The Political Psychology of Globalization : Muslims in the West

In an increasingly globalized world, there are new economic, strategic, cultural, and political forces at work. The Political Psychology of Globalization: Muslims in the West explores how these shifts and shocks have influenced the way in which Muslim minorities in western countries form their identities as political actors. Catarina Kinnvall and Paul Nesbitt-Larking uncover three identity strategies adopted by Muslims in the West: retreatism, essentialism, and engagement. Six western countries - Canada, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom - serve as places for exploration of the emergence of these Muslim political identities. These countries are discussed in light of their colonial histories, patterns of immigration, and citizenship regimes. Although retreatism, essentialism, and engagement occur in Muslim citizens of each of the six western nations discussed in this book, the countries that are best able to balance individual and community rights are most successful in promoting the politics of engagement. In contrast, regimes that focus on anti-terrorist legislation and discourses, and support majority political cultures that are exclusionary, also promote retreatism and essentialist identity strategies in both minority and majority communities. The authors discuss the importance of a climate of engagement that is based on recognition, dialogue, deep multiculturalism, a new global and "cosmopolitical" consciousness, and a sense of political identity that transcends national boundaries and regimes. Contents......Page 8 Acknowledgments......Page 10 1 Introduction......Page 14 Identities, Discourses, and Multiculturalism: The Political Psychology of Diasporas and Postdiasporas......Page 17 Cosmopolitical Considerations......Page 21 A Brief Overview of the Book......Page 23 PART I: Theorizing Citizenship, Integration, and Identities in Multicultural Settings......Page 30 2 Immigration and Citizenship Regimes in a Globalizing World......Page 32 Patterns of Immigration to the West: From Decolonization to Deconstruction......Page 33 Migrants, Diasporas, and Postdiasporas......Page 37 Patterns of Immigration and Regimes of Citizenship in Six Western Countries......Page 39 France......Page 41 The Netherlands......Page 42 The United Kingdom......Page 45 Denmark......Page 46 Sweden......Page 49 Canada......Page 50 Silence and Invisibility: Muslim Immigrants in the West to the End of the Cold War......Page 52 3 The Political Psychology of Integration and Assimilation......Page 60 Assimilation or Dispersal? Dealing with the Stranger Within......Page 67 Threats and the Postcolonial Order: The Emergence of “New Nationalism”......Page 71 Religion, Fundamentalism, and Defensive Essentialism......Page 74 The Heart of Darkness: Gender and the Veil......Page 80 From Essentialism Toward a Politics of Engagement......Page 84 The Meanings of Multiculturalism......Page 86 The Politics of Dialogue......Page 89 Beyond Cosmopolitanism: Postcolonialism and the Cosmopolitical Orientation......Page 96 Danger and Opportunity: Living in a Global World......Page 103 PART II: Challenges and Identity Crises: Muslims in the West......Page 108 5 The Politics of Retreatism......Page 110 France......Page 111 The Netherlands......Page 114 The United Kingdom......Page 116 Denmark......Page 120 Sweden......Page 124 Canada......Page 128 Conclusion......Page 133 Essentialism as an Identity Strategy......Page 134 France......Page 135 The Netherlands......Page 139 The United Kingdom......Page 143 Denmark......Page 149 Sweden......Page 157 Canada......Page 164 Conclusion......Page 168 Engagement as an Identity Strategy......Page 171 France......Page 172 The Netherlands......Page 176 The United Kingdom......Page 179 Denmark......Page 182 Sweden......Page 187 Canada......Page 191 Conclusion: The Case for Engagement......Page 196 8 Conclusion......Page 198 References......Page 208 C......Page 228 D......Page 229 E......Page 230 F......Page 231 I......Page 232 L......Page 233 N......Page 234 P......Page 235 S......Page 236 U......Page 237 Z......Page 238 In an increasingly globalized world, there are new economic, strategic, cultural, and political forces at work. IThe Political Psychology of Globalization: Muslims in the West/I explores how these shifts and shocks have influenced the way in which Muslim minorities in western countries form their identities as political actors. Catarina Kinnvall and Paul Nesbitt-Larking uncover three identity strategies adopted by Muslims in the West: retreatism, essentialism, and engagement. Six western countries - Canada, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom - serve as places for exploration of the emergence of these Muslim political identities. These countries are discussed in light of their colonial histories, patterns of immigration, and citizenship regimes. Although retreatism, essentialism, and engagement occur in Muslim citizens of each of the six western nations discussed in this book, the countries that are best able to balance individual and community rights are most successful in promoting the politics of engagement. In contrast, regimes that focus on anti-terrorist legislation and discourses, and support majority political cultures that are exclusionary, also promote retreatism and essentialist identity strategies in both minority and majority communities. The authors discuss the importance of a climate of engagement that is based on recognition, dialogue, deep multiculturalism, a new global and'cosmopolitical'consciousness, and a sense of political identity that transcends national boundaries and regimes. In An Increasingly Globalized World, There Are New Economic Strategic, Cultural, And Political Forces At Work. This Book Explores How These Shifts And Shocks Have Influenced The Way In Which Muslim Minorities In Western Countries Form Their Identities As Political Actors. Catarina Kinnvall, Paul Nesbitt-larking. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.