The Power Struggles Over The Post-neoliberal Social Security System Reforms In Venezuela And Ecuador 1st Ed. 2019

This book carries out a comparative analysis of the power struggles over the post-neoliberal social security reforms in Venezuela and Ecuador. The research breaks down why the social security system reform initiated by Hugo Chávez’ government in Venezuela has come down since its passing in 2002, whereas the social security system reform initiated by Rafael Correa’s government in Ecuador has come along in spite of the obstacles since 2007. All in all, the analysis determined that the struggles over the social security system reforms in both countries remarkably corresponded to each other with regard to their structural conditions, points of contention, and contending actors. In contrast, the analysis established substantial divergences regarding the ways in which the struggles over both reforms came about, due to the divergent development of the struggles for hegemony between government and opposition. These divergences finally brought about the indefinite stagnation of the reform in Venezuela and the advancement of subsequent partial reforms aimed at the universalization of social security in Ecuador. Quelle: Klappentext/Publiser Acknowledgements 6 Contents 7 Abbreviations 10 List of Tables 14 Prologue 16 Reference 18 1 Introduction 19 1.1 Research Structure 23 References 24 2 Theoretical and Methodological Approaches 26 2.1 Conceptual Definitions: Social Policy, Social Protection, Social Security, and Informal Labor 27 2.2 Theoretical Approaches in Social Policy Research 29 2.2.1 Democratic Approaches 30 2.2.2 Structural Approaches 32 2.2.3 Political Class Struggle Approaches 38 2.3 Reconceptualization of Social Policy in the Latin American Academia 44 2.4 Taking In the Good and Leaving Out the Bad: The Complementary Approach 46 2.4.1 Contextualization Based on the Poulantzian Approach 47 2.4.2 Operationalization Based on Political Class Struggle Approaches 50 2.5 Methodological Definitions 57 2.6 Research Cases Selection 60 2.7 Data Collection 61 2.8 Summary 62 References 64 3 Analysis of the Power Struggles over the Post-neoliberal Social Security System Reform in Venezuela 72 3.1 Contextualization of the Power Struggles over the Post-neoliberal Social Security System Reform 72 3.1.1 The History of Social Security in Venezuela 73 3.1.2 The Privatization of the Social Security System 74 3.1.3 The Subject of Social Security in the Electoral Campaign of Hugo Chávez for the Presidential Election of 1998 76 3.1.4 The Struggles over the Formulation and Passing of the Decree-Laws Suspending the Implementation of the LOSSSI 78 3.1.5 The Struggles over the Formulation and Passing of the Constitutional Articles Concerning Social Security 81 3.1.6 The Struggles over the Formulation and Passing of the LOSSSV 86 3.1.7 The (Non-)Implementation of the LOSSSV 105 3.2 Operationalization of the Power Struggles over the Post-neoliberal Social Security System Reform 114 3.2.1 Operationalization of the “Where” Question 115 3.2.2 Operationalization of the “What” Question 123 3.2.3 Operationalization of the “Who” Question 131 3.2.4 Operationalization of the “How” Question 143 3.3 Summary 164 References 171 4 Analysis of the Power Struggles over the Post-neoliberal Social Security System Reform in Ecuador 176 4.1 Contextualization of the Power Struggles over the Post-neoliberal Social Security System Reform 176 4.1.1 The History of Social Security in Ecuador 177 4.1.2 The Privatization of the Social Security System 179 4.1.3 The Subject of Social Security in the Electoral Campaign of Rafael Correa for the Presidential Election of 2006 183 4.1.4 The Struggles over the Formulation and Passing of the Constitutional Articles Concerning Social Security 185 4.1.5 The Struggles over the Formulation and Passing of the LRLSS 2009 and the LRLSS 2010 195 4.1.6 The Struggles over the Formulation of the LOSSSE and the Sanction of the LRLSS 2014 and the LOJL 202 4.2 Operationalization of the Power Struggles over the Post-neoliberal Social Security System Reform 210 4.2.1 Operationalization of the “Where” Question 211 4.2.2 Operationalization of the “What” Question 221 4.2.3 Operationalization of the “Who” Question 224 4.2.4 Operationalization of the “How” Question 236 4.3 Summary 254 References 261 5 Comparative Analysis of the Power Struggles over the Post-neoliberal Social Security System Reforms in Venezuela and Ecuador 266 5.1 Comparative Analysis Regarding the “Where” Question 266 5.2 Comparative Analysis Regarding the “What” Question 267 5.3 Comparative Analysis Regarding the “Who” Question 269 5.4 Comparative Analysis Regarding the “How” Question 272 5.5 Conclusions 274 5.6 Prospects of the Complementary Approach for the Analysis of Social Policy in Latin America and the Global South 283 Reference 284 Notes 285 Interviews 285 Newspapers, Magazines and Electronic Resources 287 References 291 Books, Journals and Documents 291 "This book carries out a comparative analysis of the power struggles over the post-neoliberal social security reforms in Venezuela and Ecuador. The research breaks down why the social security system reform initiated by Hugo Chávez' government in Venezuela has come down since its passing in 2002, whereas the social security system reform initiated by Rafael Correa's government in Ecuador has come along in spite of the obstacles since 2007. All in all, the analysis determined that the struggles over the social security system reforms in both countries remarkably corresponded to each other with regard to their structural conditions, points of contention, and contending actors. In contrast, the analysis established substantial divergences regarding the ways in which the struggles over both reforms came about, due to the divergent development of the struggles for hegemony between government and opposition. These divergences finally brought about the indefinite stagnation of the reform in Venezuela and the advancement of subsequent partial reforms aimed at the universalization of social security in Ecuador."-- Provided by publisher Front Matter ....Pages i-xix Introduction (Ezequiel Luis Bistoletti)....Pages 1-7 Theoretical and Methodological Approaches (Ezequiel Luis Bistoletti)....Pages 9-54 Analysis of the Power Struggles over the Post-neoliberal Social Security System Reform in Venezuela (Ezequiel Luis Bistoletti)....Pages 55-158 Analysis of the Power Struggles over the Post-neoliberal Social Security System Reform in Ecuador (Ezequiel Luis Bistoletti)....Pages 159-248 Comparative Analysis of the Power Struggles over the Post-neoliberal Social Security System Reforms in Venezuela and Ecuador (Ezequiel Luis Bistoletti)....Pages 249-267 Back Matter ....Pages 269-277