The Health Impact of Smoking and Obesity and What to Do About It

__The Health Impact of Smoking and Obesity and What to Do about It__ provides solid evidence and practical advice to health care planners, decision-makers, and frontline providers alike.

Despite significant progress due to public health campaigns and other policy efforts, smoking continues to be a serious health threat throughout the world. In addition, sedentary lifestyles, poor diet, and obesity continue to be major causes of chronic diseases. The Health Impact of Smoking and Obesity and What to Do about It synthesizes a vast quantity of recent data on the benefits and cost-effectiveness of both clinical and public health interventions in addressing the risk factors of smoking and obesity.

A large proportion of chronic disease is preventable. The Health Impact of Smoking and Obesity and What to Do about It provides solid evidence and practical advice to health care planners, decision-makers, and frontline providers alike. The volume discusses various approaches to measuring disease burden and setting health care targets, and provides a summary of interventions of proven effectiveness. Taking into account the vital lessons learned from the experience of tobacco control over forty years, and focusing on the current state of the evidence for obesity control, the study stresses the importance of comprehensive strategies that deal with both individual behaviour changes and the need to encourage social contexts that enhance healthy choices and lifestyles.

Despite significant progress due to public health campaigns and other policy efforts, smoking continues to be a serious health threat throughout the world. In addition, sedentary lifestyles, poor diet, and obesity continue to be major causes of chronic diseases. The Health Impact of Smoking and Obesity and What to Do about It synthesizes a vast quantity of recent data on the benefits and cost-effectiveness of both clinical and public health interventions in addressing the risk factors of smoking and obesity. A large proportion of chronic disease is preventable. The Health Impact of Smoking and Obesity and What to Do about It provides solid evidence and practical advice to health care planners, decision-makers, and frontline providers alike. The volume discusses various approaches to measuring disease burden and setting health care targets, and provides a summary of interventions of proven effectiveness. Taking into account the vital lessons learned from the experience of tobacco control over forty years, and focusing on the current state of the evidence for obesity control, the study stresses the importance of comprehensive strategies that deal with both individual behaviour changes and the need to encourage social contexts that enhance healthy choices and lifestyles Contents 7 PART ONE. Taking Steps towards Health 11 Introduction to Part One 11 1. Introduction: Planning to Reduce the Risks of Chronic Disease 13 2. Risk Factors and the Burden of Disease 22 3. The Economic Cost of Risk Factors 40 4. Risk Factor Targets around the World 49 5. The Benefits of Reducing Risk Factors 65 PART TWO. From Setting to Achieving Targets 85 Introduction to Part Two 85 6. Tobacco Control Evidence (1): Preventing Uptake 89 7. Tobacco Control Evidence (2): Smoking Cessation 104 8. Tobacco Control Evidence (3): Second-Hand Smoke, Specific Populations, and a Summary 125 9. Tobacco Control Evidence (4): Cost-Effectiveness 142 10. Lessons from the Tobacco Wars 160 PART THREE. One Risk to Rule Them All 169 Introduction to Part Three 169 11. Obesity and Tobacco Control: New Territory and Established Pathways 173 12. Obesity Control Evidence (1): Reducing Energy Intake 184 13. Obesity Control Evidence (2): Increasing Energy Expenditure 215 14. Obesity Control Evidence (3): Combined Approaches, Cost-Effectiveness, and a Compendium 236 15. Important Issues in Obesity Control 256 16. Collaborating for Health 273 17. Conclusion: Four Fundamentals for Reducing Risk Factors 283 Notes 295 Index 375