قدرت تخریب خلاق: آشفتگی اقتصادی و ثروت ملل

**From one of the world’s leading economists and his coauthors, a cutting-edge analysis of what drives economic growth and a blueprint for prosperity under capitalism.** Crisis seems to follow crisis. Inequality is rising, growth is stagnant, the environment is suffering, and the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed every crack in the system. We hear more and more calls for radical change, even the overthrow of capitalism. But the answer to our problems is not revolution. The answer is to create a better capitalism by understanding and harnessing the power of creative destruction―innovation that disrupts, but that over the past two hundred years has also lifted societies to previously unimagined prosperity. To explain, Philippe Aghion, Céline Antonin, and Simon Bunel draw on cutting-edge theory and evidence to examine today’s most fundamental economic questions, including the roots of growth and inequality, competition and globalization, the determinants of health and happiness, technological revolutions, secular stagnation, middle-income traps, climate change, and how to recover from economic shocks. They show that we owe our modern standard of living to innovations enabled by free-market capitalism. But we also need state intervention with the appropriate checks and balances to simultaneously foster ongoing economic creativity, manage the social disruption that innovation leaves in its wake, and ensure that yesterday’s superstar innovators don’t pull the ladder up after them to thwart tomorrow’s. A powerful and ambitious reappraisal of the foundations of economic success and a blueprint for change, __The Power of Creative Destruction__ shows that a fair and prosperous future is ultimately ours to make. The solution to inequality, environmental degradation, and other deficits of capitalism is better capitalism. The Power of Creative Destruction draws on cutting-edge research to argue that what we need today is not revolution but reform: pro-competitive policies that enable innovation while compensating for the disruption it causes. From one of the world's leading economists and his coauthors, a cutting-edge analysis of what drives economic growth and a blueprint for prosperity under capitalism. Crisis seems to follow crisis. Inequality is rising, growth is stagnant, the environment is suffering, and the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed every crack in the system. We hear more and more calls for radical change, even the overthrow of capitalism. But the answer to our problems is not revolution. The answer is to create a better capitalism by understanding and harnessing the power of creative destruction-innovation that disrupts, but that over the past two hundred years has also lifted societies to previously unimagined prosperity.To explain, Philippe Aghion, Cline Antonin, and Simon Bunel draw on cutting-edge theory and evidence to examine today's most fundamental economic questions, including the roots of growth and inequality, competition and globalization, the determinants of health and happiness, technological revolutions, secular stagnation, middle-income traps, climate change, and how to recover from economic shocks. They show that we owe our modern standard of living to innovations enabled by free-market capitalism. But we also need state intervention with the appropriate checks and balances to simultaneously foster ongoing economic creativity, manage the social disruption that innovation leaves in its wake, and ensure that yesterday's superstar innovators don't pull the ladder up after them to thwart tomorrow's. A powerful and ambitious reappraisal of the foundations of economic success and a blueprint for change, The Power of Creative Destruction shows that a fair and prosperous future is ultimately ours to make Hayek Book Prize Finalist An Economist Best Book of the Year A Foreign Affairs Best Book of the Year From one of the world's leading economists and his coauthors, a cutting-edge analysis of what drives economic growth and a blueprint for prosperity under capitalism. Crisis seems to follow crisis. Inequality is rising, growth is stagnant, the environment is suffering, and the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed every crack in the system. We hear more and more calls for radical change, even the overthrow of capitalism. But the answer to our problems is not revolution. The answer is to create a better capitalism by understanding and harnessing the power of creative destruction—innovation that disrupts, but that over the past two hundred years has also lifted societies to previously unimagined prosperity. To explain, Philippe Aghion, Céline Antonin, and Simon Bunel draw on cutting-edge theory and evidence to examine today's most fundamental economic questions, including the roots of growth and inequality, competition and globalization, the determinants of health and happiness, technological revolutions, secular stagnation, middle-income traps, climate change, and how to recover from economic shocks. They show that we owe our modern standard of living to innovations enabled by free-market capitalism. But we also need state intervention with the appropriate checks and balances to simultaneously foster ongoing economic creativity, manage the social disruption that innovation leaves in its wake, and ensure that yesterday's superstar innovators don't pull the ladder up after them to thwart tomorrow's. A powerful and ambitious reappraisal of the foundations of economic success and a blueprint for change, The Power of Creative Destruction shows that a fair and prosperous future is ultimately ours to make. Cover 1 Title Page 4 Copyright 5 Contents 6 Preface 8 1. A New Paradigm 12 2. The Enigma of Takeoffs 31 3. Should We Fear Technological Revolutions? 51 4. Is Competition a Good Thing? 66 5. Innovation, Inequality, and Taxation 86 6. The Secular Stagnation Debate 115 7. Convergence, Divergence, and the Middle-Income Trap 136 8. Can We Bypass Industrialization? 160 9. Green Innovation and Sustainable Growth 184 10. Innovation: Behind the Scenes 205 11. Creative Destruction, Health, and Happiness 224 12. Financing Creative Destruction 240 13. How to Manage Globalization 261 14. The Investor State and the Insurer State 283 15. Creative Destruction and the Golden Triangle 300 Conclusion: The Future of Capitalism 323 Notes 332 Acknowledgments 372 Index 374 A new paradigm -- The enigma of takeoffs -- Industrial revolutions: a blessing or a curse? -- Is competition a good thing? -- Innovation, inequality, and taxation -- The secular stagnation debate -- Convergence, divergence, and the middle-income trap -- Industrialization at all costs? -- Green innovation and sustainable growth -- Innovation: behind the scenes -- Creative destruction, health, and happiness -- Financing creative destruction -- How to manage globalization -- The emergence of the investor-state, then the insurer-state -- Creative destruction and the golden triangle -- Conclusion: The future of capitalism