روانشناسی شجاعت: تحقیقات مدرن درباره یک فضیلت باستانی (دهه رفتار)

Although courage has been widely celebrated throughout recorded history, social scientists are just beginning to explore this complex human strength. What is courage and can it be developed? What are the different types of courage? From the mundane to the most heroic feats, this book synthesizes recent advances in our understanding of the psychology of courageous actions and related prosocial behaviors. Twelve chapters examine the meaning of courage, basic research on the psychological mechanisms of courage, and practical applications of courage research to organizational leadership, military psychology, and society at large. This book will appeal to emotion researchers, social psychologists, positive psychologists, I/O psychologists, military psychologists, and graduate students in these areas. "We have always been drawn to stories of people acting with valor and intrigued to know why and, more important, how they do so. As psychotherapists, we heard daily accounts of people rising to the occasion to overcome adversity and improve their lives. The strength they demonstrated sounded like, looked like, and felt like courage. We each went to the literature in the early 2000s to learn more about this strength, and we each made the same discovery: most researchers did not examine everyday courage in their work. While philosophers have speculated about courage for centuries, the assembled psychological research on courage easily fits into a briefcase. But this situation is changing. A small but growing body of scholarly work now demystifies the courage that all people possess and call on in time of need. The contributors to this volume play an important role in the developing science of courage. Their chapters answer three fundamental questions about any new area of inquiry: What is it? How does it come about? How can understanding it improve individual lives, organizations, and society? Our purpose in addressing these questions goes beyond the academic: We hope to inspire psychologists and other behavioral and social scientists to consider courage in their work, whether it be basic research or applied practice"--Book. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) The philosophical roots of the concept of courage / by Daniel Putman Folk conceptualizations of courage / by Shane J. Lopez, Heather N. Rasmussen, William P. Skorupski, Kristin Koetting O'Byrne, Stephanie Petersen, and Ya-Ting Yang Defining the features of courage : a search for meaning / by Christopher R. Rate Is courage an accolade or a process? : a fundamental question for courage research by / Cynthia L. S. Pury and Charles B. Starkey Courage: a psychological perspective / by S. J. Rachman The courage to be authentic : empirical and existential perspectives / by Cooper Woodard The courageous mindset : a dynamic personality system approach to courage / by Sean T. Hannah, Patrick J. Sweeney, and Paul B. Lester What is moral courage? : definition, explication and classification of a complex construct / by Silvia Osswald, Tobias Greitemeyer, Peter Fischer, and Dieter Frey Courage in combat / by Dennis McGurk and Carl Andrew Castro Developing courage in followers : theoretical and applied perspectives / by Paul B. Lester, Gretchen R. Vogelgesang, Sean T. Hannah, and Ted Kimmey Understanding the role of courage in social life / by Monica C. Worline Conclusion The future of courage research / by Cynthia L. S. Pury, Shane J. Lopez, and Melinda Key-Robert. Contents......Page 9 Contributors......Page 11 Foreword......Page 13 Preface......Page 15 Introduction......Page 19 Part IWhat Is Courage?......Page 23 Chapter 1 Philosophical Roots of the Concept of Courage......Page 25 Chapter 2Folk Conceptualizations of Courage......Page 39 Chapter 3Defining the Features of Courage: A Search for Meaning......Page 63 Chapter 4Is Courage an Accolade or a Process? A Fundamental Question for Courage Research......Page 83 Part IIBasic Research and Theory......Page 105 Chapter 5Courage: A Psychological Perspective......Page 107 Chapter 6The Courage to Be Authentic: Empirical and Existential Perspectives......Page 125 Chapter 7The Courageous Mind-Set: A Dynamic Personality System Approach to Courage......Page 141 Chapter 8What Is Moral Courage? Definition, Explication, and Classification of a Complex Construct......Page 165 Part IIIApplied Research and Theory......Page 181 Chapter 9Courage in Combat......Page 183 Chapter 10Developing Courage in Followers: Theoretical and Applied Perspectives......Page 203 Chapter 11Understanding the Role of Courage in Social Life......Page 225 Part IVConclusion......Page 243 Chapter 12The Future of Courage Research......Page 245 Index......Page 253 About the Editors......Page 263 Contents 9 Contributors 11 Foreword 13 Preface 15 Introduction 19 Part I What Is Courage? 23 Chapter 1 Philosophical Roots of the Concept of Courage 25 Chapter 2 Folk Conceptualizations of Courage 39 Chapter 3 Defining the Features of Courage: A Search for Meaning 63 Chapter 4 Is Courage an Accolade or a Process? A Fundamental Question for Courage Research 83 Part II Basic Research and Theory 105 Chapter 5 Courage: A Psychological Perspective 107 Chapter 6 The Courage to Be Authentic: Empirical and Existential Perspectives 125 Chapter 7 The Courageous Mind-Set: A Dynamic Personality System Approach to Courage 141 Chapter 8 What Is Moral Courage? Definition, Explication, and Classification of a Complex Construct 165 Part III Applied Research and Theory 181 Chapter 9 Courage in Combat 183 Chapter 10 Developing Courage in Followers: Theoretical and Applied Perspectives 203 Chapter 11 Understanding the Role of Courage in Social Life 225 Part IV Conclusion 243 Chapter 12 The Future of Courage Research 245 Index 253 About the Editors 263