The kingdom of individuals : an essay on self-respect and social obligation

In his distinctive, highly engaging style, F. G. Bailey meditates on individual prerogative and the coercive restraints exercised on people by large organizations. His witty, on-the-mark comments come directly from his own lifelong discomfort with hierarchy and authority.A wealth of personal anecdotes lends immediacy to problems and issues often treated on an abstract and impersonal level, as Bailey recollects his own experiences in school during the depression years in England, in the British wartime army, and both in peasant societies (as a practicing anthropologist) and in industrial societies (as an academic). He first makes a distinction between the pervasive spirit of collectivism that marks the social sciences (economics excepted) and disengagement-that is, the resistance individuals make to being absorbed into collectivities. Then he discusses tactics: how collectivities legitimate themselves and how individuals resist these collectivities in an effort to keep their own separate identities. Finally, he draws on his wartime experience and on the everyday lives of working-class people to show how organizations usually defeat themselves if they try to define individualism out of existence.The Kingdom of Individuals is a trenchant and entertaining commentary on the dilemma of being a citizen. Of particular interest to political and cultural anthropologists, it will also appeal to anyone who believes that bureaucracies too often overstep themselves and trespass into each of our lives as individuals

Michael C. Webb explores a central question about postwar economic history: how has the growth of international markets affected the coordination of economic policy among nations? His analysis overturns the popular assumption that policy coordination has eroded as American hegemony has receded. Instead, he argues that the growing mobility of capital forced governments to abandon the strategies they had used in the 1950s and 60s to insulate monetary and fiscal policies from international influences, and to move toward more direct coordination of central economic strategies.

Webb shows that since 1945 there has been a crucial shift in the pattern of international collaboration. He focuses on three types of adjustment policy: trade and capital controls, balance-of-payment lending and intervention in foreign-exchange markets, and monetary and fiscal policies. Noting that the first two types are no longer effective, he demonstrates that governments now rely more on monetary and fiscal policy coordination to regulate the global economy.

As the expansion of international finance created greater turbulence in the global economy in the 1980s, the liberal system of international trade threatened to collapse. Webb examines in particular how the United States, Japan, and Germany took unprecedented steps to coordinate monetary and fiscal policies in the late 1980s and early 1990s, although domestic political obstacles—not any decline in U.S. power—limited the impact of this policy coordination. He concludes by assessing the effectiveness of these attempts to reconcile the goal of a stronger liberal system of economic exchange with the desire to maintain national autonomy.

Contents Preface 1. Disengaging within Collectivities 2. Manufacturing Dignity 3. Dismantling Institutional Dignity 4. Sidestepping Dignity 5. Personal Dignity 6. Split Vision References Index