The Impact of Food Bioactives on Health : In Vitro and Ex Vivo Models

“Infogest” (Improving Health Properties of Food by Sharing our Knowledge on the Digestive Process) is an EU COST action/network in the domain of Food and Agriculture that will last for 4 years from April 4, 2011. Infogest aims at building an open international network of institutes undertaking multidisciplinary basic research on food digestion gathering scientists from different origins (food scientists, gut physiologists, nutritionists...). The network gathers 70 partners from academia, corresponding to a total of 29 countries. The three main scientific goals are: Identify the beneficial food components released in the gut during digestion; Support the effect of beneficial food components on human health; Promote harmonization of currently used digestion models Infogest meetings highlighted the need for a publication that would provide researchers with an insight into the advantages and disadvantages associated with the use of respective in vitro and ex vivo assays to evaluate the effects of foods and food bioactives on health. Such assays are particularly important in situations where a large number of foods/bioactives need to be screened rapidly and in a cost effective manner in order to ultimately identify lead foods/bioactives that can be the subject of in vivo assays. The book is an asset to researchers wishing to study the health benefits of their foods and food bioactives of interest and highlights which in vitro/ex vivo assays are of greatest relevance to their goals, what sort of outputs/data can be generated and, as noted above, highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the various assays. It is also an important resource for undergraduate students in the ‘food and health’ arena. This Book Describes In Vitro And Ex Vivo Models That Can Be Employed To Investigate Effects Of Digested Food Products On The Git, Or Specific Components Thereof. Many Such Models Exist And Include, For Example, Those Used To Study Digestion And Fermentation In The Small And Large Intestine, To Investigate Absorption (e.g. Ussing Chamber, Epithelial Cell Systems), And To Research The Immune And Enteroendocrine Responses (e.g. Macrophages, Dendritic Cells, Co-cultures). In Each Case, These Respective Assays And Models Are Discussed, And Tips And Tricks Concerning Their Proper Use Are Given. The Impact Of Food Bioactives On Health: In Vitro And Ex Vivo Models Is An Asset To Researchers Wishing To Study The Health Benefits Of Their Foods And Food Bioactives Of Interest. The Book Highlights Which In Vitro/ex Vivo Assays Are Of Greatest Relevance To Their Goals, What Sort Of Outputs/data Can Be Generated, And Highlights The Strengths And Weaknesses Of The Various Assays. It Is Also An Important Resource For Under-graduate Students In The ‘food And Health’ Arena. Introduction -- Gastrointestinal Digestion Models, General Introduction -- Static Digestion Models General Introduction -- Infogest Consensus Method -- Approaches To Static Digestion Models -- Dynamic Digestion Models General Introduction -- The Tno Gastro-intestinal Model (tim) -- Dynamic Gastric Model (dgm) -- Human Gastric Simulator (riddet Model) -- The Didgi® System -- General Introduction To Cells, Cell Lines And Cell Culture -- Epithelial Cell Models; General Introduction -- Caco-2 Cell Line -- Ht29 Cell Line -- The Ipec-j2 Cell Line -- Co-cultivation Of Caco-2 And Ht-29mt -- Innate And Adaptive Immune Cells; General Introduction -- Thp-1 And U937 Cells -- Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells -- Pbmc-derived T Cells -- Dendritic Cells -- Co-culture Caco-2/ Immune Cells -- Enteroendocrine Cell Models: General Introduction -- Stc-1 Cells -- Nci-h716 Cells -- Murine Glutag Cells -- In Vitro Intestinal Tissue Models: General Introduction -- Intestinal Crypt Organoids As Experimental Models -- Porcine Ex Vivo Intestinal Segment Model -- Ussing Chamber -- In Vitro Fermentation Models: General Introduction -- One Compartment Fermentation Model -- The Tno In Vitro Model Of The Colon - Tim-2 -- The Simulator Of The Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem – Shime® -- The Computer-controlled Multicompartmental Dynamic Model Of The Gastrointestinal System Simgi. Edited By Kitty Verhoeckx, Paul Cotter, Iván López-expósito, Charlotte Kleiveland, Tor Lea, Alan Mackie, Teresa Requena, Dominika Swiatecka, Harry Wichers. Front Matter....Pages i-xvii Front Matter....Pages 1-2 Static Digestion Models: General Introduction....Pages 3-12 InfoGest Consensus Method....Pages 13-22 Approaches to Static Digestion Models....Pages 23-31 Dynamic Digestion Models: General Introduction....Pages 33-36 The TNO Gastro-Intestinal Model (TIM)....Pages 37-46 Dynamic Gastric Model (DGM)....Pages 47-59 Human Gastric Simulator (Riddet Model)....Pages 61-71 The DIDGI® System....Pages 73-81 Front Matter....Pages 83-93 Epithelial Cell Models; General Introduction....Pages 95-102 Caco-2 Cell Line....Pages 103-111 HT29 Cell Line....Pages 113-124 The IPEC-J2 Cell Line....Pages 125-134 Co-cultivation of Caco-2 and HT-29MTX....Pages 135-140 Front Matter....Pages 141-145 THP-1 and U937 Cells....Pages 147-159 Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells....Pages 161-167 PBMC-Derived T Cells....Pages 169-180 Dendritic Cells....Pages 181-196 Co-culture Caco-2/Immune Cells....Pages 197-205 Front Matter....Pages 207-210 STC-1 Cells....Pages 211-220 NCI-H716 Cells....Pages 221-228 Front Matter....Pages 207-210 Murine GLUTag Cells....Pages 229-238 Front Matter....Pages 239-244 Intestinal Crypt Organoids as Experimental Models....Pages 245-253 Porcine Ex Vivo Intestinal Segment Model....Pages 255-262 Ussing Chamber....Pages 263-273 Front Matter....Pages 275-279 One Compartment Fermentation Model....Pages 281-292 The TNO In Vitro Model of the Colon (TIM-2)....Pages 293-304 The Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®)....Pages 305-317 The Computer-Controlled Multicompartmental Dynamic Model of the Gastrointestinal System SIMGI....Pages 319-327 Back Matter....Pages 329-338 Urban Ecology; Urbanism; Sustainable Development; Complex Systems; Science, general; International Environmental Law