The Forest-Atmosphere Interaction : Proceedings of the Forest Environmental Measurements Conference Held at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, October 23–28, 1983

The effects of meteorological phenomena upon forest produc­ tivity and forestry operations have been of concern for many years. With the evolution of system-level studies of forest eco­ system structure and function in the International Biological Program and elsewhere, more fundamental interactions between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere received scientific atten­ tion but the emphasis on meteorological and climatological effects on forest processes remained. More recently, as recogni­ tion has developed of potential and actual problems associated with the atmospheric transport, dispersion, and deposition of airborne pollutants, the effects of forest canopies upon boundary-layer meteorological phenomena has come under scientific scrutiny. Looking to the future, with rising atmospheric con­ centrations of C02 and increasing competition for the finite fresh-water resources of the earth, interest in the role of forests in global C02 and water balances can also be expected to intensify. Thus, the nature of forest canopy-atmosphere interac­ tions, that is to say, the meteorological phenomena occurring in and above forest canopies, are of importance to a wide variety of scientific and social-issues. Demands for forest meteorological information currently exceed levels of knowledge and given the economic constraints of science in general and environmental sciences in particular, chances for major improvements in scien­ tific support in the near future are slim. Unfortunately, studies of environmental phenomena in and above forests are costly and logistically difficult. Trees, the ecological dominants of forest ecosystems, are the largest of all terrestrial organisms. Front Matter....Pages i-xix Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Characterization of Boundary Conditions Affecting Forest Environmental Phenomena....Pages 3-23 Meteorological Data Stations at Long-Term Ecological Research Sites....Pages 25-37 Leaf and Bark Area Distribution in a Pine Forest....Pages 39-58 Canopy Architecture of a Red Maple Edge Stand Measured by a Point Drop Method....Pages 59-70 Estimations of Surface Roughnesses and Displacement Heights Above a Growing Pine Forest from Wind Profile Measurements Over a Period of Ten Years....Pages 71-90 Preliminary Study of Dependence of Surface Conductance of Thetford Forest on Environmental Conditions....Pages 91-104 Data Acquisition for Forest Environmental Measurements in Sweden....Pages 105-115 An Approach to Microcomputer Based Data Acquisition and Control for Forest Environmental Measurements....Pages 117-132 Sulfur Dioxide, Carbon Dioxide, and Water Vapor Flux Measurements Utilizing a Microprocessor-Controlled Data Acquisition System in A Pine Plantation....Pages 133-147 Data Acquisition System for Wind Induced Tree Vibration....Pages 149-159 A Forest Evapotranspiration Model Using Synoptic Weather Data....Pages 161-176 Simulating Interception Loss Using Standard Meteorological Data....Pages 177-196 Adapting an Agricultural Soil-Plant-Air-Water Model for use in Forests....Pages 197-210 Determination of the Energy Exchanges of a Forest-Type Culture: Hevea Brasiliensis....Pages 211-233 Determination of the Year-To-Year Variation in Growing Season Water Use of a Douglas-Fir Stand....Pages 235-254 An Areally Intensive Approach to Hydrologic Nutrient Transport in Forested Watersheds....Pages 255-270 A Lysimeter Characterization of Evaporation by Eucalypt Forest and its Representativeness for the Local Environment....Pages 271-291 Lysimetric Evaluation of Pine Forest Evapotranspiration....Pages 293-308 Variability of Rainfall Chemistry Within a 40 HA Field in North Central West Virginia....Pages 309-318 Measurements of Solar Radiation on Vertical Surfaces in the Shade of Individual Trees....Pages 319-335 Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Urban Forest Cover and Aggregation from High-Altitude Aerial Photographs....Pages 337-348 A Device for Rapid Quantification of Seedling Morphology....Pages 349-359 Application of Atmospheric Tracer Techniques for Determining Biogenic Hydrocarbon Fluxes from an Oak Forest....Pages 361-382 Analysis of Forest Environmental Measurements to Estimate Parameters of Microclimate and Air Pollution Deposition Velocity Models....Pages 383-393 Internal Consistency of the Bowen Ratio Approach to Flux Estimation Over Forested Wetland....Pages 395-404 Front Matter....Pages 405-405 On Diffusive and Dispersive Fluxes in Forest Canopies....Pages 407-419 Flux-Gradient Relationships in a Forest Canopy....Pages 421-442 Turbulent Transport in Flexible Plant Canopies....Pages 443-480 Modeling Turbulent Exchange in Forest Canopies....Pages 481-499 Modeling Windfields and Surface Layer Wind Profiles Over Complex Terrain and Within Vegetative Canopies....Pages 501-520 Modelling Canopy Exchanges of Water Vapor and Carbon Dioxide in Coniferous Forest Plantations....Pages 521-542 Correlated Vertical Wind Speeds in a Spruce Canopy....Pages 543-561 Spatial and Temporal Variation of Eddy Flux Measures of Heat and Momentum in the Roughness Sublayer Above a 30-m Douglas-Fir Forest....Pages 563-581 Eddy Diffusivity and Instrument Resolution in Relation to Plant Height....Pages 583-590 Variability of Short Term Eddy-Correlation Estimates of Mass Exchange....Pages 591-612 Some Estimates of Dissipation from Turbulent Velocity Component Gradients Over a Forest Canopy....Pages 613-630 Application of Forest Canopy—Atmosphere Turbulent Exchange Information....Pages 631-644 Measurements of Turbulent Heat and CO 2 Exchange Over Forests from Aircraft....Pages 645-658 Panel Discussion on Research Needs and Directions....Pages 659-664 Back Matter....Pages i-xix Proceedings of the Forest Environmental Measurements Conference held at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, October 23-28, 1983