The Oxford Handbook of Reproductive Ethics (Oxford Handbooks)

Intimate and medicalized, natural and technological, reproduction poses some of the most challenging ethical dilemmas of our time. Reproduction presses the boundaries of humanity and ethical respect, the permissible limits of technology, conscientious objection by health care professionals, and social justice. This volume brings together scholars from multiple perspectives to address both traditional and novel questions about the rights and responsibilities of human reproducers, their caregivers, and the societies in which they live. Among issues treated in the volume are what it is to be a parent, the responsibilities of parents, and the role of society in facilitating or discouraging parenting. May gamete donors be anonymous? Is surrogacy in which a woman gestates a child for others ethically permissible when efforts are made to prevent coercion or exploitation? Should it be mandatory to screen newborns for potentially serious conditions, or permissible to sequence their genomes? Are both parties to a reproductive act equally responsible to support the child, even if one deceived the other? Are there ethical asymmetries between male and female parents, and is the lack of available contraceptives for men unjust? Should the costs of infertility treatment be socially shared, as they are for other forms of health care? Do parents have a duty to try to conceive children under the best circumstances they can-or to avoid conception if the child will suffer? What is the status of the fetus and what ethical limits constrain the use of fetal tissue? Reproduction is a rapidly changing medical field, with novel developments such as mitochondrial transfer or uterine transplantation occurring regularly. And there are emerging natural challenges, too, with Zika virus just the latest. The volume gives readers tools not only to address the problems we now know, but ones that may emerge in the future as well. -- Provided by publisher Cover The Oxford Handbook of Reproductive Ethics Copyright Contents Biographical Sketches Introduction Part I Society 1. The Discursive Context of Reproductive Ethics 2. Access to Basic Reproductive Rights: Global Challenges 3. Constructing the Abortion Argument 4. Victims of Trafficking, Reproductive Rights, and Asylum 5. The Commodification of Women’s Reproductive Tissue and Services 6. Twenty-​First-​Century Eugenics 7. Procreative Rights in a Postcoital World 8. Reproduction as a Civil Right part II Providers 9. Conscientious Objection in Reproductive Health 10. The Role of Providers in Assisted Reproduction: Potential Conflicts, Professional Conscience, and Personal Choice 11. Ethical Issues in Newborn Screening part III Parents 12. How We Acquire Parental Rights 13. Mothers and Others: Relational Autonomy in Parenting 14. Procreators’ Duties: Sexual Asymmetries 15. Reproductive Control for Men: For Men? 16. Societal Disregard for the Needs of the Infertile 17. Is Surrogacy Ethically Problematic? 18. Parents with Disabilities 19. Late-​in-​Life Motherhood: Ethico-​Legal Perspectives on the Postponement of Childbearing and Access to Artificial Reproductive Technologies 20. Justice, Procreation, and the Costs of Having and Raising Disabled Children 21. Ethical Issues in the Evolving Realm of Egg Donation 22. Sperm and Egg Donor Anonymity: Legal and Ethical Issues 23. Who Am I When I’m Pregnant? part IV Last but Not Least: Zygote, Blastocyst, Embryo, Fetus, Newborn 24. Contemplating the Start of Someone 25. The Possibility of Being Harmed by One’s Own Conception 26. Understanding Procreative Beneficence 27. Opting for Twins in In Vitro Fertilization: What Does Procreative Responsibility Require? 28. Procreative Responsibility in View of What Parents Owe Their Children Index Reproductive ethics poses many of the most controversial issues of our time. Questions about the roles, rights, and responsibilities of parents force us to think about individual autonomy, the nature of the family, and relationships between private institutions and the state. And reproduction is not only about procreators but raises deeply divisive issues about gametes, embryos, fetal issue, and the moral status of the fetus or newborn child. This volume boldly addresses these and other issues, grounding their treatment in careful and reasoned philosophical analysis. To take just a few of the questions in the volume: Is reproductive care a human right? Should infertility treatment be provided from socially shared resources? Is abortion ethically permissible and, if so, in what circumstances? This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online