The Intonation Systems of English (Linguistics: Bloomsbury Academic Collections)

"Tench provides an introduction to the current state of functional linguistics studies in the intonation of English. Intended not only for students of linguistics and English language, the book also contains information ideal for consideration by language teachers, speech therapists, drama students and other professions that rely heavily upon the spoken word."--Bloomsbury Publishing. Cover Half-title Title Copyright Contents Preface Acknowledgements Chapter 1 Intonation: what it is and what it does 1. Definition 2. System 3. Structure 4. Functions 4.1 The organization of information 4.2 The realization of communicative functions 4.3 The expression of attitude 4.4 Syntactic structure 4.5 Textual structure 4.6 The identification of speech styles 5. Conclusion Notes Chapter 2 Tonality: the units of intonation 1. Neutral tonality 2. Marked tonality 3. Lists 4. Marked theme 5. Adjuncts 6. Tags 7. Tonality contrasts in grammar 7.1 Defining and non-defining items 7.2 Apposition 7.3 Verb phrases 7.4 Negative domain 7.5 Report clauses 7.6 Clause complements 8. Intonation unit boundaries Notes Chapter 3 Tonicity: the focal point of intonation 1. Tonic syllables 2. Neutral tonicity 3. Broad focus 4. Narrow focus 5. Marked tonicity 6. The tonicity of final adjuncts 7. Tonicity by default 8. Tonicity and grammar Notes Chapter 4 Tones: the tunes of intonation 1. Primary and secondary tones 2. Primary tones: falls, rises and fall-rises 2.1 Falls 2.2 Rises 2.3 Fall-rises 3. Tones and the status of information 3.1 Falls and rises 3.2 Fall-rises 4. Tones and the communicative functions 5. Dominance and deference in communicative functions 5.1 Information, reality and belief 5.2 Suasion 5.3 Social exchanges 5.4 Conclusion Notes Chapter 5 Tone variations 1. Attitudinai meanings 2. Intonational lexicons 2.1 O'Connor and Arnold 2.2 Pike 2.3 Halliday and 'key' 2.4 Crystal 2.5 Brown 3 Intonational resources for attitudinai meaning 3.1 Variations in tones 3.2 Heads 3.2.1 Low and high heads 3.2.2 Wide descending and ascending heads 3.2.3 Stepping heads 3.2.4 Glissando heads 3.3 Pre-heads 4. Summary 4.1 Tones 4.2 Heads and pre-heads Notes Chapter 6 Intonation in a model of communication 1. Models of communication 2. Intonation in the model 3. The intonation systems References Index The Intonation Systems of English provides an introduction to the current state of functional linguistic studies in the intonation of English (i.e. standard, educated, British English). It is aimed at both undergraduate and postgraduate students whose main aim is to acquire a descriptive framework of the English language, and thus the book parallels corresponding books in phonology, syntax, lexis, discourse, etc. The book follows a sequence of topics that has been successfully presented in a programme of lectures and incorporates student exercises which have been classroom-trialled. Intonation has traditionally not received the same degree of attention that has been accorded to the study of consonants, vowels, rhythm and word stress. During the last two decades, however, linguists have been turning to intonation in a more systematic fashion as a result of interest in discourse studies. As a result, much more is now known. The main objective of this book is to convince the reader that the forms and meanings of English intonation can be described with considerable precision, despite the common opinion that intonation is highly subjective. Intended not only for students of linguistics and English language, the book also contains information ideal for consideration by language teachers, speech therapists, drama students and other professions that rely heavily upon the spoken word.