The Oxford Handbook of AI Governance (Oxford Handbooks)

As the capabilities of Artificial Intelligence (AI) have increased over recent years, so have the challenges of how to govern its usage. Consequently, prominent stakeholders across academia, government, industry, and civil society have called for states to devise and deploy principles, innovative policies, and best practices to regulate and oversee these increasingly powerful AI tools. Developing a robust AI governance system requires extensive collective efforts throughout the world. It also raises old questions of politics, democracy, and administration, but with the new challenges posed by AI's growing influence on markets, governing structures, international relations, healthcare, science, and political activism. The Oxford Handbook of AI Governance delineates the scope of these issues and addresses the key questions of AI governance. Across forty-nine chapters, organized in nine major sections, the Handbook covers the theoretical and ethical foundations of AI governance, different frameworks for developing a governance structure for AI, practical perspectives on AI governance in different policy domains, economic analyses of AI governance, and concrete lessons about the impact of AI governance domestically and internationally. Chapter authors come from a wide set of disciplines, areas of study, and cultural backgrounds, providing a global perspective on AI governance. Cover The Oxford Handbook of AI Governance Copyright Contents List of Contributors Introduction Section I: Introduction and Overview 1. AI Governance: Overview and Theoretical Lenses 2. AI Challenges for Society and Ethics 3. Aligned with Whom? Direct and Social Goals for AI Systems 4. The Impact of Artificial Intelligence: A Historical Perspective 5. AI Governance Multi-​Stakeholder Convening Section II: Value Foundations of AI Governance 6. Fairness 7. Governing Privacy 8. The Concept of Accountability in AI Ethics and Governance 9. Governance via Explainability 10. Power and AI: Nature and Justification 11. AI and Structural Injustice: Foundations for Equity, Values, and Responsibility 12. Beyond Justice: Artificial Intelligence and the Value of Community Section III: Developing an AI Governance Regulatory Ecosystem 13. Transnational Digital Governance and Its Impact on Artificial Intelligence 14. Standing Up a Regulatory Ecosystem for Governing AI Decision-Making: Principles and Components 15. Legal Elements of an AI Regulatory Permit Program 16. AI Loyalty by Design: A Framework for Governance of AI 17. Information Markets and AI Development 18. Aligning AI Regulation to Sociotechnical Change Section IV: Frameworks and Approaches for AI Governance 19. The Challenge of AI Governance for Public Organizations 20. An Ecosystem Framework of AI Governance 21. Governing AI Systems for Public Values: Design Principles and a Process Framework 22. System Safety and Artificial Intelligence Section V: Assessment and Implementation of AI Governance 23. Assessing Automated Administration 24. Transparency’s Role in AI Governance 25. The Anatomy of AI Audits: Form, Process, and Consequences 26. Mitigating Algorithmic Biases through Incentive-​Based Rating Systems 27. Role and Governance of Artificial Intelligence in the Public Policy Cycle Section VI: AI Governance from the Ground Up (Views from the Public, Impacted Communities, and Activists within the Tech Community) 28. Public Opinion Toward Artificial Intelligence 29. Adding Complexity to Advance AI Organizational Governance Models 30. The Role of Workers in AI Ethics and Governance 31. Structured Access: An Emerging Paradigm for Safe AI Deployment 32. AI, Complexity, and Regulation Section VII: Economic Dimensions of AI Governance 33. Technological Unemployment 34. Harms of AI 35. AI and the Economic and Informational Foundations of Democracy 36. Governing AI to Advance Shared Prosperity 37. Preparing for the (Non-​Existent?) Future of Work Section VIII: Domestic Policy Applications of AI 38. Artificial Intelligence for Adjudication: The Social Security Administration and AI Governance 39. Watching the Watchtower: A Surveillance AI Analysis and Framework 40. Smart City Technologies: A Political Economy Introduction to Their Governance Challenges 41. Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare 42. AI, Fintech, and the Evolving Regulation of Consumer Financial Privacy Section IX: International Politics and AI Governance 43. Dueling Perspectives in AI and U.S.–​China Relations: Technonationalism vs. Technoglobalism 44. Mapping State Participation in Military AI Governance Discussions 45. AI, the International Balance of Power, and National Security Strategy 46. The Ghost of AI Governance Past, Present, and Future: AI Governance in the European Union 47. AI and International Politics 48. The Critical Roles of Global South Stakeholders in AI Governance 49. NATO’s Role in Responsible AI Governance in Military Affairs Index