The Key Technologies for Powertrain System of Intelligent Vehicles Based on Switched Reluctance Motors (Recent Advancements in Connected Autonomous Vehicle Technologies Book 1)

"This book is intended for engineers in automotive industry and in research community of electrical machines. This book systematically focus on all the major aspects of switched reluctance motor for intelligent electric vehicle applications, including optimization design, drive system control, regenerative braking control, and motor-suspension system control, which is particularly suited for readers who are interested to learn the theory of the motor used for intelligent electric vehicles. The comprehensive and systematic treatment of practical issues around switched reluctance motor considering vehicle requirements is one of the major features of the book. The book can benefit researchers, engineers, and graduate students in fields of switched reluctance motor, electric vehicle drive system, regenerative braking system, motor-suspension system, etc."-- Provided by publisher Contents 1 Modeling of SRM Drive System for EV 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The Basic Theory of SRM 1.2.1 The Basic Structure of SRM 1.2.2 The Basic Operating Principle of SRM 1.2.3 Electromagnetic Model of SRM 1.3 Magnetic Pole Distribution of SRM 1.4 The SRM Drive System 1.4.1 The Basic Composition of SRM Drive System 1.4.2 The Control Methods for SRM 1.5 Electromagnetic Characteristic Analysis Under Interactive Excitation 1.5.1 The Finite Element Model of SRM 1.5.2 Magnetic Field Characteristics Under Interactive Excitation 1.5.3 Flux Linkage Characteristics Under Interactive Excitation 1.5.4 Mutual Inductance Characteristics Under Interactive Excitation 1.5.5 Electromagnetic Torque Characteristics Under Interactive Excitation 1.6 Modelling the SRM Drive System 1.6.1 The Principle of Overlap Between Excited Phases 1.6.2 The Mathematical Model of the SRM 1.7 Dynamic Simulation Analysis 1.7.1 Phase Current Results 1.7.2 Dynamic Torque Results References 2 Electromagnetic Analysis for SRM 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Various Exciting Winding Distributions 2.3 Analysis of Electromagnetic Parameters for SRM 2.3.1 Structural Dimensions of the Developed SRM 2.3.2 Analysis for Flux Linkage 2.3.3 Analysis for Inductance 2.3.4 Analysis for Static Torque 2.4 Comparative Analysis Between Two Excitation Modes 2.4.1 Comparative Analysis of Flux Linkage 2.4.2 Comparative Analysis of Inductance 2.4.3 Comparative Analysis of Static Torque 2.4.4 Comparative Analysis of Dynamic Torque Performance 2.4.5 Comparative Analysis of Core Losses 2.4.6 Comparative Analysis of Flux and Force Density 2.5 Experimental Verification 2.5.1 Basic Principle of the Static Test 2.5.2 Static Test Results and Analysis 2.5.3 Dynamic Performance References 3 Optimization Design for SRM in EVs 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Requirements of EVs on Driving Motor 3.3 Optimization Objectives of the SRM with Two-Phase Mode 3.3.1 Objectives of the SRM with Two-Phase Mode 3.3.2 Optimization Parameters and Constrains 3.3.3 Goal Function of Optimization 3.3.4 Sensitive Analysis of the Structure Parameters 3.3.5 Optimization of the SRM 3.4 Design of In-Wheel SRM 3.5 Optimization of In-Wheel SRM 3.5.1 Objectives and Optimization Variables 3.5.2 Goal Function of Optimization for In-Wheel SRM 3.5.3 Sensitivity Analysis of the Structure Parameters 3.5.4 Optimization Results of the In-Wheel SRM References 4 Optimization and Control of SRM Drive System for EV Applications 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Basic Equation of the SRM 4.3 Dynamic Model of SRM Drive System 4.3.1 Block Diagram of the SRM Drive System 4.3.2 Nonlinear Dynamic Model of the SRM 4.4 Dynamic Characteristics of the SRM Drive System 4.4.1 Effects of the Load Torque 4.4.2 Effects of the Turn-On Angle 4.4.3 Effects of the Turn-Off Angle 4.5 Parameters Optimization of the SRM Drive System 4.5.1 Single Objective Function for SRM Dynamic Performance 4.5.2 Average Torque Optimization and Analysis 4.5.3 Torque Ripple Optimization and Analysis 4.5.4 SRM Efficiency Optimization and Analysis 4.5.5 Multi-objective Function of the SRM Dynamic Performance 4.5.6 Multi-objective Synchronization Optimization and Analysis 4.6 Optimized Controller Design for SRM Drive System 4.6.1 Dynamic Performance Optimized Controller Design 4.6.2 Comparison Analysis of the Various Optimization Strategies 4.7 Summary References 5 Design and Control of Regenerative Braking System 5.1 Compound Braking Force Distribution Strategy for EVs 5.1.1 Introduction 5.1.2 Compound Braking Structure Forms 5.1.3 Model of Electric Vehicle 5.1.3.1 Vehicle Dynamics Model 5.1.3.2 Driver Model 5.1.3.3 Power Battery Model 5.1.4 Braking Force Distribution Scheme with Compound Braking Condition 5.1.4.1 Ideal Control Scheme for Braking Force Distribution 5.1.4.2 Braking Force Distribution Control Scheme Constrained by ECE Regulations 5.1.4.3 Segmented Braking Force Distribution Control Scheme 5.1.4.4 Motor Braking Torque Correction 5.1.4.5 Braking Force Distribution Control Strategy 5.1.5 Compound Braking System for Electric Vehicles 5.2 Optimal Control of EV Braking System Under Sliding Condition 5.2.1 Introduction 5.2.2 Optimization Objectives 5.2.3 Multi-Objective Optimization of Braking System in Sliding Condition 5.2.4 Comparative Analysis of Simulation Results Under Sliding Condition 5.2.4.1 Comparative Analysis of Different Optimal Control Strategies 5.2.4.2 Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Braking System 5.3 Optimal Control of Braking System Under Braking Condition 5.3.1 Introduction 5.3.2 Influence Analysis of Control Parameters 5.3.2.1 Influence of Turn-On Angle 5.3.2.2 Influence of Turn-Off Angle 5.3.2.3 Influence of Reference Braking Force 5.3.3 Multi-objective Optimization of Braking System in Braking Condition 5.3.3.1 Control Parameter Optimization 5.3.3.2 Optimization of Controller Parameters 5.3.4 Comparative Analysis of Simulation Results Under Braking Condition 5.3.4.1 Comparative Analysis of Different Optimal Control Strategies 5.3.4.2 Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Compound Braking System 5.3.5 Processor in Loop Test Verification 5.4 Summary References 6 Performance Matching Design for the Vehicle Drive System 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Design Requirements of the EV Drive System 6.2.1 Vehicle System Restrictions 6.2.2 Dynamic Load Characteristic of the Vehicle 6.2.3 Design of the EV Drive System 6.3 Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of the SRM 6.4 Simulation Model of the EV 6.5 Design and Optimization of the EV Drive System 6.5.1 Power Battery Parameters Design and Optimization 6.5.2 Gearbox Parameters Design and Optimization 6.5.2.1 Selection of Transmission Ratio for Direct Gear 6.5.2.2 Selection of Transmission Ratio for Two-Speed Drive Gearbox 6.6 Simulation Results Analysis Under ECE Driving Cycle 6.6.1 Comparison of the Vehicle Performance Under Various Conditions 6.6.2 Simulation Results in Optimal Design Scheme 6.7 Experiments for Matching Performance of the Vehicle with SRM 6.7.1 Dynamic Performance Experiment in Slope Condition 6.7.2 Dynamic Performance Experiment in Accelerating Condition 6.7.3 Dynamic Performance Experiment in ECE Cycle Condition 6.7.4 SOC Calculating and Analysis in ECE Cycle Driving Condition References 7 Torque Coordination Control of Distributed Drive Electric Vehicle with SRM 7.1 Introduction 7.2 DDEV Model 7.2.1 Vehicle Dynamics Model 7.2.2 Vehicle Modeling Based on CarSim 7.2.3 Co-Simulation Model of DDEV 7.3 Torque Coordination Control for DDEV Considering the DPA 7.3.1 Analysis of DPA for DDEV 7.3.2 DPA Control System Design 7.3.2.1 DPA Calculator 7.3.2.2 Control Selector 7.3.2.3 DPA Control System 7.3.3 Simulation and Results Analysis 7.3.3.1 Results Analysis Under Two-Wheel Drive Mode 7.3.3.2 Results Analysis Under Four-Wheel Drive Mode 7.4 Torque Coordinated Control of DDEV Under Road Conditions 7.4.1 Straight Driving Vehicle Stability Analysis on Complex Roads 7.4.2 Straight Driving Vehicle Stability Control System Design 7.4.2.1 Yaw Moment Controller 7.4.2.2 Acceleration Slip Regulation Controller 7.4.3 Torque Coordinated Control 7.4.4 Simulation Results Analysis 7.4.4.1 Result Analysis of the Step Road Condition 7.4.4.2 Result Analysis of the Split Road Condition References 8 Comprehensive Control of in Wheel SRM-Suspension System 8.1 Introduction 8.2 The Model of IWSRM 8.2.1 The Structure Model of IWSRM 8.2.2 The Mathematic Model of IWSRM 8.2.2.1 Electromechanical Equations 8.2.2.2 The Equation of Electromagnetic Coupling 8.2.2.3 The Equation of Mechanics 8.3 The Model of a Quarter IWSRM-Suspension System 8.4 The Vibration Control Under Driving Condition 8.4.1 The Effect of Eccentricity on the Torque of IWSRM 8.4.1.1 The Effect of Eccentricity Ratio 8.4.1.2 The Effect of Eccentricity Angle 8.4.2 The Effect of Eccentricity on the Inductance of IWSRM 8.4.2.1 The Effect of Eccentricity Ratio 8.4.2.2 The Effect of Eccentricity Angle 8.4.3 The Effect of Eccentricity on the Radial Force of IWSRM 8.4.3.1 The Effect of Eccentricity Ratio 8.4.3.2 The Effect of Eccentricity Angle 8.4.4 The Effect of the Unbalanced Radial Force on the Vehicle Performance 8.4.5 The Design of Controller and Results Analysis 8.4.5.1 Controller Design 8.4.5.2 Result and Analysis 8.5 The Vibration Suppression Under Regenerative Braking Condition 8.5.1 The Driving System of SRG 8.5.2 The Braking System of the Vehicle 8.5.3 The Influence of Eccentricity and Electromagnetic Excitation 8.5.3.1 The Influence of Eccentricity on the Vertical Unbalanced Radial Force 8.5.3.2 The Influence of Electromagnetic Excitation on Vehicle Dynamics 8.5.4 The Design of Controller and the Results Analysis 8.5.4.1 The Design of Controller 8.5.4.2 The Results Analysis References 9 Temperature Filed Analysis and Optimization for the SRM 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Finite Element Analysis of SRM 9.2.1 Magnetic Field Distribution of SRM 9.2.2 Magnetic Flux Density Analysis of SRM 9.3 Calculation and Analysis of the Losses for SRM 9.3.1 Overview of Iron Loss 9.3.1.1 Eddy Current Loss Pe 9.3.1.2 Magnetic Hysteresis Loss Ph 9.3.2 Calculation Method of Iron Loss 9.3.2.1 Experimental Method 9.3.2.2 Traditional Calculation Method 9.3.2.3 Dual Frequency Method 9.3.2.4 Ellipse Method 9.3.3 Calculation and Distribution of Iron Loss 9.3.3.1 Calculation of Magnetic Flux Density Frequency of Motor Core 9.3.3.2 Finite Element Analysis of the Iron Loss of SRM 9.3.3.3 Ellipse Calculation Method for Iron Loss 9.3.4 Calculation of Copper Loss 9.4 Basic Theory of Thermal Analysis of SRM 9.4.1 Heat Transfer Theory 9.4.1.1 Heat Conduction 9.4.1.2 Heat Convection 9.4.1.3 Heat Radiation 9.4.1.4 Three Types of Basic Boundary Conditions in Heat Transfer 9.4.1.5 Temperature Rise 9.4.2 The Mathematical Model and Boundary Conditions in Temperature Field 9.5 Thermal Analysis Model of SRM 9.5.1 The Finite Element Model of SRM for Thermal Analysis 9.5.2 Determination of Thermal Conductivity 9.5.2.1 Equivalent Thermal Conductivity of the Air in the Motor 9.5.2.2 Equivalent Thermal Conductivity of Stator Winding 9.5.3 Determination of the Heat Source 9.5.4 Boundary Conditions for Thermal Analysis 9.6 Simulation Results and Analysis of Temperature Field 9.6.1 Simulation Analysis Results of Steady-State Temperature Field 9.6.2 Simulation Analysis Results of Transient Temperature Field 9.7 Motor Structure Parameter Optimization Considering Temperature Field 9.7.1 Optimization Index and Objective Function 9.7.2 Optimization Parameters and Constraints 9.7.3 Effect Analysis of the Stator Yoke Thickness 9.7.4 Effect Analysis of Stator Pole Arc Coefficient 9.8 Results Analysis on Three-Dimension Temperature Field 9.9 Summary References