The Groupuscular Far-Right in Portugal : Nationalism and The Reach of Digital Communication

This book analyzes two types of nationalisms that are represented by the Portuguese groupuscular right, that is, the extra-party right. One faction is guided by ethnonationalism and nativism, looking at Portugal through an ethnically European prism. Small groups fight for a white Portugal linked to an imagined white world, rooted in ideas such as race and biology, following models from the US. The other faction looks for a future in a non-European confederation and wants Portuguese citizenship for non-European groups originating from the former colonies, while maintaining ties with the Portuguese extreme right, notably, the one that comes from the Salazar right-wing dictatorship (Estado Novo, 1926–1974). This faction suggests addressing questions of immigration by accepting immigration of non-European people from former imperial space and by initiating a confederation of countries, in which Portugal is the only state with a white majority. Guimarães analyzes the means of communication of these two factions, the language they use to articulate their viewpoints, and the worldviews of various groups in Portugal. He argues that the far right in Portugal is a space filled with radical styles of nationalism. Contents List of Charts Portugal and the Far-Right The Recent Rise of the Right The Portuguese Case: Divergence Within the Extreme Right Internet and the Far-Right: Networking Amidst Groupuscules Race, Nation, and the Scientific Debate Structure and Objectives of the Book References From Imperial Nationalism in the Portuguese Estado Novo to the Organization Causa Identitária: Right-Wing Groupuscules in Portugal and Their Ideological Lines References Surveillance Against Ethnic Enclaves and Dissemination of the Publisher Contra-Corrente: The Organization Associação Cívica Portugueses Primeiro por Estado e Identidade (Portugueses 1) References Escudo Identitário: The Attempt to Create the Equivalent of Casa Pound Italia in Portugal References From Skinhead Music Concerts “Oi!” to YouTube: The Trajectory of the Organization Nova Ordem Social and its Leader Mário Machado References Lusotropicalism and Cosmopolis: The Imperial Nationalism of the Group Nova Portugalidade Nova Monarquia: The Roots of Nova Portugalidade Nova Portugalidade: The Amplification and Reformulation of the Old Project of Nova Monarquia References Devolution Around Biogenetic Identity: The Cyber-Activism of the Organization O Bom Europeu References Ethnonationalist and Imperial Nationalist News: Invictus Portucale and Notícias Viriato References From Siberia to Timor: Portugal Between Two Bloc Projects Characteristics of the Portuguese Groupuscules Classifications of Portuguese Groupuscules: Two Or One Rhizome? A Discussion on Nationality, Migration, and Globalization Bloc-Nationalisms: Can be a Portugal Outside a Bloc? Is It Only Fascism Coming Back? Nationalities Discussions Before Party Politics and Mass Movements The Nature and Culture Debate Inside the Extreme Right Nationalism and Politics: Is Metapolitics the Base of Politics? References References Index