The Origins of Radical Criminology, Volume III : From Middle Ages to Renaissance

"In this important contribution, Stratos Georgoulas offers a comprehensive and in-depth exploration of the origins of critical criminology. Rarely do traditional textbooks cover this material in enough depth for readers to truly understand the historical developments of criminology. Georgoulas conveys his innovative review in a fascinating way that takes the reader into new realms rarely visited in criminology. Students and scholars alike will gain invaluable insights and engage with the rich history presented here." - Chad Posick, Associate Professor of Criminal Justice & Criminology, Georgia Southern University, USA "The Origins of Radical Criminology is a major work. In its three volumes published so far, Stratos Georgoulas conducts a genealogical tour de force against the criminological hegemony that shapes our worldview; a truly critical exercise that, by definition, can only achieve its goal from a radical approach. And so it does, to remind us that the history of resistance is as long and diverse as the history of the powers they must confront, and that the fight goes on." - Daniel Jiménez-Franco, Coordinator of the European Group for the Study of Deviance & Social Control, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain This book critically explores the development of radical criminological thought through the social, political and cultural history of the Middle Ages to the Renaissance. It follows on from the previous volume which examined Classical Greece until the emergence of the early Christian movement in the Roman empire. Through separate chapters, it discusses the key literature (myths, fairy tales and Shakespeare), religions and philosophers of the era, and the development of early radical views and issues over time. This book examines the links between the origins of radical criminology and its future. It speaks to those interested in the (pre)history of criminology and the historical production of criminological knowledge, drawing on Criminology, Sociology, Classics, History, Philosophy, Ancient Literature and Politics. Stratos Georgoulas is Professor and Deputy Head of the Department of Sociology at the University of the Aegean, Greece. He is recognized in the scientific field of Critical Criminology, winning international awards for teaching in the USA (Fulbright), Canada, Slovakia, Syria, Jordan and Palestine "In this important contribution, Stratos Georgoulas offers a comprehensive and in-depth exploration of the origins of critical criminology. Rarely do traditional textbooks cover this material in enough depth for readers to truly understand the historical developments of criminology. Georgoulas conveys his innovative review in a fascinating way that takes the reader into new realms rarely visited in criminology. Students and scholars alike will gain invaluable insights and engage with the rich history presented here." - Chad Posick, Associate Professor of Criminal Justice & Criminology, Georgia Southern University, USA "The Origins of Radical Criminology is a major work. In its three volumes published so far, Stratos Georgoulas conducts a genealogical tour de force against the criminological hegemony that shapes our worldview; a truly critical exercise that, by definition, can only achieve its goal from a radical approach. And so it does, to remind us that the history of resistance is as long and diverse as the history of the powers they must confront, and that the fight goes on." - Daniel Jiménez-Franco, Coordinator of the European Group for the Study of Deviance & Social Control, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain This book critically explores the development of radical criminological thought through the social, political and cultural history of the Middle Ages to the Renaissance. It follows on from the previous volume which examined Classical Greece until the emergence of the early Christian movement in the Roman empire. Through separate chapters, it discusses the key literature (myths, fairy tales and Shakespeare), religions and philosophers of the era, and the development of early radical views and issues over time. This book examines the links between the origins of radical criminology and its future. It speaks to those interested in the (pre)history of criminology and the historical production of criminological knowledge, drawing on Criminology, Sociology, Classics, History, Philosophy, Ancient Literature and Politics. Stratos Georgoulas is Professor and Deputy Head of the Department of Sociology at the University of the Aegean, Greece. He is recognized in the scientific field of Critical Criminology, winning international awards for teaching in the USA (Fulbright), Canada, Slovakia, Syria, Jordan and Palestine Foreword 5 Contents 12 1 Introduction 15 References 35 2 A Social History of the Common Medieval European Area 36 References 62 3 Medieval Philosophy 64 1 Augustine 66 2 (Pseudo)-Dionysius of Areopagite 70 3 John Scotus Eriugena or Johannes Scotus Erigena or John the Scot 72 4 Giacomo Bonaventura 74 5 Islam and Arab Philosophers 75 6 Thomas Aquinas 78 7 John Duns Scotus 83 8 The School of Chartres and John of Salisbury 84 9 Roger Bacon 86 10 Henry of Ghent 87 11 William of Ockham or Venerabilis Inceptor 87 12 Nicholas of Autrecourt 91 13 Azonne of Bologna or Azzo or Azolenus 93 14 Bartolus de Saxoferrato 94 15 Marsilius of Padua 95 References 96 4 Byzantine Thought 97 1 The Justinian Code or Codex Justinianus or Corpus Juris Civilis (“Body of Civil Law”) 99 2 The Isaurian Dynasty 100 3 The Macedonian Dynasty 100 4 The Late Byzantine Era 101 5 The Paulicians 106 6 The Bogomils 107 7 John Italos (or Italus) 109 8 Georgios Gemistus Pletho 110 References 113 5 From Humanism to the Dawn of a New Age 114 1 Lutheran Groups, the Reformation, and the Holy Inquisition 115 2 Giordano Bruno 116 3 Byzantine Philosophers: Barlaam and Petrarch 117 4 Renaissance Historians 118 5 Valla 121 6 Gianfrancesco Pico Della Mirandola (1469–1533) 122 7 Jean Luis Vives and Bernardino Telesio 123 8 Gerolamo Cardano 123 9 Nizolio 124 10 Zabarella 125 11 Niccolò Machiavelli 126 12 The Seventeenth Century: Science and Positivism 127 References 131 6 Utopias 132 References 147 7 Myths and Fairy Tales 149 1 Robin Hood 152 2 William Wallace and Rob Roy MacGregor 153 3 Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar or El Cid 154 4 Female Figures: Genevieve, Lady Godiva, Bluebeard’s Wife, and Pope Joan 155 5 Digenis Akritas 156 6 Demotic Songs: “Kleftic” Songs and Kleftarmatoloi 157 7 Satirical Heroes 159 8 Karagiozis or Karaghiozis (Turkish: Karagöz, “Dark Eye”) 160 References 163 8 Literature 165 1 England: Chaucer and Shakespeare 166 2 Italy: Dante Alighieri and Giovanni Boccaccio 176 References 191 9 A Dialogue with Historical Criminology 193 References 208 Index 211