The Nature and Function of Water, Baths, Bathing and Hygiene from Antiquity through the Renaissance (Technology and Change in History, 11)

These essays offer scholars, teachers, and students a new basis for discussing attitudes toward, and technological expertise concerning, water in antiquity through the early Modern period, and they examine historical water use and ideology both diachronically and cross regionally. Topics include gender roles and water usage; attitudes, practices, and innovations in baths and bathing; water and the formation of identity and policy; ancient and medieval water sources and resources; and religious and literary water imagery. The authors describe how ideas about the nature and function of water created and shaped social relationships, and how religion, politics, and science transformed, and were themselves transformed by, the manipulation of, uses of, and disputes over water in daily life, ceremonies, and literature. Contributors are Rabun Taylor, Sandra Lucore, Robert F. Sutton, Jr., Cynthia K Kosso, Kevin Lawton, Evy Johanne Håland, Hélène Cazes, Alexandra Cuffel, Mark Munn, Brenda Longfellow, Gretchen Meyers, Sara Saba, Scott John McDonough, Etienne Dunant, E. J. Owens, Mehmet Taşlıalan, Deborah Chatr Aryamontri, John Stephenson, Lin A. Ferrand, Paul Trio, Anne Scott, Misty Rae Urban, Ruth Stevenson, Charles Connell, Alyce Jordan, Ronald Cooley, and Irene Matthews. CONTENTS 6 Introduction --- Cynthia Kosso and Anne Scott 10 PART ONE GENDER ROLES, ATTITUDES, PRACTICES, AND INNOVATIONS IN BATHS AND BATHING 28 River Raptures: Containment and Control of Water in Greek and Roman Constructions of Identity --- Rabun Taylor 30 Archimedes, the North Baths at Morgantina, and Early Developments in Vaulted Construction --- Sandra K. Lucore 52 Female Bathers and the Emergence of the Female Nude in Greek Art --- Robert F. Sutton, Jr 70 Women at the Fountain and the Well: Imagining Experience --- Cynthia K. Kosso and Kevin Lawton 96 "Take, Skamandros, My Virginity": Ideas of Water in Connection with Rites of Passage in Greece, Modern and Ancient --- Evy Johanne Håland 118 Baths, Scrubs, and Cuddles: How to Bathe Young Infants According to Simon De Vallambert (1564) --- Hélène Cazes 158 Polemicizing Women's Bathing Among Medieval and Early Modern Muslims and Christians --- Alexandra Cuffel 180 PART TWO WATER AND THE FORMATION OF IDENTITY AND POLICY 198 Earth and Water: The Foundations of Sovereignty in Ancient Thought --- Mark Munn 200 The Legacy of Hadrian: Roman Monumental Civic Fountains in Greece --- Brenda Longfellow 220 The Divine River: Ancient Roman Identity and the Image of Tiberinus --- Gretchen E. Meyers 242 Cisterns in the Astynomoi Law from Pergamon --- Sara Saba 258 "We and Those Waters of the Sea Are One": Baptism, Bathing, and the Construction of Identity in Late Ancient Babylonia --- Scott John McDonough 272 PART THREE ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL WATER SOURCES AND RESOURCES 7 Natural Water Resources and the Sacred in Attica --- Etienne Dunant 284 "Beautiful and Useful": The Water Supply of Pisidian Antioch and the Development of the Roman Colony --- E.J. Owens and Dr. Mehmet Ta?l?alan 310 Running Water: Advances in Urban Water Supply during the Roman Empire --- Deborah Chatr Aryamontri 328 Villas and Aquatic Culture in Late Roman Spain --- John W. Stephenson 346 The Hydrologic Cycle in Bede's De Natura Rerum --- Lin Ferrand 370 The Challenge for a Medieval Center of Industrial Growth: Ypres and the Drinking-Water Problem --- Paul Trio 390 PART FOUR RELIGIOUS AND LITERARY IMAGERY: WATER IN MEDIEVAL THROUGH EARLY MODERN CULTURES 414 Come Hell or High Water: Aqueous Moments in Medieval Epic, Romance, Allegory, and Fabliau --- Anne Scott 416 Magical Fountains in Middle English Romance --- Misty Rae Urban 436 Sea Change in Shakespeare's Othello --- Ruth Stevenson 462 From Spiritual Necessity to Instrument of Torture: Water in the Middle Ages --- Charles W. Connell 472 The "Water of Thomas Becket": Water as Medium, Metaphor, and Relic --- Alyce A. Jordan 488 "Almost Miraculous": Lord North and the Healing Waters of Tunbridge Wells --- Ronald W. Cooley 510 Waters of Paradise: A Brief Hydroloquy on the Gardens of Spain and New Spain --- Irene Matthews 520 Index 542

these Essays Offer Scholars, Teachers, And Students A New Basis For Discussing Attitudes Toward, And Technological Expertise Concerning, Water In Antiquity Through The Early Modern Period, And They Examine Historical Water Use And Ideology Both Diachronically And Cross Regionally. Topics Include Gender Roles And Water Usage; Attitudes, Practices, And Innovations In Baths And Bathing; Water And The Formation Of Identity And Policy; Ancient And Medieval Water Sources And Resources; And Religious And Literary Water Imagery. The Authors Describe How Ideas About The Nature And Function Of Water Created And Shaped Social Relationships, And How Religion, Politics, And Science Transformed, And Were Themselves Transformed By, The Manipulation Of, Uses Of, And Disputes Over Water In Daily Life, Ceremonies, And Literature.
contributors Are Rabun Taylor, Sandra Lucore, Robert F. Sutton, Jr., Cynthia K Kosso, Kevin Lawton, Evy Johanne Håland, Hélène Cazes, Alexandra Cuffel, Mark Munn, Brenda Longfellow, Gretchen Meyers, Sara Saba, Scott John Mcdonough, Etienne Dunant, E. J. Owens , Mehmet Taşlıalan, Deborah Chatr Aryamontri, John Stephenson, Lin A. Ferrand, Paul Trio, Anne Scott, Misty Rae Urban, Ruth Stevenson, Charles Connell, Alyce Jordan, Ronald Cooley, And Irene Matthews.