The Holy Land in Observant Franciscan Texts (c. 1480–1650) : Theology, Travel, and Territoriality

In The Holy Land in Observant Franciscan Texts (c. 1480-1650) Marianne Ritsema van Eck analyses the development of the complex Observant Franciscan engagement with the Holy Land during the early modern period. During these eventful centuries friars of the Franciscan establishment in Jerusalem increasingly sought to cultivate strong ideological ties between themselves and the Holy Land, participating actively in contemporary literatures of geographia sacra and Levantine pilgrimage and travel. It becomes clear how the friars constructed a collective memory using the ideological canon of their order - featuring Bonaventurian theology, marvels of the east, cartography, apocalyptic visions of history, calls for Crusade, and finally a pilgrimage-possessio of the Holy Land by Francis. The Holy Land in Observant Franciscan Texts (c. 1480–1650): Theology, Travel, and Territoriality 3 Copyright 4 Contents 5 Acknowledgements 7 Note on Transcriptions, Orthography, and Documentation 9 List of Figures 10 1 Franciscan Holy Land Writing: Themes and Approaches 13 1 Social, Memorial, and Sacred Space 21 2 The “Holy” Land 24 3 Franciscan Holy Land Territoriality 29 4 Paul Walther von Guglingen and his Treatise 31 5 Synopsis 41 2 Situating the Sacred Centre in an Observant Franciscan Cosmos 46 1 Guglingen sets the Scene 48 2 Jerusalem as the Sacred Middle Point of Bonaventure’s Metaphysical Circle 63 3 The Sacred Centre in Later Franciscan Holy Land Writing 75 4 Marvels as Vestiges of the Sacred Centre 83 5 Conclusion 96 3 Holy Places, Sacred Travel 98 1 The Survival of Holy Land Pilgrimage 100 2 The Main Attraction or a Moot Point: Sacred Space 104 3 “Why do Protestants go on Holy Land Pilgrimage?”: The Franciscan Perspective 111 4 Pilgrims between Curiosity and Devotion 120 5 Advising Pilgrims: Franciscan Voyages to the Levant 127 6 Conclusion 136 4 St Francis and the Holy Land in the Fifteenth Century 138 1 Guglingen’s History of Jerusalem 140 2 Franciscan Expectations for the Future of the Holy Land 146 3 Guglingen’s Call for Crusade 152 4 Late Medieval Franciscan Crusade Projects and their Patrons 164 5 St Francis in the Holy Land 172 6 Conclusion 180 5 St Francis' Possessio of the Holy Land in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries 182 1 Competing with Jesuits, Capuchins, and Greeks in Early Ottoman Jerusalem 183 2 Territorial Franciscan Holy Land Writing in the Seventeenth Century 189 3 Francesco Quaresmio’s Simulacrum of the Holy Land 203 4 Francis’ Pilgrimage-Possessio of the Holy Land 212 5 Prophecy, Conformity, and Apocalypticism 223 6 Conclusion 234 Epilogue 235 Bibliography 243 Index 267 "In The Holy Land in Observant Franciscan Texts (c. 1480-1650) Marianne Ritsema van Eck analyses the development of the complex Observant Franciscan engagement with the Holy Land during the early modern period. During these eventful centuries friars of the Franciscan establishment in Jerusalem increasingly sought to cultivate strong ideological ties between themselves and the Holy Land, participating actively in contemporary literatures of geographia sacra and Levantine pilgrimage and travel. It becomes clear how the friars constructed a collective memory using the ideological canon of their order - featuring Bonaventurian theology, marvels of the east, cartography, apocalyptic visions of history, calls for Crusade, and finally a possessio-pilgrimage of the Holy Land by Francis"-- Provided by publisher. In The Holy Land in Observant Franciscan Texts (c. 1480-1650) Marianne Ritsema van Eck analyses the development of the complex Observant Franciscan engagement with the Holy Land during the early modern period. During these eventful centuries friars of the Franciscan establishment in Jerusalem increasingly sought to cultivate strong ideological ties between themselves and the Holy Land, participating actively in contemporary literatures of geographia sacra and Levantine pilgrimage and travel. It becomes clear how the friars constructed a collective memory using the ideological canon of their order - featuring Bonaventurian theology, marvels of the east, cartography, apocalyptic visions of history, calls for Crusade, and finally a pilgrimage- possessio of the Holy Land by Francis