تاریخ ریاضیات مدرن، جلد دوم: نهادها و کاربردها

The History of Modern Mathematics, Volume II: Institutions and Applications focuses on the history and progress of methodologies, techniques, principles, and approaches involved in modern mathematics. The selection first elaborates on crystallographic symmetry concepts and group theory, case of potential theory and electrodynamics, and geometrization of analytical mechanics. Discussions focus on differential geometry and least action, intrinsic differential geometry, physically-motivated research in potential theory, introduction of potentials in electrodynamics, and group theory and crystallography in the mid-19th century. The text then elaborates on Schouten, Levi-Civita, and emergence of tensor calculus, modes and manners of applied mathematics, and pure and applied mathematics in divergent institutional settings in Germany. Topics include function of mathematics within technical colleges, evolvement of the notion of applied mathematics, rise of technical colleges, and an engineering approach to mechanics. The publication examines the transformation of numerical analysis by the computer; mathematics at the Berlin Technische Hochschule/Technische Universität; and contribution of mathematical societies to promoting applications of mathematics in Germany. The selection is a valuable reference for mathematicians and researchers interested in the history of modern mathematics. Mathematical institutions in France and Germany and their role in promoting applications Relationship between mathematics and physics Foundations of mathematics Complex variable theory, geometry and topology Geometry in the spirit of Klein's Erlangen program Algebra and number theory Formative influences on mathematics in the United States The Crossroads of Mathematics and Physics: E. Scholz, Crystallographic Symmetry Concepts and Group Theory (1850-1880). T. Archibald, Physics as a Constraint on Mathematical Research: The Case of Potential Theory and Electrodynamics. J. L*adutzen, The Geometrization of Analytical Mechanics: A Pioneering Contribution by Joseph Liouville (ca. 1850). D.J. Struik, Schouten, Levi-Civita, and the Emergence of Tensor Calculus. Applied Mathematics in the Early 19th-Century France: I. Grattan-Guinness, Modes and Manners of Applied Mathematics: The Case of Mechanics. A.D. Dalmedico, La Propogation des Ondes en Eau Profoned et ses D*aaeveloppements Math*aaematiques: (Poisson, Cauchy 1815-1825). Pure versus Applied Mathematics in Late 19th-Century Germany: G. Schubring, Pure and Applied Mathematics in Divergent Institutional Settings in Germany: The Role and Impact of Felix Klein. R. Tobies, On the Contribution of Mathematical Societies to Promoting Applications of Mathematics in Germany. E. Knobloch, Mathematics at the Berlin Technische Hochschule/Technische Universit*adat: Social, Institutional, and Scientific Aspects. Applied Mathematics in the United States During World War II: L. Owens, Mathematicians at War: Warren Weaver and the Applied Mathematics Panel, 1942-1945. W. Aspray, The Transformation of Numerical Analysis by the Computer: An Example from the Work of John von Neumann. Notes on the Contributors. Conference proceedings of rare class and substance, which will survive as an enduring contribution to our knowledge of that endlessly fascinating chapter in the history of ideas called the history of mathematics. The emphasis here is on 19th and 20th century developments. Some of the articles (all written and edited to a high polish) treat mathematical ideas, some concentrate on the accomplishments and interactions of people, some treat institutions. Many will be of special interest to those with interest also in the 19th century history of physics. There are altogether 24 papers, presented under eleven topical heads. Many figures, detailed references to the scholarly literature, nicely typeset and printed on good stock.

Audience: Mathematicians, mathematical libraries, and historians of science.

The first mathematician to explicitly utilize the group concept in a geometrical setting was Camille Jordan (1838-1922). v. 1. Ideas and their reception v. 2. Institutions and applications v. 3. Images, ideas, and communities.