The LPC Design Guide for the Fire Protection of Buildings 2000: A Code of Practice for the Protection of Business

Contents......Page 5 Foreword......Page 7 1.2 Scope......Page 8 1.3 Risk management considerations......Page 9 1.4.1.2 The property protection objectives and criteria......Page 10 1.4.2.1 Risk assessment - application of objectives and criteria......Page 11 1.7 Protection against lightning......Page 12 2.2 Contribution to fire growth......Page 14 Table 2.1. Minimum fire resistance for elements of construction for multi-storey buildings.......Page 15 2.4.1 OBJECTIVES......Page 16 2.4.2 GENERAL FEATURES......Page 17 2.4.3 RECOMMENDATIONS......Page 18 2.5 Compartment floor areas......Page 19 2.6 External fire spread......Page 20 2.8 Smoke venting......Page 21 2.11 Inspection and maintenance......Page 22 Loss Prevention Council......Page 23 Other guidance documents......Page 24 Appendix 2A - Purpose groups specified in Approved Document B, The Building Regulations 1991......Page 25 3.1.1 SCOPE......Page 26 3.1.2.3 Prevention of smoke spread......Page 27 Table 3.1 Compartment walls and floors - recommended fire resistance levels......Page 28 3.1.3.4 Compartment walls......Page 29 3.1.3.11 Fire resistance......Page 30 3.1.3.17 Occupancy......Page 31 3.2.1 STRUCTURAL FRAME......Page 32 3.2.1.1.1 Interactions between walls and portal or lattice frames......Page 33 3.2.1.2.2 Maintenance of compartmentation......Page 35 3.2.1.2.4.1 Establishing the level of fire resistance......Page 36 3.2.1.2.4.3 Junction between separating elements and beams and floors......Page 37 3.2.2.1 Objective and function......Page 39 3.2.2.2.1 Recommendations for compartment walls......Page 40 3.2.2.2.2 Openings in walls for doors and services......Page 41 3.2.3.1 Objectives and function......Page 43 3.2.3.3 Fire resistance recommendations - floor openings......Page 44 3.2.3.3.1 General recommendations for the protection of floor openings......Page 46 3.3.1 OBJECTIVE AND FUNCTION......Page 47 3.3.1.3 External walls - vertical fire spread......Page 48 3.4.1 GENERAL......Page 49 3.4.3 FIRE RESISTANCE - ROOF AND FRAMEWORK......Page 50 3.4.4 OTHER REQUIREMENTS......Page 52 Loss Prevention Council......Page 53 CAST IRON......Page 54 STEEL......Page 55 TIMBER......Page 56 Appendix 3B Robust materials......Page 58 C3 SPECIAL RISKS......Page 59 C5 ACTIVE FIRE DETECTION AND PROTECTION......Page 60 Concealed spaces......Page 61 D1 GENERAL PRINCIPLE......Page 62 D4 DESIGNING OUT THE DISTORTION......Page 67 D6 SELECTING A JOINT SEALING SYSTEM......Page 68 D7.1 FIRE PERFORMANCE......Page 69 D7.3 PREVENTING EXTERNAL FIRE SPREAD BY-PASSING THE WALL OR FLOOR......Page 70 4.1.2 PRINCIPAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS......Page 71 4.1.3.5 Cavity barriers......Page 72 4.1.3.13 Fire-resisting service duct......Page 73 4.2.1 TYPES OF DOOR AND SHUTTER ASSEMBLIES......Page 74 4.2.3.1 The influence of size on the fire resistance of door and shutter assemblies......Page 75 4.2.3.2 Maximum opening size......Page 76 4.2.3.3 Restraint on the leaf and direction of exposure......Page 77 4.2.4.3 Radiation......Page 78 4.2.5.2 Integrity and insulation......Page 81 4.2.6.1 Smoke control doors......Page 82 4.2.7 INTERACTION WITH WALL CONSTRUCTION......Page 83 4.2.8.1 Use of multiple doors......Page 84 4.2.8.4 Other recommendations......Page 85 Table 4.3. Opening and closing cycles recommended for various door types......Page 86 4.2.10.1 General......Page 87 4.2.12.4 Roller shutter doors and laterally operating shutters......Page 88 4.2.12.8 Escalator shutter......Page 89 4.2.14 USE OF LOBBIES......Page 90 Table 4.4 Minimum fire resistance for doors installed in lobbies and depth of lobby......Page 91 Appendix 4.2A Expressing the approved size of door leaves by means of a size envelope......Page 92 Appendix 4.2B Calculation of safe distances for combustible materials......Page 93 4.3.1 TYPES OF GLASS, FRAMES AND GLAZING SYSTEMS......Page 94 4.3.3.1 Maximum size of individual glass panels/blocks......Page 95 4.3.3.3 Guidance on maximum area (based on safe distances to combustible materials)......Page 96 4.3.4 INTERACTION WITH WALL CONSTRUCTION......Page 97 4.3.6 DURABILITY......Page 98 4.3.8 DOUBLE GLAZED UNITS......Page 99 NON-INSULATING GLASSES......Page 100 INFLUENCE OF FRAMING SYSTEM......Page 101 INFLUENCE OF GLAZING SYSTEM ON MAXIMUM SIZE......Page 102 4.4.2.2 Smoke extraction ducts......Page 103 4.4.3.2 Performance requirements......Page 104 4.4.3.3.1 Plastic pipes......Page 105 4.5.1 GENERAL......Page 106 4.5.3.1 Fire resistance......Page 107 Table 4.7. Fire resistance requirements for cavity barriers.......Page 108 4.5.4 ACCOMMODATING DEFLECTION......Page 109 4.6.2 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS......Page 110 4.6.3 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS......Page 111 4.7.2.1 Cables located in ceiling voids......Page 112 4.7.2.3 Services located in vertical shafts......Page 113 4.7.5.2 Pipes containing volatile fluids......Page 114 British Standards......Page 115 Loss Prevention Council......Page 116 Other guidance sources......Page 117 5.2 Introduction......Page 118 5.2.1.1 National building regulations......Page 119 5.4.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 120 5.4.2.1 Walls - passive fire protection......Page 122 5.4.2.2 Walls - sprinkler protection......Page 123 5.4.3.1 Roofs - passive fire protection......Page 124 5.5.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS......Page 125 5.5.3 ROOFS - GENERAL......Page 126 5.5.3.2 Roofs - sprinkler protection......Page 127 5.6.2 RECOMMENDED PROTECTION AGAINST MALICIOUS IGNITION......Page 128 5.6.2.1 Passive fire protection......Page 129 5.6.2.2 Sprinkler protection......Page 130 5.7 Reference......Page 131 6.0.2 PERFORMANCE OF PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION PRODUCTS......Page 132 6.0.4 PRODUCTS COVERED IN THIS PART OF THE DESIGN GUIDE......Page 133 6.1 Structural frames......Page 139 6.2 Roofs......Page 152 6.3 Compartment walls - masonry & concrete bricks......Page 161 6.3 Compartment walls - dry lined studwork......Page 167 6.3 Compartment walls - cavity barriers......Page 180 6.4 External walls......Page 190 6.5 Compartment floors......Page 199 6.6 Fire doors - fire resisting hinged and pivoted......Page 215 6.6 Fire doors - fire resisting industrial metal......Page 225 6.7 Service sealing - penetration seals......Page 235 6.7 Service sealing - fire stopping and linear gap seals......Page 251 6.8 Fire resistant glazing - fire resistant glass......Page 259 6.8 Fire resistant glazing - Fire resistant glazing systems......Page 269 6.9 Protection of air distribution systems - duct mounted dampers......Page 280 6.9 Protection of air distribution systems - steel ducts......Page 287 References......Page 295 7.1.2.1 Associated floor area......Page 297 7.1.3 RISK ASSESSMENT......Page 298 7.1.4 GENERAL PRINCIPLES......Page 299 7.1.5 REFERENCES......Page 301 7.2.2 INTRODUCTION......Page 302 7.2.4.1 Building fabric......Page 303 7.2.6 COMPARTMENTATION - RECOMMENDED FIRE RESISTANCE......Page 304 7.2.7.3 Additional recommendations for the insulated enclosure......Page 305 7.2.7.4 Other aspects......Page 306 Other guidance documents......Page 308 8.2.2 SUMMARY INFORMATION......Page 309 8.2.3 RECOMMENDATIONS......Page 310 8.3.2 SUMMARY INFORMATION......Page 313 8.3.3 RECOMMENDATIONS......Page 314 Index......Page 318