The Hundred Years War (Part II): Different Vistas (History of Warfare (Brill))

This book takes a fresh look at the Hundred Years War by gathering the latest scholarship on several aspects of the conflict that have not been amply studied before and several that have become “gospel” by numerous scholarly treatments. The collection focuses on the following subjects: (1) the Hundred Years War as a wide-ranging struggle that effected many European regions, (2) the battle of Agincourt and its political and emotional aftermath, (3) the Iberian theater of war that sprang from the main conflict, (4) the impact of the crossbow and longbow on the great battles of the conflict, (5) great leaders of the war, and (6) economic, literary, and psychological aspects of the conflict. Contributors are: William P. Caferro, Megan Cassidy Welch, Kelly DeVries, Donald J. Kagay, Ilana Krug, Russell Mitchell, Steven Muhlberger, Clifford J. Rogers, L. B. Ross, Dana Sample, Wendy Turner, Richard Vernier, L. J. Andrew Villalon and David Whetham. Winner of the 2014 Verbruggen Prize of De Re Militari (the Society for the Study of Medieval Military History) given annually for the best book on medieval military history. The Hundred Years War (Part II): Different Vistas 4 Contents 8 List of Illustrations 12 List of Maps 14 List of Contributors 16 Acknowledgments 22 Abbreviations 24 Introduction 26 Part I: Broader Horizons of the Hundred Years War 34 Kelly DeVries: The Hundred Years Wars: Not One But Many 36 Scotland 41 Holy Roman Empire 48 Iberia 50 The Low Countries 55 Burgundy 60 Conclusion 65 Part II: Agincourt and its Aftermath 68 Clifford J. Rogers: The Battle of Agincourt 70 Introduction 70 Overview 73 The English Forces 75 The English Formation 78 The Archers’ Palisade 86 The French Army 90 French Deployment 96 French Tactical Plans 97 Archery vs. Cavalry 103 Defeat of the French Vanguard: The Advance 112 Defeat of the French Vanguard: The Contact 122 The Attack of the Second Line 127 Killing of Prisoners 132 Explaining the French Defeat 136 Appendix I: Arrows vs. Armor 142 Appendix II: The English Numbers 147 Appendix III: The English Advance 155 Appendix IV: The Duration of the Cavalry Charge 160 Megan Cassidy-Welch: Grief and Memory After the Battle of Agincourt 166 I. Grief and Mourning 169 II. Interment 173 III. Female Mourning 176 IV. Memory 179 V. Conclusion 183 Part III: The Iberian Face of the Hundred Years War 184 L. J. Andrew Villalon: "Cut Off Their Heads, or I'll Cut Off Yours": Castilian Strategy and Tactics in the War of the Two Pedros and the Supporting Evidence from Murcia 186 I. Introduction 186 II. Two Kings Named Pedro 189 III. Background to Conflict 192 IV. The War of the Two Pedros 194 V. The Source Problem 199 VI. Pedro López de Ayala 201 VII. The Murcian Documents 202 VIII. Castile’s Strategy of Terror 207 IX. The Granadan Alliance 212 X. A Major Failure in Pedro’s Strategic Thinking 213 XI. Epilogue 213 Donald J. Kagay: The Defense of the Crown of Aragon during the War of the Two Pedros (1356–1366) 218 Part IV: Technical Aspects of Archery in the Hundred Years War 244 David Whetham: The English Longbow: A Revolution in Technology? 246 Introduction 246 Definition of the Longbow 247 Early Use of the Bow 248 English and Scandinavian Bows of the Middle Ages 250 From Hastings to Edward I 252 The Archer 255 The Arrow 257 The String 259 Effectiveness 260 The Longbow in Battle 265 Russell Mitchell: The Longbow-Crossbow Shootout at Crécy (1346): Has the "Rate of Fire Commonplace" Been Overrated? 266 The “Rate of Fire Commonplace” in Scholarly Literature 267 The Chronicle Accounts 268 Reassessing Battlefield Realities 269 The Situation Facing the Bowmen at Crécy 271 Shooting Fish in a Barrel 273 Longbows used at Crécy and their Rate of Fire 275 Whither the Pavises? 278 The Basis for a New Battle Narrative 282 Part V: Military Participants in the Hundred Years War 292 Dana L. Sample: Philip VI's Mortal Enemy: Robert of Artois and the Beginning of the Hundred Years War 294 Steven Muhlberger: The Combat of the Thirty against Thirty: An Example of Medieval Chivalry? 318 William P. Caferro: John Hawkwood: Florentine Hero and Faithful Englishman 328 Richard Vernier: The Afterlife of a Hero: Bertrand du Guesclin Imagined 362 Part VI: Fiscal, Literary and Psychological Aspects of the Hundred Years War 376 Ilana Krug: Purveyance and Peasants at the Beginning of the Hundred Years War: Maddicott Reexamined 378 The Emergence of Purveyance 378 Maddicott’s Purveyance 380 Assessing the Tax Records 382 The Purveyance Procedure 385 The Issue of Payment 390 Corruption 391 The Economic Impact of Purveyance 393 Conclusion 398 L. B. Ross: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly: Visions of Burgundy, France, and England in the Oeuvres of Georges Chastellain 400 I. George Chastellain and his Chroniques 401 II. Burgundy’s Dangerous Alliance 406 III. An Uncomfortable Guest 414 IV. Conclusion 416 Wendy J. Turner: Mental Incapacity and the Financing of War in Medieval England 420 Appendix I: L. J. Andrew Villalon: The Hundred Years War and Genealogical Charts 436 Appendix II: Genealogies 457 Popes 458 European Rulers and Nobility 459 Kings of England 459 Kings of Scotland 459 Kings of France 460 French Noble Houses 460 Low Countries 461 Holy Roman Emperors 462 Duchy of Milan 463 German Noble Houses 464 Spanish Rulers 464 Castile 464 Crown of Aragon 464 Navarre 465 Portugal 465 Muslim Rulers 466 Nasrid Dynasty of Granada 466 Ottoman Turks 467 Byzantine Rulers 467 Paleologi 467 Appendix III: Battles, Campaigns, Treaties 468 Bibliography 472 Primary Sources 472 Secondary Sources 477 Index 500 Back Matter 512

This book takes a fresh look at the Hundred Years War by gathering the latest scholarship on several aspects of the conflict that have not been amply studied before and several that have become “gospel” by numerous scholarly treatments.
The collection focuses on the following subjects: (1) the Hundred Years War as a wide-ranging struggle that effected many European regions, (2) the battle of Agincourt and its political and emotional aftermath, (3) the Iberian theater of war that sprang from the main conflict, (4) the impact of the crossbow and longbow on the great battles of the conflict, (5) great leaders of the war, and (6) economic, literary, and psychological aspects of the conflict.
Contributors are: William P. Caferro, Megan Cassidy Welch, Kelly DeVries, Donald J. Kagay, Ilana Krug, Russell Mitchell, Steven Muhlberger, Clifford J. Rogers, L. B. Ross, Dana Sample, Wendy Turner, Richard Vernier, L. J. Andrew Villalon and David Whetham.

This book takes a fresh look at the Hundred Years War by gathering the latest scholarship on several aspects of the conflict that have not been amply studied before and several that have become "gospel" by numerous scholarly treatments. The collection focuses on the following subjects: the Hundred Years War as a wide-ranging struggle that effected many European regions, the battle of Agincourt and its political and emotional aftermath, the Iberian theater of war that sprang from the main conflict, the impact of the crossbow and longbow on the great battles of the conflict, great leaders of the war, and economic, literary, and psychological aspects of the conflict. The contributors are: William P. Caferro, Megan Cassidy Welch, Kelly DeVries, Donald J. Kagay, Ilana Krug, Russell Mitchell, Steven Muhlberger, Clifford J. Rogers, L. B. Ross, Dana Sample, Wendy Turner, Richard Vernier, L. J. Andrew Villalon and David Whetham. In this work, the third volume of essays dealing with many understudied aspects of the Hundred Years War, American, British, and European scholars deal with the varied sources that reveal the lives of soldiers in the conflict as well as the development of strategy and generalship in the many theaters of the war. the authors also focus on real heroes and villains of the conflict as well as the war's impact on regions as scattered as Wales, the Low Countries, Italy, Scotland and Spain. Affirms that the Hundred Years War was a struggle that spilled out of its heartlands of England and France into many European regions. This volume focuses on the Hundred Years War as a wide-ranging struggle that effected many European regions, and the battle of Agincourt and its political and emotional aftermath In thirteen articles, this volume affirms that the Hundred Years War was a struggle that spilled out of its heartlands of England and France into many European regions. These "different vistas" of scholarship greatly amply the study of the conflict.