The Military Orders. Volume 6.1. Culture and Conflict in the Mediterranean World 6, I

Forty papers link the study of the military orders’ cultural life and output with their involvement in political and social conflicts during the medieval and early modern period. Divided into two volumes, focusing on the Eastern Mediterranean and Europe respectively, the collection brings together the most up-to-date research by experts from fifteen countries on a kaleidoscope of relevant themes and issues, thus offering a broad-ranging and at the same time very detailed study of the subject. List of colour plates xi List of fi gures xii List of tables xiv Editors’ preface xv List of abbreviations xvii Notes on contributors xix VOLUME 6.1 Culture and conflict in the Mediterranean world Introduction / JONATHAN RILEY-SMITH (UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE) 1 1. The Hospital’s privilege of 1113: texts and contexts / ANTHONY LUTTRELL (BATH) 3 2. Reflections of conflict in two fragments of the liturgical observances from the primitive rule of the Knights Templar / SEBASTIÁN SALVADÓ (NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY) 10 3. Friend or foe: Islamic views of the military orders in the Latin East as drawn from Arabic sources / KEVIN JAMES LEWIS (UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD) 20 4. Massacre or mutual benefit: the military orders’ relations with their Muslim neighbours in the Latin East (1100–1300) / BETTY BINYSH (CARDIFF UNIVERSITY) 30 5. The battle of Arsuf/Arsur, a reappraisal of the charge of the Hospitallers / STEPHEN BENNETT (QUEEN MARY, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON) 44 6. Pope Honorius III, the military orders and the financing of the Fifth Crusade: a culture of papal preference? / THOMAS W. SMITH (TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN) 54 7. Between Jaffa and Jerusalem: a few remarks on the defence of the southern border of the kingdom of Jerusalem during the years 1229–1244 / KAROL POLEJOWSKI (ATENEUM UNIVERSITY) 62 8. Ritual and conflict in the Hospitaller church of St. John in Acre: the architectural evidence / VARDIT SHOTTEN-HALLEL (HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM) 70 9. Hospitaller patronage and the mural cycle of the Church of the Resurrection at Abu-Ghosh (Emmaus) – a new reading / GIL FISHHOF (TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY) 82 10. Tracing knights: their pictorial evidence in the art of the Eastern Mediterranean / ANNA TAKOUMI (NATIONAL AND KAPODISTRIAN UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS) 94 11. The manumission of Hospitaller slaves on fifteenth-century Rhodes and Cyprus / NICHOLAS COUREAS (CYPRUS RESEARCH CENTRE) 106 12. Back to Baffes: 'A Castle in Cyprus attributed to the Hospital?' revisited / JAMES PETRE (TOBERMORY) 115 13. Hospitaller statecraft in the Aegean: island polity and mainland power? / MICHAEL HESLOP (ROYAL HOLLOWAY) 123 14. A culture of consensus: the Hospitallers at Rhodes in the fifteenth century (1420–1480) / PIERRE BONNEAUD (PARIS) 137 15. Holy spaces in the urban fabric: religious topography of the town of Rhodes during the Hospitaller period / EMMA MAGLIO (FOUNDATION FOR RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGIES OF HELLAS) 147 16. Some developments in Hospitaller invective concerning the Turks, 1407–1530 / GREGORY O’MALLEY (HUGGLESCOTE) 159 17. Crisis and revival: the convent of the Order of Malta during the Catholic Reformation (16th–17th centuries) / ANNE BROGINI (UNIVERSITY OF NICE SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS) 169 18. The Hospitallers and the Grand Harbour of Malta: culture and conflict / EMANUEL BUTTIGIEG (UNIVERSITY OF MALTA) 177 19. Piety and ritual in the Magistral Palace of the Order of St. John in Malta / THERESA VELLA (MALTA) 187 20. Venice, Hospitaller Malta, and fear of the plague: culturally conflicting views / VICTOR MALLIA-MILANES (UNIVERSITY OF MALTA) 197 21. Censoring the Hospitallers: the failed attempt at re-printing Ferdinando de Escaño’s 'Propugnaculum Hierosolymitanum' in Malta in 1756 / WILLIAM ZAMMIT (UNIVERSITY OF MALTA) 207 Index 217 Plates Cover 1 Title 5 Copyright 6 Contents 7 List of colour plates 13 List of figures 14 List of tables 16 Editors’ preface 17 List of abbreviations 19 Notes on contributors 21 VOLUME 6.1 Culture and conflict in the Mediterranean world 25 Introduction 25 1 The Hospital’s privilege of 1113: texts and contexts 27 2 Reflections of conflict in two fragments of the liturgical observances from the primitive rule of the Knights Templar 34 3 Friend or foe: Islamic views of the military orders in the Latin East as drawn from Arabic sources 44 4 Massacre or mutual benefit: the military orders’ relations with their Muslim neighbours in the Latin East (1100–1300) 54 5 The battle of Arsuf/Arsur, a reappraisal of the charge of the Hospitallers 68 6 Pope Honorius III, the military orders and the financing of the Fifth Crusade: a culture of papal preference? 78 7 Between Jaffa and Jerusalem: a few remarks on the defence of the southern border of the kingdom of Jerusalem during the years 1229–1244 86 8 Ritual and conflict in the Hospitaller church of St John in Acre: the architectural evidence 94 9 Hospitaller patronage and the mural cycle of the Church of the Resurrection at Abu-Ghosh (Emmaus) – a new reading 106 10 Tracing knights: their pictorial evidence in the art of the Eastern Mediterranean 118 11 The manumission of Hospitaller slaves on fifteenth-century Rhodes and Cyprus 130 12 Back to Baffes: ‘A Castle in Cyprus attributed to the Hospital?’ revisited 139 13 Hospitaller statecraft in the Aegean: island polity and mainland power? 147 14 A culture of consensus: the Hospitallers at Rhodes in the fifteenth century (1420–1480) 161 15 Holy spaces in the urban fabric: religious topography of the town of Rhodes during the Hospitaller period 171 16 Some developments in Hospitaller invective concerning the Turks, 1407–1530 183 17 Crisis and revival: the convent of the Order of Malta during the Catholic Reformation (16th–17th centuries) 193 18 The Hospitallers and the Grand Harbour of Malta: culture and conflict 201 19 Piety and ritual in the Magistral Palace of the Order of St John in Malta 211 20 Venice, Hospitaller Malta, and fear of the plague: culturally conflicting views 221 21 Censoring the Hospitallers: the failed attempt at re-printing Ferdinando de Escaño’s Propugnaculum Hierosolymitanum in Malta in 1756 231 Index 241 Plates 253 "Military Orders first became central to European life in the 1130s and, despite the suppression of the Templars in 1312, remained so until Napoleon seized Malta from the Hospitallers in 1798. Even then, the spirit had not died, for hospitaller organisations based upon the original foundations were revived in the nineteenth century and many continue to perform important social functions today. The attraction of this subject was reflected in the conference on military orders held at St John's, Clerkenwell, in September 1992, which drew scholars from twenty countries; a large selection of their papers is published here. Themes as diverse as the administration of the Hospitaller estates in Essex; the Templar castles on the pilgrimage route to the Jordan; the treatment of prisoners of war by the Teutonic Order; and the perception of the military orders in Victorian England, are among the wide variety of studies contained in the forty-one papers in this volume. Yet, at the same time, the subject has an underlying unity, making it a field for fruitful co-operation between historians, archaeologists and art historians, the full potential of which is just beginning to be explored."--Jacket Forty Stimulating Papers Linking The Study Of The Military Orders' Cultural Life And Output With Their Involvement In Political And Social Conflicts During The Medieval And Early Modern Period, In Both Europe And The Eastern Mediterranean. Divided Into Two Volumes, Focusing On Europe And The Eastern Mediterranean Respectively, The Collection Brings Together The Most Up-to-date Research By Experts From Fifteen Countries On A Kaleidoscope Of Relevant Themes And Issues, Thus Offering A Broad-ranging And At The Same Time Very Detailed Study Of The Subject.