces overseas, terror at home and the wars in Kosovo, Sierra Leone, Afghanistan and Iraq Trade and industry – from the post-Norman economy and Tudor trade to industrial unrest and the opening of international trade routes, imports and exports, arms sales and British humanitarian aid overseas Religion – from the Saxon Church to the Reformation and the multi-cultural Britain of modern times Society and economics – from civilian life in Roman Britain to the Industrial and Agricultural revolutions, the General Strike and the growth of universities, unemployment, homelessness, charitable activities and government expenditure Immigration – the growth of immigrant communities, the wide range of countries from which immigrants came, citizenship applications and citizenship granted. Sir Martin Gilbert is Winston Churchill's official biographer, and one of Britain's leading historians, having written eighty-two books in total. He is an Honorary Fellow of Merton College, Oxford, and a Distinguished Fellow of Hillsdale College, Michigan. He has also most recently served on the committee of the Iraq Inquiry set up by the British Government. For more information, please visit www.martingilbert.com. Front Cover 1 The Routledge Atlas of British History 4 Copyright Page 5 Preface 6 Maps 8 The Celts in Britain by 50 BC 12 The Roman Conquest 54 BC–l00 AD 13 Roman Military Government 100AD–400 AD 14 Civilian Life in Roman Britain 15 The Pattern of Roman Settlement in Southern England 16 The Decline of Roman Britain 367AD–517 AD 17 Early Saxon Settlement 500–626 18 Saxon Kingdoms and Bretwaldaships 630–829 19 The Church 700–850 20 Viking Expansion in Europe 700–941 21 The Norse and Danish Invasions 793–876 22 The English Resurgence 876–920 23 The English Resurgence 920–973 24 The Danish Empire 1000–1034 25 Bishoprics and Monasteries1000–1066 26 Harold's Defeat 1066 27 The Norman Conquest 1066–1072 28 England Under The Normans1066–1100 29 Norman Rule 1066–1087 30 The Norman Conquest of Wales1068–1200 30 Ireland 1120 31 Anglo–France 1189 31 The Church 1100–1300 32 Stephen and Matilda 1135–1148 33 England 1200–1300 34 The Economy 1200–1300 35 London 1200–1400 36 Scotland 1295–1402 37 The Hundred Years' War 1259–1368 38 The Conquest of Wales 1277–1295 39 England 1300–1400 40 The Black Death 1333–1369 41 The Peasants' Revolt 1381 42 England 1400–1500 43 Owen Glendower's Revolt 1400–1405 44 The Defeat of Owen Glendower 1405–1412 44 The Collapse of English Rule in France 1429–1453 45 The Wars of the Roses: Territorial Divisions 1450 46 The Wars of the Roses: Castles and Battles 1450–1485 47 English Trading Companies 1467–1696 48 Wales 1500–1535 49 Ireland 1500–1558 49 The Pattern of Monastic Property 1500–1530 50 The English Reformation 1531–1571 51 Scotland 1500–1603 52 England 1500–1600 53 Drake and Spain 1577–1585 54 Leicester's Intervention in the Netherlands 1585–1587 54 The Armada 1588 55 Ireland 1553–1603 56 Ireland 1603–1625 56 The Caribbean 1562–1717 57 The Origins of English Settlement in Virginia 1607–1700 58 The Origins of English Settlement in New England 1620–1700 58 The New World 1642–1713 59 The Civil War 1642–1643 60 The Civil War 1644–1646 61 Cromwell's Wars and Diplomacy 1649–1660 62 The Atlantic Ocean 1660 63 The Indian Ocean 1660 63 The Three Dutch Wars 64 Monmouth's Rebellion 1685 65 The Glorious Revolution 1688 65 Ireland 1649–1651 66 Ireland 1689–1691 66 The Jacobite Rising 1715 67 The Jacobite Rising 1745 67 The War of the Spanish Succession 1702–1713 68 The Peace of Utrecht 1713 69 The British Conquest of Canada 1758–1760 70 The British Empire 1763 71 The European Powers in India 1510–1775 72 The Revolt of the American Colonies 1774–1783 73 Agriculture 1700–1800 74 Industry 1715–1815 75 Transport 1760–1830 76 British Expansion in India 1775–1858 77 The War Against France 1793–1802 78 The War Against Napoleon1805–1812 79 The Peninsular War 1808–1814 80 The Defeat of Napoleon 1812–1815 81 The War Against the United States1812–1815 82 The British Empire 1820 83 Parliamentary Representation before 1832 84 Parliamentary Reform 1832 85 Ireland 1789–1861 86 Ireland 1880–1882 86 Labour Movements 1819–1910 87 Famine and Plague in India1866–1919 88 Railways 1825–1914 89 Britain in the Far East 1788–1914 90 Britain and China 1840–1945 91 Britain and France in Africa1876–1904 92 The Boer War 1899–1902 93 The Indian Empire in 1901 94 Britain and Russia in Central Asia 1870–1907 95 Strikes and Riots 1910–1912 96 Ireland 1914–1922 97 British Diplomacy 1904–1914 98 The First World War 1914–1918 99 The Western Front 1914–1918 100 Industrial Unrest 1920–1939 101 The British Empire 1920 102 Britain and the Middle East 1919–1967 103 Violence in India 1919–1947 104 Britain and Abyssinia 1935 105 Britain and Czechoslovakia 1938 105 British Diplomacy 1939 106 The German Threat to Britain 1939–1941 107 The Defeat of Germany 1942–1945 108 Britain and Japan at War 1941–1945 109 Britain and Europe 1945–1965 110 Britain in Africa 1947–1968 111 University Foundations 1264–1967 112 Britain 1945–1966 113 The British Commonwealth 1967 114 Colonies and Bases 1967 115 The Western Pacific Since 1945 116 Disasters, 1952–1992 117 The Queen and the Commonwealth, 1953–1992 118 Old Enemies, New Nations: State Visits, 1955–1992 119 Britain and Europe, 1957–1993 120 Northern Ireland, 1969–1993 121 Terrorism on the British Mainland, 1972–1992 122 Terrorism in London, 1973–1992 123 North Sea Gas and Oil Since 1967 124 Britain and the Pacific Ocean, 1968–1980 125 Asylum, 1985–1992 126 Ethnic Minorities, 1991 127 The Falkland Islands War, 1982 128 Britain, the Gulf War and its Aftermath, 1990–1993 129 Homelessness, 1977–1993 130 Homes for the Homeless, 1992–1993 131 Private Charity and Public Welfare, 1992 132 New Universities, 1992–1993 133 Britain's Principal Trading Partners, 1989 134 British Overseas Dependent Territories, 1993 135 The Royal Navy in 1992 136 British Forces Overseas, 1992–1993 137 Towards a Single European Market, October–December 1992 138 A Prime Minister's Journeys, 1990–1993 139 The Long–Term Unemployed, 1993 140 Muslims, Sikhs, Hindus, Jews and buddhists, 1993 141 Public Spending 1993–1994 142 Government Expenditure, 1999–2000 143 British Visitors Overseas, 2000: Europe 144 British Visitors Overseas, 2000: Europe 145 Visitors to Britain, 2000: From Europe 146 Visitors to Britain, 2000: Beyon Europe 147 United Kingdom Overseas Territories, 2002 148 British Armed Forces Overseas, 2002 149 Worldwide Citizens Obtaining Permission to Stay in Britain, 1997–2000 150 Non–European Union Citizens in Europe Given Permission to Stay in Britain, 2000 151 British Humanitarian Aid Overseas, 2000–2001 152 British Arms Exports to Countries with Internal Conflicts: 2001 153 Writers in Prison, Championed by English Pen 154 Britain's Muslims, 2002 155 United Kingdom Exports, Global, 2003 156 United Kingdom Exports, Europe, 2003 157 United Kingdom Imports, Global, 2003 158 United Kingdom Imports, Europe, 2003 159 The Defence Export Services Organisation 160 Principal British Arms Sales Overseas, 2004 161 United Kingdom Citizenship Applications Granted, 2004: Europe 162 United Kingdom Citizenship Applications Granted, 2004: Asia 163 United Kingdom Citizenship Applications Granted, 2004: Africa 164 United Kingdom Citizenship Applications Granted, 2004: Americas 165 The London Suicide Bombers, 7 July 2005 166 The London Suicide Bombers, 7 July 2005: Outside London 167 United Kingdom Citizenship Granted in 2005 168 Global Imports: Fresh Fruit and Vegetables on Sale in London 169 Government Expenditrure, 2005–2006 170 Home Towns of British Soldiers Killed in Iraq, 2003–2009 171 National Parks, the National Forest and the National memorial Arboretum, 1949–2010 172 Britain's Nuclear Power Stations, 1956–2010 173 Britain and Diego Garcia, 1964 – 2010 174 Northern Ireland: The troubles, 1968– 1998 175 Northern Ireland: Agreements and the Renewed Troubles, 2007–2010 177 Scottish Devolution, 1997–1999 178 Welsh Devolution, 1997–2007 179 British Participation in the NATO Kosovo Campaign, 1999 180 British Emergency Aid to Ethnic Albanian Refugees from kosovo, 1999 181 British Military Intervention in Sierra Leone, 2000 182 British Civilian Victims of Terror Attacks, 2001–2008 183 Seventy–Four Prime Ministerial Journeys, July 2007– March 2010 184 British Humanitarian Aid Overseas, 2008–2010 185 British Airports and their Passengers, 2008 186 The National Gardens Scheme: Gardens Open for Charity 187 United kingdom–Funded Projects in Southern Iraq, 2008–2009 188 Britons Being Held Abroad in Prison and Detention, March 2009 189 Foreign–Born Population of the United Kingdom, 2009: Countries of Origin, Numbers between 647,000 and 25,000 190 Foreign–Born Population of the United Kingdom, 2009: Countries of Origin, Numbers between 24,000 and 3,000 191 Home Towns of British Soldiers Killed in Afghanistan 2009 192 Home Towns of British Soldiers Killed in Afghanistan, 1 January 2010 – 31 December 2010 193 Places in Afghanistan Where British Soldiers were Killed, 1 January 2009 – 1 August 2010 192 Writers in Prison, Campioned by English Pen, 2010 195 British Service Personnel Killed in Action, 1945–2011 196 British Forces Overses, 2010 197 Previous Nationality of Immigrants Granted British Citizenship in 2009: Europe, Turkey and the Caucasus 198 Previous Nationality of Immigrants Granted British Citizenship in 2009: Asia and Oceania 199 Previous Nationality of Immigrants Granted British Citizenship in 2009: The Americas 200 Previous Nationality of Immigrants Granted British Citizenship in 2009: Africa 200 Off–Shore Wind Farms, 1991–2010 202 On–Shore Wind Farms, 2010: England 203 On–Shore Wind Farms, 2010: Scotland 204 On–Shore Wind Farms, 2010: Wales 205 On–Shore Wind Farms, 2010: Northern Ireland 206 Eco–Towns in Prospect, and in Jeopardy, 2010 207 First World War Sites and Museums in Britain, 2010 208 The British General Election of 6 May 2010 209 Proposed Government Expenditure and Receipts, 22 June 2010 210 Government Expenditure Cuts, 20 October 2010 211 The London Olympic Games, 2012: Sites in London 212 The evolving story of the British Isles forms the central theme of this fascinating and compelling atlas, which covers England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales - and the expansion and gradual disintegration of Britain's overseas empire. The new edition includes: politics, war and conflict, trade and industry, religion, society and economics, and immigration