The Nisargadatta Ultimatum

The eighth edition of White's Fluid Mechanics offers students a clear and comprehensive presentation of the material that demonstrates the progression from physical concepts to engineering applications and helps students quickly see the practical importance of fluid mechanics fundamentals. The wide variety of topics gives instructors many options for their course and is a useful resource to students long after graduation. The book's unique problem-solving approach is presented at the start of the book and carefully integrated in all examples. Students can progress from general ones to those involving design, multiple steps and computer usage. Cover......Page 2 Title Page......Page 5 Copyright Page......Page 6 About the Author......Page 7 Contents......Page 9 Preface......Page 13 1.1 Preliminary Remarks......Page 19 1.2 The Concept of a Fluid......Page 20 1.3 The Fluid as a Continuum......Page 22 1.4 Dimensions and Units......Page 23 1.6 Thermodynamic Properties of a Fluid......Page 31 1.7 Viscosity and Other Secondary Properties......Page 39 1.9 Flow Patterns: Streamlines, Streaklines, and Pathlines......Page 55 1.11 The History of Fluid Mechanics......Page 59 Summary......Page 60 Problems......Page 61 Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Problems......Page 68 Comprehensive Problems......Page 69 References......Page 72 2.1 Pressure and Pressure Gradient......Page 75 2.2 Equilibrium of a Fluid Element......Page 77 2.3 Hydrostatic Pressure Distributions......Page 78 2.4 Application to Manometry......Page 85 2.5 Hydrostatic Forces on Plane Surfaces......Page 88 2.6 Hydrostatic Forces on Curved Surfaces......Page 96 2.7 Hydrostatic Forces in Layered Fluids......Page 99 2.8 Buoyancy and Stability......Page 101 2.9 Pressure Distribution in Rigid-Body Motion......Page 107 2.10 Pressure Measurement......Page 115 Problems......Page 119 Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Problems......Page 142 Comprehensive Problems......Page 143 Design Projects......Page 145 References......Page 146 3.1 Basic Physical Laws of Fluid Mechanics......Page 149 3.2 The Reynolds Transport Theorem......Page 153 3.3 Conservation of Mass......Page 160 3.4 The Linear Momentum Equation......Page 165 3.5 Frictionless Flow: The Bernoulli Equation......Page 179 3.6 The Angular Momentum Theorem......Page 188 3.7 The Energy Equation......Page 194 Problems......Page 205 Word Problems......Page 232 Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Problems......Page 233 Comprehensive Problems......Page 234 References......Page 235 Chapter 4 Differential Relations for Fluid Flow......Page 237 4.1 The Acceleration Field of a Fluid......Page 238 4.2 The Differential Equation of Mass Conservation......Page 240 4.3 The Differential Equation of Linear Momentum......Page 246 4.4 The Differential Equation of Angular Momentum......Page 253 4.5 The Differential Equation of Energy......Page 254 4.6 Boundary Conditions for the Basic Equations......Page 257 4.7 The Stream Function......Page 262 4.8 Vorticity and Irrotationality......Page 269 4.9 Frictionless Irrotational Flows......Page 271 4.10 Some Illustrative Incompressible Viscous Flows......Page 277 Problems......Page 285 Word Problems......Page 296 Comprehensive Problems......Page 297 References......Page 298 5.1 Introduction......Page 301 5.2 The Principle of Dimensional Homogeneity......Page 304 5.3 The Pi Theorem......Page 310 5.4 Nondimensionalization of the Basic Equations......Page 320 5.5 Modeling and Similarity......Page 329 Problems......Page 341 Word Problems......Page 349 Comprehensive Problems......Page 350 Design Projects......Page 351 References......Page 352 6.1 Reynolds Number Regimes......Page 355 6.2 Internal versus External Viscous Flows......Page 360 6.3 Head Loss-The Friction Factor......Page 363 6.4 Laminar Fully Developed Pipe Flow......Page 365 6.5 Turbulence Modeling......Page 367 6.6 Turbulent Pipe Flow......Page 374 6.7 Four Types of Pipe Flow Problems......Page 382 6.8 Flow in Noncircular Ducts......Page 387 6.9 Minor or Local Losses in Pipe Systems......Page 396 6.10 Multiple-Pipe Systems......Page 405 6.11 Experimental Duct Flows: Diffuser Performance......Page 411 6.12 Fluid Meters......Page 416 Summary......Page 437 Problems......Page 438 Word Problems......Page 456 Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Problems......Page 457 Comprehensive Problems......Page 458 References......Page 460 7.1 Reynolds Number and Geometry Effects......Page 465 7.2 Momentum Integral Estimates......Page 469 7.3 The Boundary Layer Equations......Page 472 7.4 The Flat-Plate Boundary Layer......Page 475 7.5 Boundary Layers with Pressure Gradient......Page 484 7.6 Experimental External Flows......Page 490 Summary......Page 517 Problems......Page 518 Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Problems......Page 531 Comprehensive Problems......Page 532 References......Page 533 8.1 Introduction and Review......Page 537 8.2 Elementary Plane Flow Solutions......Page 540 8.3 Superposition of Plane Flow Solutions......Page 547 8.4 Plane Flow Past Closed-Body Shapes......Page 553 8.5 Other Plane Potential Flows......Page 563 8.6 Images......Page 567 8.7 Airfoil Theory......Page 570 8.8 Axisymmetric Potential Flow......Page 578 8.9 Numerical Analysis......Page 584 Problems......Page 593 Comprehensive Problems......Page 604 Design Projects......Page 605 References......Page 606 9.1 Introduction: Review of Thermodynamics......Page 609 9.2 The Speed of Sound......Page 614 9.3 Adiabatic and Isentropic Steady Flow......Page 616 9.4 Isentropic Flow with Area Changes......Page 622 9.5 The Normal Shock Wave......Page 629 9.6 Operation of Converging and Diverging Nozzles......Page 637 9.7 Compressible Duct Flow with Friction......Page 642 9.8 Frictionless Duct Flow with Heat Transfer......Page 653 9.9 Mach Waves and Oblique Shock Waves......Page 658 9.10 Prandtl-Meyer Expansion Waves......Page 668 Summary......Page 680 Problems......Page 681 Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Problems......Page 694 Comprehensive Problems......Page 695 Design Projects......Page 696 References......Page 697 10.1 Introduction......Page 699 10.2 Uniform Flow; The Chézy Formula......Page 705 10.3 Efficient Uniform-Flow Channels......Page 711 10.4 Specific Energy; Critical Depth......Page 713 10.5 The Hydraulic Jump......Page 720 10.6 Gradually Varied Flow......Page 724 10.7 Flow Measurement and Control by Weirs......Page 732 Summary......Page 739 Problems......Page 740 Comprehensive Problems......Page 752 References......Page 754 11.1 Introduction and Classification......Page 757 11.2 The Centrifugal Pump......Page 760 11.3 Pump Performance Curves and Similarity Rules......Page 766 11.4 Mixed- and Axial-Flow Pumps: The Specific Speed......Page 776 11.5 Matching Pumps to System Characteristics......Page 783 11.6 Turbines......Page 791 Summary......Page 805 Problems......Page 807 Comprehensive Problems......Page 820 References......Page 822 Appendix A Physical Properties of Fluids......Page 824 Appendix B Compressible Flow Tables......Page 829 Appendix C Conversion Factors......Page 836 Appendix D Equations of Motion in Cylindrical Coordinates......Page 838 Appendix E Estimating Uncertainty in Experimental Data......Page 840 Answers to Selected Problems......Page 842 Index......Page 849 "White's Fluid Mechanics offers students a clear and comprehensive presentation of the material that demonstrates the progression from physical concepts to engineering applications and helps students quickly see the practical importance of fluid mechanics fundamentals. The wide variety of topics gives instructors many options for their course and is a useful resource to students long after graduation. The book's unique problem-solving approach is presented at the start of the book and carefully integrated in all examples. Students can progress from general ones to those involving design, multiple steps and computer usage."--Amazon.com