The Fragrant Companions: A Play About Love Between Women (Translations from the Asian Classics)

Two young gentry women meet by chance at a nunnery in Yangzhou, where they fall in love at first sight. After they exchange poetry and recognize each other's literary talents, their emotional bond deepens. They conduct a mock wedding ceremony at the nunnery and hatch a plan to spend the rest of their lives together. Their schemes are stymied by a series of obstacles, but in the end the two women find an unlikely resolution—a ménage-à-trois marriage. The Fragrant Companions is the most significant work of literature that portrays female same-sex love in the entire premodern Chinese tradition. Written in 1651 by Li Yu, one of the most inventive and irreverent literary figures of seventeenth-century China, this play is at once an unconventional romantic comedy, a barbed satire, and a sympathetic portrayal of love between women. It offers a sensitive portrait of the two women's passion for each other, depicts their intellectual pursuits and resourcefulness, and celebrates their partial triumph over social convention. At the same time, Li caustically mocks the imperial examination system and deflates the idealized image of the male scholar. The Fragrant Companions is both an indispensable source for students and scholars of gender and sexuality in premodern China and a compelling work of literature for all readers interested in China's rich theatrical traditions. Cover 1 10.7312_li--20628-fm 2 10.7312_li--20628-toc 6 10.7312_li--20628-001 8 10.7312_li--20628-002 36 10.7312_li--20628-003 42 10.7312_li--20628-004 48 10.7312_li--20628-005 50 10.7312_li--20628-006 54 10.7312_li--20628-007 56 10.7312_li--20628-008 65 10.7312_li--20628-009 73 10.7312_li--20628-010 79 10.7312_li--20628-011 88 10.7312_li--20628-012 100 10.7312_li--20628-013 108 10.7312_li--20628-014 114 10.7312_li--20628-015 122 10.7312_li--20628-016 134 10.7312_li--20628-017 142 10.7312_li--20628-018 151 10.7312_li--20628-019 158 10.7312_li--20628-020 167 10.7312_li--20628-021 176 10.7312_li--20628-022 184 10.7312_li--20628-023 193 10.7312_li--20628-024 200 10.7312_li--20628-025 209 10.7312_li--20628-026 220 10.7312_li--20628-027 229 10.7312_li--20628-028 233 10.7312_li--20628-029 239 10.7312_li--20628-030 243 10.7312_li--20628-031 252 10.7312_li--20628-032 265 10.7312_li--20628-033 273 10.7312_li--20628-034 279 10.7312_li--20628-035 288 10.7312_li--20628-036 296 10.7312_li--20628-037 305 10.7312_li--20628-038 309 10.7312_li--20628-039 317 10.7312_li--20628-040 323 10.7312_li--20628-041 330 10.7312_li--20628-042 338 10.7312_li--20628-043 344 10.7312_li--20628-044 378 10.7312_li--20628-045 386 "Written in 1651, The Fragrant Companions is the first of ten extant chuanqi plays by Li Yu. The play, told in 36 acts, is one of the only literary works of pre-modern China that focuses on the theme of lesbian love. The play tells the story of two young ladies of the gentry who fall in love with each other after exchanging poems in a nunnery and overcome different obstacles to be together through a recognized marriage-by marrying the same husband. While its finale of a heterosexual marriage seems to reconcile with the Confucian gender ideology, polygamy, and the patriarchal social order, the play is really about the two women's genuine love and passion for each other; their mutual longing when separated; their efforts and resourcefulness to surmount social bias and impediments; and the triumph of their love over social mandates and expectations"-- Provided by publisher