مرز دانوب پایین رومی: نوآوری‌ها در نظریه و عمل

Over the past few decades, there has been a significant amount of research on the Roman Lower Danube frontier by international teams focusing on individual forts or broader landscape survey work; collectively, this volume represents the best of this collaboration with the aim of elevating the Lower Danube within broader Roman frontier scholarship. The Lower Danube, running between Singidunum (modern Belgrade) and Halmyris in the Danube Delta, was one of the most densely fortified regions of the Roman Empire. The region has long been a border zone, today forming part of the border between Serbia and Romania, and the majority of the border between Romania and Bulgaria. Despite its importance for understanding both Roman frontier policy and the relationship between ancient and modern borderscapes, the region has not yet made its full contribution to international Roman scholarship. Bridging the theoretical divide that exists between different regional research traditions, chapters in this volume focus on sites like Ratiaria, in modern north-western Bulgaria, while other contributors examine the complex landscape from a wider perspective oriented around roads, temporary camps, or early Christian sites. The Roman Lower Danube Frontier emphasises the importance of engaging with Roman frontier landscapes, particularly in regions such as East-Central Europe, where they remain part of a contemporary borderscape. Emily Hanscam is a Researcher in Archaeology at Linnaeus University, Sweden, associated with the UNESCO Chair for Heritage Futures, the LNU Centre for Concurrences and LNU Digital Transformations. She earned a PhD in Archaeology from Durham University (2019), researching Roman frontiers, archaeology and nationalism in East-Central Europe. She was previously a Lecturer in Archaeology for the University of Amsterdam and Project Manager for Archaeology at Halmyris, an international volunteer excavation project in Romania. She is co-editor of Digging Politics: The ancient past and contested present in East-Central Europe (De Gruyter, 2023). John Karavas is a graduate of the Universities of Oxford and Durham (PhD in Ancient History, 2001). His main areas of interest lie in the fields of Hellenistic and Roman History, Greek and Roman provincial archaeology (with a special interest in Roman frontiers) as well as ancient warfare. Over the years he has participated in many excavations in Serbia, Romania and Greece; between 2008–2020 he was the Director of Excavations at Halmyris, a Greek/Roman/Byzantine military and urban site on the Danube Delta in Romania. Since 2003, he has been a faculty member at the College Year in Athens Study Abroad Program (DIKEMES). Cover 1 Title Page 3 Copyright Page 4 Contents 7 List of Contributors 8 Researching the Romans on the Roman Lower Danube: Challenges and Opportunities 11 Ioana A. Oltean 11 The Lower Danube Limes: Recentring a Roman Frontier Province 15 John Karavas and Emily Hanscam 15 Modelling Forts and Landscapes in Scythia Minor 27 Nathaniel Durant 27 Roman Camps in the Lower Danube: From Remote Sensing to Provincial Contexts 50 Ovidiu Țentea and Florian Matei-Popescu 50 Roads and the Roman Landscape in Moesia Inferior 77 Adriana Panaite 77 Sanctified by the Blood of Martyrs: The Creation of New Sacred Loci in Scythia Minor During the Early Christian Period (4th Century AD) 103 Patrick Lowinger 103 Ratiaria: The Focal Point in the Western Part of Lower Danube Frontier 124 Zdravko Dimitrov 124 Reflections on the Importance of Studies on the Lower Danubian Limes 150 Piotr Dyczek 150 Back cover 168 Roman Archaeology,Roman Frontiers,Lower Danube Frontier,Moesia Inferior,Scythia Minor,Landscape Archaeology,Late Antiquity