The First Modern Risk: Workplace Accidents and the Origins of European Social States (Studies in Legal History)

## The First Modern Risk During the late nineteenth century, many countries across Europe adopted national legislation that required employers to compensate workers injured or killed in accidents at work. These laws suggested that the risk of accidents was inherent to work and not due to individual negligence. By focusing on Britain, Germany and Italy during this time, Julia Moses demonstrates how these laws reflected a major transformation in thinking about the nature of individual responsibility and social risk. The First Modern Risk illuminates the implications of this conceptual revolution for the role of the state in managing problems of everyday life, transforming understandings about both the obligations and rights of individuals. Drawing on a wide array of disciplines including law, history and politics, Moses offers a fascinating transnational view of a pivotal moment in the evolution of the welfare state. In August 2008, The British Government Released Its First 'national Risk Register', Which Contained An 'assessment Of The Risks Of Civil Emergencies Facing People In The Uk'. The Register Has Been Updated Every Two Years Since 'to Ensure That Changes To The Assessment Of Risks In Terms Of Impact, Plausibility And Likelihood Are Correctly Captured'. By 2015, The Most Significant Risks Facing Britons Were Identified As Pandemic Flu And Issues Associated With Weather, From Coastal Flooding To Heatwaves And Gales, Alongside 'catastrophic Terrorist Attacks' And 'widespread Electricity Failure'. 'major Industrial Accidents' Ranked Just Behind. Regardless Of Where Each Of These Risks Fell On The Scale, It Was Clear That The State Would Be Called Upon To Plan For And Clean Up After Each Of Them. Accordingly, A Separate Document On 'central Government's Concept Of Operations' Outlined How, In Theory, The State, With Government As Its Agent, Would Act As Risk Manager-- Accidents, Freedom And Modernity In The Nineteenth Century -- Occupational Risk, Work And The Nation State -- Spreading Risk, Forging Solidarity -- Taking Risks And Dismissing Fate -- Workers, Citizens And The State -- Risk Societies As 'people's Communities'. Julia Moses. Includes Bibliographical References (pages 276-310) And Index. "En agosto de 2008, el gobierno británico publicó su primer "Registro Nacional de Riesgos", que contenía una "evaluación de los riesgos de las emergencias civiles a las que se enfrentan las personas en el Reino Unido". El Registro se actualiza cada dos años desde entonces "para garantizar que los cambios en la evaluación de los riesgos en términos de impacto, plausibilidad y probabilidad se reflejan correctamente". En 2015, los riesgos más importantes a los que se enfrentaban los británicos eran la gripe pandémica y los problemas relacionados con el clima, desde las inundaciones costeras hasta las olas de calor y los vendavales, junto con los "ataques terroristas catastróficos" y los "fallos generalizados en el suministro eléctrico". Los'accidentes industriales graves' se sitúan justo detrás. Independientemente de la escala de cada uno de estos riesgos, era evidente que el Estado tendría que planificar y limpiar después de cada uno de ellos. Por consiguiente, un documento separado sobre el "Concepto de Operaciones del Gobierno Central" describía cómo, en teoría, el estado, con el gobierno como su agente, actuaría como gestor de riesgos"-- Proporcionado por el editor "In August 2008, the British government released its first 'National Risk Register', which contained an 'assessment of the risks of civil emergencies facing people in the UK'. The Register has been updated every two years since 'to ensure that changes to the assessment of risks in terms of impact, plausibility and likelihood are correctly captured'. By 2015, the most significant risks facing Britons were identified as pandemic flu and issues associated with weather, from coastal flooding to heatwaves and gales, alongside 'catastrophic terrorist attacks' and 'widespread electricity failure'. 'Major industrial accidents' ranked just behind. Regardless of where each of these risks fell on the scale, it was clear that the state would be called upon to plan for and clean up after each of them. Accordingly, a separate document on 'Central Government's Concept of Operations' outlined how, in theory, the state, with government as its agent, would act as risk manager"-- Provided by publisher Présentation de l'éditeur : "During the late nineteenth century, many countries across Europe adopted national legislation that required employers to compensate workers injured or killed in accidents at work. These laws suggested that the risk of accidents was inherent to work and not due to individual negligence. By focusing on Britain, Germany, and Italy during this time, Julia Moses demonstrates how these laws reflected a major transformation in thinking about the nature of individual responsibility and social risk. The First Modern Risk illuminates the implications of this conceptual revolution for the role of the state in managing problems of everyday life, transforming understandings about both the obligations and rights of individuals. Drawing on a wide array of disciplines including law, history, and politics, Moses offers a fascinating transnational view of a pivotal moment in the evolution of the welfare state." Dedication Contents List of Figures List of Tables Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations Introduction 1 Accidents, Freedom and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century 2 Occupational Risk, Work and the Nation State 3 Spreading Risk, Forging Solidarity 4 Taking Risks and Dismissing Fate 5 Workers, Citizens and the State 6 Risk Societies as ‘People’s Communities’ Conclusion Appendix Bibliography Index Examines Europe's first significant national policies on social welfare in the late nineteenth century, which had major implications for state-society relations