فرهنگ‌های قرون وسطی دریای ایرلند و دریای شمال: مانانان و همسایگانش (شمال اقیانوس اطلس اوایل قرون وسطی)

The literary, historical, and linguistic confluence that characterized the Irish Sea region in the pre-modern period is reflected in the interdisciplinarity of these new research essays, centered on the literatures, languages, and histories of the Irish-Sea communities of the Middle Ages, much of which is still evoked in contemporary culture. The contributors to this collection dive deep into the rich historical record, heroic literature, and story lore of the medieval communities ringing the Irish Sea, with case studies that encompass Manx, Irish, Scandinavian, Welsh, and English traditions. Manannán, the famous travelling Celtic divinity who supposedly claimed the Isle of Man as his home, mingles here with his mythical, legendary, and historical neighbors, whose impact on our image and understanding of the pre-modern cultures of the Northern Atlantic has persisted down through the centuries. Cover 1 Table of Contents 6 Preface 10 Introduction 12 Manannán and His Neighbors 12 Charles W. MacQuarrie 12 1. Hiberno-Manx Coins in the Irish Sea 18 Helen Davies 18 2. Hunferth and Incitement in Beowulf 38 M. Wendy Hennequin 38 3. Cú Chulainn Unbound 60 Ron J. Popenhagen 60 4. Ragnhild Eiríksdóttir 80 Cross-cultural Sovereignty Motifs and Anti-feminist Rhetoric in Chapter 9 of Orkneyinga saga 80 Brian Cook 80 5. Statius’ Dynamic Absence in the Narrative Frame of the Middle Irish Togail na Tebe 100 Stephen Kershner 100 6. The Stanley Family and the Gawain Texts of the Percy Folio 124 Rhonda Knight 124 7. Ancient Myths for the Modern Nation 144 Seamus Heaney’s Beowulf 144 Maria McGarrity 144 8. Kohlberg Explains Cú Chulainn 160 Developing Moral Judgment from Bully to Boy Wonder to Brave Warrior 160 Ethel B. Bowden 160 9. Language Death and Language Revival 184 Contrasting Manx and Texas German 184 Marc Pierce 184 Index 208 List of Illustrations 7 Map of the Irish Sea and Northern Sea Area c. 1000–1200 CE 8 Figure 1 Glenfaba hoard 28 Figure 2 Hiberno-Manx coin, reverse 29 Figure 3 Hiberno-Manx coin, obverse 29 Figure 4 Stanley family tree 141

This volume approaches three key concepts in Roman history - gender, memory and identity - and demonstrates the significance of their interaction in all social levels and during all periods of Imperial Rome. When societies, as well as individuals, form their identities, remembrance and references to the past play a significant role.