The Global Coffee Economy in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, 1500–1989

This volume analyzes the creation and function of commodity, labor, and financial markets; the role of race, ethnicity, gender and class in the formation of coffee societies and the interaction between technology and ecology. For five hundred years coffee has been grown in tropical countries for consumption in temperate regions. This 2003 volume brings together scholars from nine countries who study coffee markets and societies, with a special emphasis on the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Coffee beans grown in Brazil, Colombia, Vietnam, or one of the other hundred producing lands on five continents remain a palpable and long-standing manifestation of globalization. For five hundred years coffee has been grown in tropical countries for consumption in temperate regions. This 2003 volume brings together scholars from nine countries who study coffee markets and societies over the last five centuries in fourteen countries on four continents and across the Indian and Pacific Oceans, with a special emphasis on the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The chapters analyse the creation and function of commodity, labour, and financial markets; the role of race, ethnicity, gender, and class in the formation of coffee societies; the interaction between technology and ecology; and the impact of colonial powers, nationalist regimes, and the forces of the world economy in the forging of economic development and political democracy Frontmatter Introduction: Coffee and Global Development (Steven Topik, University of California, Irvine William Gervase Clarence-Smith, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, page 1) I. ORIGINS OF THE WORLD COFFEE ECONOMY 1. The Integration of the World Coffee Market (Steven Topik, University of California, Irvine, page 21) 2. Coffee in the Red Sea Area from the Sixteenth to the Nineteenth Century (Michel Tuchscherer, IREMAM, Aix-en-Provence, France, page 50) 3. The Origins and Development of Coffee Production in Réunion and Madagascar, 1711-1972 (Gwyn Campbell, Université d'Avignon, France, page 67) 4. The Coffee Crisis in Asia, Africa, and the Pacific, 1870-1914 (William Gervase Clarence-Smith, University of London, page 100) 5. The Historical Construction of Quality and Competitiveness: A Preliminary Discussion of Coffee Commodity Chains (Mario Samper K., Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, page 120) II. PEASANTS: RACE, GENDER, AND PROPERTY 6. Coffee Cultivation in Java, 1830-1917 (M. R. Fernando, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, page 157) 7. Labor, Race, and Gender on the Coffee Plantations in Ceylon (Sri Lanka), 1834-1880 (Rachel Kurian, Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, Netherlands, page 173) 8. Coffee and Indigenous Labor in Guatemala, 1871-1980 (David McCreery, Georgia State University, Atlanta, page 191) 9. Patriarchy from Above, Patriarchy from Below: Debt Peonage on Nicaraguan Coffee Estates, 1870-1930 (Elizabeth Dore, University of Southhampton, U.K., page 209) 10. Small Farmers and Coffee in Nicaragua (Julie Charlip, Whitman College, Walla Walla, Washington, page 236) III. COFFEE, POLITICS, AND STATE BUILDING 11. Coffee and the Recolonization of Highland Chiapas, Mexico: Indian Communities and Plantation Labor, 1892-1912 (Jan Rus, Instituto de Asesoria Antropológica para la Región Maya, Chiapas, Mexico, page 257) 12. Comparing Coffee Production in Cameroon and Tanganyika, c.1900 to 1960s: Land, Labor, and Politics (Andreas Eckert, Humboldt Universität, Berlin, Germany, page 286) 13. Smaller Is Better: A Consensus of Peasants and Bureaucrats in Colonial Tanganyika (Kenneth Curtis, California State University, Long Beach, page 312) 14. On Paths Not Taken: Commercial Capital and Coffee Production in Costa Rica (LowellW. Gudmundson, Mt. Holyoke College, page 335) 15. Coffee and Development of the Rio de Janeiro Economy, 1888-1920 (Hildete Pereira de Melo, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, page 360) Conclusion: New Propositions and a Research Agenda (Steven Topik andWilliam Gervase Clarence-Smith, page 385) Appendix: Historical Statistics of Coffee Production and Trade from 1700 to 1960 (Mario Samper and Radin Fernando, page 411) Index (page 463) The Integration Of The World Coffee Market / Steven Topik -- Coffee In The Red Sea Area From The 16th To The 19th Century / Michel Tuchscherer -- The Origins And Development Of Coffee Production In Réunion And Madagascar, 1711-1960 / Gwyn Campbell -- The Coffee Crisis In Asia, Africa, And The Pacific, 1870-1914 / William Gervase Clarence-smith -- The Historical Construction Of Quality And Competitiveness: A Preliminary Discussion Of Coffee Commodity Chains / Mario Samper K. -- Coffee Cultivation In Java, 1830-1907 / M. R. Fernando -- Labor, Race And Gender On The Coffee Plantations In Ceylon (sri Lanka), 1834-1880 / Rachel Kurien -- Coffee And Indigenous Labor In Guatemala, 1871-1980 / David Mccreery -- Patriarchy From Above, Patriarchy From Below, Debt Peonage On Nicaraguan Coffee Estates, 1870-1930 / Elizabeth Dore -- Small Farmers And Coffee In Nicaragua / Julie Charlip -- Coffee And Recolonization Of Highland Chiapas, Mexico: Indian Communities And Plantation Labor, 1892-1912 / Jan Rus -- Comparing Coffee Production In Cameroon And Tanzania, C. 1900 To 1960s: Land, Labor And Politics / Andreas Eckert -- Smaller Is Better: A Consensus Of Peasants And Bureaucrats In Colonial Tanganyika / Kenneth Curtis -- On Paths Not Taken: Commercial Capital And Coffee Production In Costa Rica / Lowell Gudmundson / Coffee And Development Of The Rio De Janeiro Economy: 1888-1920 / Hildete Pereira De Melo -- Conclusion: New Propositions And A Research Agenda / Steven Topik And William Gervase Clarence-smith - Appendix: Historical Statistics Of Coffee Production And Trade From 1700 To 1960 / Mario Samper And Radin Fernando. Edited By William Gervase Clarence-smith, Steven Topik. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Emphasizing the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, this volume brings together scholars from nine countries who study coffee markets and societies over the last five centuries in fourteen countries, on four continents, and across the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The chapters analyze the creation and function of commodity, labor, and financial markets; the role of race, ethnicity, gender, and class in the formation of coffee societies; the interaction between technology and ecology; and the impact of colonial powers, nationalist regimes, and the forces of the world economy in the forging of economic development and political democracy. Coffee is a palpable and long-standing manifestation of globalization. For five hundred years coffee has been grown in tropical countries for consumption in temperate regions. This book explores the creation and function of commodity, labor, and financial markets; the role of race, ethnicity, gender, and class in the formation of coffee societies; the interaction between technology and ecology; and the impact of colonial powers, nationalist regimes, and the forces of the world economy in the forging of economic development and political democracy