The new sound of Indo-European essays in phonological reconstruction : [proceedings of a workshop held during the Seventh International congress on historical linguistics held Sept. 9-13, 1985 at the University of Pavia

TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks as well as studies that provide new insights by building bridges to neighbouring fields such as neuroscience and cognitive science. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing. Preface 9 List of Contributors 15 I. Opening remarks 17 Comments on reconstructions in historical linguistics 19 Reconstruction and historical linguistics [Discussion of Koerner’s paper] 33 II. Laryngeal Theory 37 The nature of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals 39 The Laryngeal Theory and the phonology of Prehistoric Greek 51 Laryngeal metathesis: An Aryan peculiarity? 59 Against a Proto-Indo-European phoneme *a 69 Monophthongizations: More plausible than laryngeals! 83 Discussions of papers on Laryngeal Theory 91 On (the nature of) Proto-Indo-European laryngeals [Discussion of Bammesberger’s and Beekes’s papers] 93 Remarks on R. S. P. Beekes, ‘The nature of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals’ 97 III. Glottalic Theory 99 Historical Italic phonology in typological perspective 101 Lachmann’s law 119 Phonological and morphological consequences of the ‘Glottalic Theory’ 123 Language typology and Indo-European reconstruction 133 Sound change typology and the ‘Ejective Model’ 139 Neue Forschungen zur germanischen Lautverschiebung – ein Fall von Paradigmenwechsel? 153 Die Tenues Aspiratae: Dreiteilung oder Vierteilung des indogermanischen Plosivsystems und die Konsequenzen dieser Frage für die Chronologie einer Glottalreihe 169 Towards a characterization of the Proto-Indo-European sound system 193 The Indo-European obstruent features and phonotactic constraints 225 Discussions of papers on Glottalic Theory 231 Latin phonology and the ‘Glottalic Model’ [Discussion of Baldi – Johnston-Staver’s, Kortlandt’s, and Vennemann’s papers] 233 Remarks on Baldi – Johnston-Staver, ‘Historical Italic phonology in typological perspective’ 237 Remarks on F. Kortlandt, ‘Lachmann’s law’ 239 Letter to Theo Vennemann 241 Reply to Claude Boisson’s remarks 243 Remarks on T. V. Gamkrelidze, ‘Language typology and Indo-European reconstruction’ 245 Indo-European consonant shifts – Algebra, arithmetic, or normal science? [Discussion of Job’s and Schrodt’s papers] 247 Remarks on J. E. Rasmussen, ‘Die Tenues Aspiratae: Dreiteilung oder Vierteilung des indogermanischen Plosivsystems und die Konsequenzen dieser Frage für die Chronologie einer Glottalreihe’ 261 Erwiderung auf Paul J. Hoppers ‘Remarks’ 265 ‘Das Arlbergmodell’ – ein Diskussionsbeitrag 271 Lettre aux participants de l’Atelier sur l’indo-européen du Congrès de Pavie 275 IV. Concluding remarks 281 Notes on the Workshop: Reconstructions of the Proto-Indo-European sound system and their consequences 283 Index of forms 287 Index of names 311 TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks, as well as studies that provide new insights by approaching language from an interdisciplinary perspective. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing. To discuss your book idea or submit a proposal, please contact Birgit Sievert.

TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks as well as studies that provide new insights by building bridges to neighbouring fields such as neuroscience and cognitive science.

TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language.

TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing.