The Golden Age of Polish Philosophy: Kazimierz Twardowski's Philosophical Legacy (Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science Book 16)

This volume portrays the Polish or Lvov-Warsaw School, one of the most influential schools in analytic philosophy, which, as discussed in the thorough introduction, presented an alternative "working" picture of the unity of science. The school was founded by a phenomenologist, Kazimierz Twardowski, who trained a team of researchers that included some of the most important logicians and philosophers of the history of analytical philosophy, such as Tarski, Lesniewski and Lukasiewicz. The Polish School represented some of the most important trends in philosophy -- aristotelism; the history and philosophy of science; linguistics; the philosophy of logic and mathematics -- and offered an opportunity for all these philosophical disciplines to interact in a natural and fruitful way. Jan Wolenski ́ and Sandra Lapointe Polish philosophy goes back to the 13th century, when Witelo, famous for his works in optics and the metaphysics of light, lived and worked in Silesia. Yet, Poland's academic life only really began after the University of Cracow was founded in 1364 – its development was interrupted by the sudden death of King Kazimierz III, but it was re-established in 1400. The main currents of classical scholastic thought like Thomism, Scottism or Ockhamism had been late – about a century – to come to Poland and they had a considerable impact on the budding Polish philosophical scene. The controversy between the via antiqua and the via moderna was hotly 1 debated. Intellectuals deliberated on the issues of concilliarism (whether the C- mon Council has priority over the Pope) and curialism (whether the Bishop of Rome has priority over the Common Council). On the whole, the situation had at least two remarkable features. Firstly, Polish philosophy was pluralistic, and remained so, since its very beginning. But it was also eclectic, which might explain why it aimed to a large extent at achieving a compromise between rival views. Secondly, given the shortcomings of the political system of the time as well as external pr- sure by an increasingly hegemonic Germany, thinkers were very much interested in political matters. Poland was a stronghold of political thought (mostly inclined towards concilliarism) and Polish political thought distinguished itself in Europe J. Introduction / Jan Woleński And Sandra Lapointe -- Twardowski And Polish Scientific Philosophy. Polish Metaphysics And The Brentanian Tradition / Dariusz Łukasiewicz ; The Genesis And History Of Twardowski's Theory Of Actions And Products / Jerzy Bobryk ; The Rise And Development Of Logical Semantics In Poland / Jan Woleński ; French And Polish Conventionalism / Anna Jedynak -- Philosophy Of Logic And Mathematics. A Philosophy Of Many-valued Logic : The Third Logical Value And Beyond / Grzegorz Malinowski ; Leśniewski's Systems And The Aristotelian Model Of Science / Arianna Betti ; Leśniewski, Negation, And The Art Of Logical Subtlety / Denis Miéville ; Philosophy Of Mathematics In The Lvov-warsaw School / Roman Murawski ; Tarski's Engagement With Philosophy / Paolo Mancosu ; Tarski On Definition, Meaning And Truth / Douglas Patterson -- Polish Philosophy Of Mind. A Note On Henryk Mehlberg's Contribution To The Debate On The Mind-body Problem / Urszula M. Żegleń ; Leopold Blaustein's Analytical Phenomenology / Wioletta Miskiewicz -- Around Twardowski's School. Nonclassical Conceptions Of Truth In Polish Philosophy At The Beginning Of The 20th Century / Katarzyna Kijania-placek ; Leon Chwistek's Theory Of Constructive Types / Bernard Linksy ; Konstanty Michalski On Late Medieval Nominalism / Claude Panaccio ; Jan Salamucha's Analytical Thomism / Roger Pouivet. Edited By Sandra Lapointe ... [et Al.]. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Front Matter....Pages I-X Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Introduction....Pages 1-16 Front Matter....Pages 17-17 Polish Metaphysics and the Brentanian Tradition....Pages 19-31 The Genesis and History of Twardowski’s Theory of Actions and Products....Pages 33-42 The Rise and Development of Logical Semantics in Poland....Pages 43-59 French and Polish Conventionalism....Pages 61-77 Front Matter....Pages 79-79 A Philosophy of Many-Valued Logic. The Third Logical Value and Beyond....Pages 81-92 Leśniewski’s Systems and the Aristotelian Model of Science....Pages 93-111 Leśniewski, Negation, and the Art of Logical Subtlety....Pages 113-120 Philosophy of Mathematics in the Lvov-Warsaw School....Pages 121-130 Tarski’s Engagement with Philosophy....Pages 131-153 Tarski on Definition, Meaning and Truth....Pages 155-170 Front Matter....Pages 171-171 A Note on Henryk Mehlberg’s Contribution to the Debate on the Mind-Body Problem....Pages 173-180 Leopold Blaustein’s Analytical Phenomenology....Pages 181-188 Front Matter....Pages 189-189 Nonclassical Conceptions of Truth in Polish Philosophy at the Beginning of the 20th Century....Pages 191-202 Leon Chwistek’s Theory of Constructive Types....Pages 203-219 Konstanty Michalski on Late Medieval Nominalism....Pages 221-234 Jan Salamucha’s Analytical Thomism....Pages 235-245 Back Matter....Pages 247-251