The Legacy of Mega Events : Urban Transformations and Citizenship in Rio De Janeiro

This edited volume offers a critical reflection on the failed experiment to redevelop the city of Rio de Janeiro according to the neoliberal strategy of entrepreneurial urban governance and mercantile regulatory transformations, which were leveraged by mega-sporting events. The case of Rio de Janeiro is presented as an example of a failing global strategy for urban redevelopment, entrepreneurial urban governance and the realization of mega-events. This book aims to present the real and critical state of the legacies of such mega-events. It shows how instead of the promised economic redemption, Rio is experiencing a severe economic, political and social crisis, handling three observation perspectives: the first is the description of urban transformations and mega events, assessing the contradictions in the model for the intended urban development and taking into account historical factors both at local and national level; the second restricts on neighborhoods as case studies representing an ensign of a neoliberal urban transformation’ results; the third links city and citizenship focusing tensions and inconsistencies and opening up a perspective on the importance of fostering the concept of citizenship, including actions, movements and initiatives that express the resistance and struggles around a possible new destination for Rio de Janeiro. Prof. Luiz Cesar de Quieroz Ribeiro and Dr. Filippo Bignami as General Editors thank Ana Paula Soares Carvalho, Humberto Meza, Niccoló Cuppini and Orlando dos Santos Junior for their contributions as co-editors of this book. Acknowledgement About This Book Introduction References Contents Editors and Contributors 1 Neoliberalization and Mega Events: The Transition of Rio de Janeiro’s Hybrid Urban Order 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Neoliberalism, Governmentality, and Contestations 1.3 The Hybrid Urban Order of Rio de Janeiro: Different Logics in the Production of Space 1.4 The 2016 Olympic Games: Inflection Point in the Hybrid Urban Order 1.5 Consolidating the Space of Capital: The Expansion of Barra da Tijuca 1.6 The Recapture of the City Center by Big Business: Redeveloping the Port District 1.7 Building Entrepreneurial Favelas 1.8 Conclusion References 2 When the Lights Turn off. Rio de Janeiro’s Wannabe Global City Trajectory 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 A Global History 2.2 Wannabe Global City 2.3 Globalizing Rio 2.3.1 Logic of Urban Development 2.4 The Legacy of the Globalizing Strategy 2.4.1 What Scale? References 3 Public–Private Partnerships in the Context of Mega Events 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Types of PPPs and Their Diffusion in Brazil 3.3 Political Game and Market Solution 3.4 Neoliberal Project and the Use of PPPs 3.5 PPPs in the Context of Mega-Sporting Events 3.5.1 Urban Interventions and the Olympic Project Costs 3.6 The Olympic Park PPPs 3.7 The Legacy of the Olympic Park References 4 A Mega Event Called Official Carnival: City, Culture, and Party for the Market 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Carnival as an Essential Element of the Global City Project 4.3 The Carnival Reinvented by the Market: The PPP Carnival 4.4 The Illegitimate Norm: The Antilaw Regulating the Carnival 4.5 Final Considerations: Popular Resistance and the Worsening of the Neoliberal Logic References 5 Institutional Analysis of the Secretariat of Federal Property (SPU): The Case of Porto Maravilha 5.1 Introduction 5.2 The Historical Neo—Institutionalism: Continuity and Change 5.3 The Secretariat of Federal Property (SPU) 5.4 The Case of Porto Maravilha 5.4.1 The Construction of the Coalition Around Porto Maravilha 5.5 The Federal Property in the Context of Porto Maravilha 5.5.1 The SPU-RJ and the Porto Maravilha Project 5.5.2 Institutional Relations and the SPU-RJ Trajectory 5.6 Conclusion References 6 Porto Maravilha: The Utopia Crisis After the Global Euphoria 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Configuration of a Coalition in Crisis 6.3 Coalitions and Agents in the Production of Urban Space 6.4 Conclusion References 7 Informality and Invisibility of the Slum Tenements in the Port Area of Rio de Janeiro 7.1 Introduction 7.2 A Little History: From the Demographic Explosion to the Attack Against the Slum Tenements 7.3 Visibilizing the Slum Tenements in the Urban Landscape of Rio de Janeiro 7.4 Profile of the Slum Tenements Dwellers and Their Living Conditions 7.5 Conclusion References 8 Favelas and Gentrification: Reflections on the Impacts of Urban Restructuring on the City of Rio de Janeiro 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Mega Events and Urban Restructuring in the City of Rio de Janeiro 8.3 Favelas and Gentrification 8.4 Symbolic Resignification and Gentrification Experiments in the Favelas of Vidigal, Babilônia, and Chapéu Mangueira 8.4.1 The “Pacification” Process of Favelas 8.5 Entrepreneurship Reaches the Favelas 8.6 Conclusion References 9 A New Cycle of Removals in the Favelas in Rio: What Legacy Is This? 9.1 Introduction 9.2 The History of the Favelas: Tolerance Versus Repression 9.3 A Critique of the Capitalist Production of Space 9.4 Strategic Planning and Urban Entrepreneurship 9.4.1 Mega Events as Opportunity 9.5 The Grammar of Removals: Discourses and Justifications 9.6 Conclusion References 10 State of Art and Possibilities for Citizenship Education in the City of Rio de Janeiro 10.1 Introduction 10.2 How Citizenship Education Can Contribute to the Development of the Sense of Political and Social Membership in Future Citizens 10.3 Citizenship Education in Brazil and in the City of Rio de Janeiro: A Brief Overview 10.4 Citizenship Education as a Case Study for an Innovative Approach: Methodology and Path Followed 10.5 The Citizenship Education Module as a Result Tested in School 10.6 Conclusion References Index This edited volume offers a critical reflection on the failed experiment to redevelop the city of Rio de Janeiro according to the neoliberal strategy of entrepreneurial urban governance and mercantile regulatory transformations, which were leveraged by mega-sporting events. The case of Rio de Janeiro is presented as an example of a failing global strategy for urban redevelopment, entrepreneurial urban governance and the realization of mega-events. This book aims to present the real and critical state of the legacies of such mega-events. It shows how instead of the promised economic redemption, Rio is experiencing a severe economic, political and social crisis, handling three observation perspectives: the first is the description of urban transformations and mega events, assessing the contradictions in the model for the intended urban development and taking into account historical factors both at local and national level; the second restricts on neighborhoods as case studies representing an ensign of a neoliberal urban transformation's results; the third links city and citizenship focusing tensions and inconsistencies and opening up a perspective on the importance of fostering the concept of citizenship, including actions, movements and initiatives that express the resistance and struggles around a possible new destination for Rio de Janeiro