The Oxford Handbook of European History, 1914-1945 (Oxford Handbooks)

The period spanning the two World Wars was unquestionably the most catastrophic in Europe's history. Despite such undeniably progressive developments as the radical expansion of women's suffrage and rising health standards, the era was dominated by political violence and chronic instability. Its symbols were Verdun, Guernica, and Auschwitz. By the end of this dark period, tens of millions of Europeans had been killed and more still had been displaced and permanently traumatized. If the nineteenth century gave Europeans cause to regard the future with a sense of optimism, the early twentieth century had them anticipating the destruction of civilization. The fact that so many revolutions, regime changes, dictatorships, mass killings, and civil wars took place within such a compressed time frame suggests that Europe experienced a general crisis. Indeed in the early 1940s both Charles de Gaulle and Winston Churchill referred to a "thirty years war". Why did so many crises rage across the continent from 1914 until the end of the Second World War? Why did the winds of destruction affect some regions more than others? 'The Oxford handbook of European history, 1914-1945' reconsiders the most significant features of this calamitous age from a transnational perspective. It demonstrates the degree to which national experiences were intertwined with those of other nations, and how each crisis was implicated in wider regional, continental, and global developments. Readers will find innovative and stimulating chapters on various political, social, and economic subjects by some of the leading scholars working on modern European history today Introduction : Europe's Age Of Catastrophe In Context / Nicholas Doumanis -- Belle époque : Europe Before 1914 / Alan Sked -- Societies At War, 1914-1918 / Stefan Goebel -- Total War : Family, Community, And Identity During The First World War / Tammy M. Proctor -- The Left And The Revolutions / David Priestland -- The Economics Of Total War And Reconstruction, 1914-1922 / Matthias Blum And Jari Eloranta -- The New Diplomacy And The New Europe, 1916-1922 / Alan Sharp -- Nation States, Minorities, And Refugees, 1914-1923 / Ryan Gingeras -- Remaking Europe After The First World War / Conan Fischer -- The Great Depression In Europe / Roger Middleton -- 'a Low Dishonest Decade'? War And Peace In The 1930s / Anthony Adamthwaite -- Interwar Crises And Europe's Unfinished Empires / Matthew G. Stanard -- Rural Society In Crisis / Laird Boswell -- Interwar Democracy And The League Of Nations / Andrea Orzoff -- The Political 'left' In The Interwar Period, 1924-1939 / Pamela Radcliff --^ Fascism And The Right In Interwar Europe : Interaction, Entanglement, Hybridity / Aristotle Kallis -- Social Policy, Welfare, And Social Identities, 1900-1950 / Julia Moses -- Discipline, Terror, And The State / Paul M. Hagenloh -- The Nationalization Of The Masses / Roger D. Markwick And Nicholas Doumanis -- Political Violence And Mass Society : A European Civil War? / Mary Vincent -- European Sexualities In The Age Of Total War / Dagmar Herzog -- 'america' And Europe, 1914-1945 / David W. Ellwood -- European Integration, Human Rights, And Romantic Internationalism / Marco Duranti -- Wartime Economies, 1939-1945 : Large And Small European States At War / Jeremy Land And Jari Eloranta -- Axis Imperialism In The Second World War / Shelley Baranowski -- Everyday Life In Wartime Europe / Christoph Mick -- The Holocaust In European History / Mark Roseman -- Europe's Civil Wars, 1941-1949 / Aviel Roshwald -- Nation-building And Moving People / Alexander V. Prusin --^ Europe, The War, And The Colonial World / Martin Thomas -- Power Relations During The Transition From Nazi To Post-nazi Rule / Gareth Pritchard -- The Memory Of Europe's Age Of Catastrophe, 1914-2014 / Ben Mercer. Edited By Nicholas Doumanis. Series From Jacket. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Cover THE OXFORD HANDBOOK OF EUROPEAN HISTORY, 1914–.1945 Copyright Contents List of Contributors Introduction: Europe’s Age of Catastrophe in Context Part I Europe and the First World War 1. Belle Époque: Europe before 1914 2. Societies at War, 1914–.1918 3. Total War: Family, Community, and Identity during the First World War 4. The Left and the Revolutions 5. The Economics of Total War and Reconstruction, 1914–.1922 Part II Recasting Europe, c.1917–.1924 6. The New Diplomacy and the New Europe, 1916–.1922 7. Nation States, Minorities, and Refugees, 1914–.1923 8. Remaking Europe after the First World War Part III Interwar Europe and the Wider World 9. The Great Depression in Europe 10. ‘A Low Dishonest Decade’? War and Peace in the 1930s 11. Interwar Crises and Europe’s Unfinished Empires Part IV Politics, Society, and Ideology between the Wars 12. Rural Society in Crisis 13. Interwar Democracy and the League of Nations 14. The Political ‘Left’ in the Interwar Period, 1924–.1939 15. Fascism and the Right in Interwar Europe: Interaction, Entanglement, Hybridity 16. Social Policy, Welfare, and Social Identities, 1900–.1950 17. Discipline, Terror, and the State Part V Themes 18. The Nationalization of the Masses 19. Political Violence and Mass Society: A European Civil War? 20. European Sexualities in the Age of Total War 21. ‘America’ and Europe, 1914–.1945 22. European Integration, Human Rights, and Romantic Internationalism Part VI Europe and the Second World War 23. Wartime Economies, 1939–.1945: Large and Small European States at War 24. Axis Imperialism in the Second World War 25. Everyday Life in Wartime Europe 26. The Holocaust in European History 27. Europe’s Civil Wars, 1941–.1949 Part VII Recasting Europe, Again 28. Nation-Building and Moving People 29. Europe, the War, and the Colonial World 30. Power Relations during the Transition from Nazi to Post-.Nazi Rule 31. The Memory of Europe’s Age of Catastrophe, 1914–.2014 Index A comprehensive and international approach to the history of one of the most significant periods of European history, covering both world wars and the years between. This Handbook explores how each crisis of this period had consequences in wider regional, continental, and global developments.