The Famine of 1931–1933 in Central Kazakhstan : Collection of Archival Documents and Memoirs

The collection contains materials of archival documents and memoirs concerning the famine of 1931-1933 in Central Kazakhstan. Various documents from the archives reveal to the reader the most difficult period of the Soviet history of Kazakhstan, associated with the dispossession of the kulaks and debaiization of the Kazakh village and aul, Stalinist forced collectivization, forced sedentarization of nomadic Kazakh farms, large-scale cattle, meat and grain procurements, famine and epidemics in the republic. The publication introduces previously unpublished archival materials from the Central and regional archives of Kazakhstan into scientific circulation. In addition, the collection includes the memories of famine witnesses preserved by their descendants. The collection is addressed to researchers, students, as well as a wide range of readers interested in the history of Kazakhstan. Nurlan Dulatbekov has led a team of Kazakh historians in this archival research Contents Editor and Contributors About the Editor Contributors Abbreviations 1 Preface *** 2 Archival Documents No 1 From Information on Stable Legality During Various Tax Campaigns in Karkaraly District No 2 From the Minutes of the Extraordinary Meeting Karkaraly District Committee of the AUCP(b) “On the Situation of Confiscated Cattle in the Kuva District” No 3 Information About the State of Village Councils and Farms of Kazakh Districts of Karkaraly District No 4 Resolution No 17 of the Akmola District Executive Committee No 5 Growth of Livestock in Karkaraly County Kazakh, Russian and Other Population from 1916 to 1927 No 6 Letter from the Chairman of the Industrial DEC, Directed to the Chairman of the Minkov Village Council on the Immediate Ban on the Sale of Livestock to the Kulak Part of the Village No 7 Letter from the Chairman of the Industrial DEC, Directed to the Chairman of the Minkov Village Council About the Beginning of Complete Collectivization in the Industrial Area No 8 Letter from the Chairman of the Industrial DEC About the Immediate Ban on the Sale of Livestock to the Kulak Part of the Village No 9 Letter from the Chairman of the Industrial DEC, Directed to the Chairman of the Minkov Village Council on the Immediate Ban on the Sale of Livestock to the Kulak Part of the Village No 10 An Agreement on Socialist Competition Between Zeleno-Balkovsk and Tikhonov Village Councils on the Opening of 20 Pits with Hidden Kulak Bread No 11 A Letter from the Chairman of the Operative Triple of the INDUSTRIAL DEC, Directed to the Chairman of the Khlebny Village Council, on the Procedure for Distributing the Proceeds from the Delivery of Procurement Organizations found In the Pits of Bread No 12 Report on Organizational and Mass the Work of the Minkovsky Village Council No 13 From Information on the Contamination of Collective Farms in the Chubartau District No 14 Information About the Release of Mobilized Forensic Investigators No 15 From Reports About on Collectivization in the Berkary and Khoroshev Districts of Karaganda Region No 16 Information Summary of the People's Commissariat of Justice of the KASSR with Data on Criminal Cases Related to the Sowing Campaign and Collectivization No 17 From Information on the Activities of Those Authorized to Carry Out Collective Farm Construction in the Karkaraly District No 18 From Information on Collective Farm Construction in Chet and Abralin and in Other Areas No 19 Report Authorized Government Commission in the Kazkraykom of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks About the Events in the Balkhash Region No 20 From a Memorandum on Political State of the Karkaraly District No 21 From the Reports of the ARUSPA on the Political State of the Karkaraly District No 22 From Information on Collective Farm Construction in Chet, Kuv, Chubartav, Karkaraly and Other Areas No 23 From Materials on the Progress of Work on Settlement in Migrant Nomadic and Semi-Migrant Nomadic Areas No 24 Based on the Materials of the Protocols Bureau of the Karkaraly District Committee of the AUCP(b) No 25 From the Special Report No 1 on the Cattle-Harvesting Campaign of 1930/1931 in the KSSR No 26 Theses. Settling of the Kazakh Migrant Nomadic and Semi-Migrant Nomadic Working Population. Report of Comrade Ernazarov at the Congress of Soviets No 27 Resolution of the Bureau of the Karkaraly District Committee of the AUCP(b) and the District Committee of the AUCP(b) of 2–6/IV-1931 on Cattle Procurement No 28 A Brief Overview of the Course of Subsidence No 29 Protocol Presidium of the Telman District Executive Committee No 30 Information Summary of the Operational-Search Department of the District Police Department for the KASSR No 31 Information About Vagrancy in Nura and Zhana-Arka Districts No 32 Telegram About the Famine in the Karkaraly District No 33 Telegram About the Outrages Committed by Representatives of the Chetsky District Executive Committee No 34 Telegram About Incidents in Kounrad, Guryev and Other Districts No 35 From a Summary of the Farms that Migrated Outside of Kazakhstan After Accounting for 1930 No 36 From the Report of Settling Progress No 37 From the Information Report of the Karkaralinsky District DEC on the State of Animal Husbandry and Measures for the Development of Socialist Animal Husbandry in the Karkaraly District No 38 From the Report on the Kulak-Bay Elements in the Leadership of the Karkaraly District No 39 From the Resolution of the Bureau of the Karaganda District Party No 40 From the Minutes of the Extraordinary Meeting of the Presidium of the Nura District No 41 From Information About the Situation in the Sary-Suisky District No 42 From the Act of Inspection of the Kulak Settlement Tonrekey District of Karaganda Region No 43 From the Telegram About the Famine in the Collective Farms of the Karaganda Region No 44 From the Telegram About the Typhus Epidemic in Karaganda No 45 The Act on the Increased Cases of Mortality Among the Population Karaganda Region No 46 Telegram to the Karaganda Regional Executive Committee About the Shortage of Bread No 47 From Protocol No 31 Meetings of the Council of People’s Commissars of the KASSR No 48 From the Report on the Administrative and Economic Condition of the Karkaraly District No 49 From Information About the Settlement and Arrangement of Migrant Returnees in Karaganda Region No 50 From Information About the Epidemic in the Zhanaarka District No 51 From the Information Report of the Karkaraly District Executive Committee on the State of Animal Husbandry in the Region No 52 Information About Cases of Theft and Cattle Theft in the Districts of the Karaganda Region No 53 From Protocol No 18 Closed Meeting of the Secretariat of the Karaganda Regional Committee of the AUCP(b) No 54 Information from the Results of the Plenary Session Karkaraly District Executive Committee No 55 Information About Collectivization, Settling and Animal Husbandry in Nura District No 56 From the Resolution of the Meeting on Cattle Rustling in the Karaganda Region No 57 From Information About Procurement Organizations in the Karaganda Region No 58 From the Information About the Strengthening of the Fight Against Kulak and Bays No 59 Information About Cases of Disease and Slaughter of Livestock in the Districts of the Karaganda Region No 60 Information on the Termination of the Eviction of Kulaks-Bai of the Nura District No 61 Information About Cases of Mass Illness in Tokarevsky District of Karaganda Region No 62 Information About the Contamination by Kulak Elements of the Governance of the Collective Farms of the Telmanov District No 63 From the Decision of the Bureau of the Civil Code of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks “On the Fight Against Epidemic Diseases” No 64 Information About the Systematic Theft of Bread from the Fields of Karlag USPA No 65 A Memorandum on the Results of the Verification of Materials on the Production of Labor in In Zhana-Arka district No 66 A Report on the Progress of Settling in the Sary-Su District of Karaganda Region No 67 A Memorandum on the State of Homelessness in the Karaganda Region No 68 From Materials on the State of Work to Combat Homelessness in the Karkaraly District in 1932 No 69 From the Report of the Brigade of the People’s Commissariat of Health of the RSFSR on the Work Carried Out in the City Karaganda from 9/VIII to 7/X-32 Years No 70 From the Information Letter No 2 About Hunger in the Karaganda Region No 71 From Protocol No 4 Closed Meeting of the Bureau of the Karaganda City Committee of the CPSU(b) No 72 From the Information About Labor and Mortality Among Special Settlers Working in the Karugl System No 73 From the Minutes of the Meeting of the Five on Migration at the Karaganda City Committee of the AUCP(b) No 74 From the Meeting of the Members of the Bureau of the Karaganda City Committee of the AUCP(b) No 75 From the Information About the Production Work in the Kazakh Collective Farms of the Tonkerei District of the Karaganda Region No 76 From the Information About the Production Work at the Gold Mines in the Enbekshilder District of the Karaganda Region No 77 From the Report on the State of Healthcare in Karaganda No 78 From the Memo on the Catastrophic State of the Village No 13 of the State Farm “Karugol” No 79 From the Information About the Product Difficulties in the Collective Farm “Paris Commune” of Aryk-Balyk District of Karaganda Region No 80 From Information on Remedial Measures Migrant Nomads in the Karaganda Region No 81 From the Report on the State of Kazakh Farms in Karaganda No 82 From Materials on the Implementation of Grain Deliveries and Other Agricultural Activities in the Regions of Kazakhstan No 83 The State of Animal Husbandry Livestock Dynamics from 1928 to 1933 No 84 From Materials on the Assessment of the Past in the Reconstruction of the Kazakh Village No 85 From the Settling Progress Report No 86 From Materials on Settling No 87 From Information on the Progress of Settling Works No 88 From the Minutes of the Karaganda No 89 From the Memos of the Secretary of the Nura District of the Committee of the AUCP(b) “On the Development of Animal Husbandry in the District” No 90 From the Memorandum on Collectivization in the Karaganda Region of the KASSR No 91 Analysis of the Results of the Cattle Census on January 1, 1935 Sheep: Collective Farm and Peasant Sector No 92 From the Memos of ZhanAarkф District 3 Memories and Interviews: Famine in the Steppe Moldakash Belgibayuly (1894–1969), Ru: Argyn-Karakesek-Karakempir Ilyas Abduov (1906–1990), Ru: Karakesek-Alteke-Akbota Bimaria Baimendekyzy (1914–1993), Ru: Kuandyk-Enen Tokasy-Myrzambet-Doskana Manash Mukashkyzy (Born in 1937), Ru: Kuandyk-Kenzhekara Bibigul Kalmaganbetkyzy (1911–2002), Ru: Argyn-Alsai Aben Aitzhanuly “Naubet” (1953–2017), Ru: Argyn—Boshan-Baibory Smagul Yesekeyuly (1878–1960), Ru: Argyn—Boshan—Baib Seal Zhanylgan Saduakaskyzy (1923–1983), Ru: Argyn-Karakesek-Kara Toishybek Mynbasov (1905–1993), Ru: Kyrgyz Zeynep Rakhimbay (1906–1998) Kuat Moldakhmetov (1917–1918. Born., Year of Death Unknown), Ru: Tobykty-Zhailau Kurgan Amirkhamzauly (Born 1927), Ru: Middle Zhuz-Torykypshak-Kara Toty Musataykyzy (Born in 1944), Ru: Tobykty—Kuttybay Appaz Toreuly Torenov (1928–2009), Ru: Naiman-Aktaz—Kuttymbet Suleymenova Korlan Halykkyzy (1928–2019), Ru: Toka Apian Idyrisov (1917–1998), Ru: Khoja Aralbay Seitenuly (1905–1967), Ru: Buranshi-Bakal Bibekesh Kalieva (1918–2009), Ru: Takabai Makesh (Maryam) Suleimenkyzy (Born in 1900), Ru: Zhanibek Kuspek Ybyraiuly Omarchanov (1925–1996), Ru: Argyn-Bertis Rymkesh Donkebayeva (1922–2015), Ru: Kudaiberli Lyailya Ilyaskyzy Mahabayeva (Born 1935), Ru: Argyn-Karakesek-Kerney Sapiolla Aldahiyaruly Nazarov (1910–194?), Ru: Khoja Nurkhaua Karibayeva (1888–1974), Ru: Naiman Kabdulsamet Abdikadyrov (1895–1984), Ru: Karzhas-Altyntori Sharzhan Kazhybaykyzy (Born in 1912), Ru: Kushikbay Kani Karimkyzy (1932–2017), Ru: Karakesek-Zhanibek Makila Akhmetzhankyzy (1901–1981), Ru: Karakesek-Konyshtagai-Karamende Idris Abikeyev (1918–1993), Ru: Karakesek Gulbaram Kiyakbayeva (1909–2004), Ru: Shekshek Mariyam Zhumakayeva, Ru: Karakesek Mukhtar Tursymbayev (Born in 1948) Damesh Togyzbaykyzy (Born in 1948), Ru: Argyn-Karakesek-Karson Mansur Auesbayuly Iskakov (1916–1992), Ru: Argyn—Karakesek—Baibori Kazanbai Zhanbyrshiuly (1902–1982), Ru: Naiman—Aktaz—Badana Buldybala Bulekbaykyzy (1905–1977), Ru: Sredny Zhuz, Zhalantos Zhibek Abildina (Born in 1935), Ru—Karsan, Three Brothers Duzei Marziya Bolendikyzy Auelbek Baikozhaev Interview with Kamel Zhunistegy, Member of the Board of the Writers’ Union of Kazakhstan, Winner of the Order of Honor – then the ruling party did not care at all! is it all solved by the State political administration? Were there no citizens who tried to save the country? Interview with the Famous Writer, Journalist, Local Historian, and Member of the Union of Writers of the Republic of Kazakhstan Zhanbolat Bashar Alua Marzalieva (Born in 1936), Ru: Tortkara Kurmangali Kenzhebaiuly Alshynbayev (Born in 1941), Ru: Saidaly Zhanyl Amanzholova (Born in 1946), Ru: Alsai Kapira Amanzholkyzy (Born in 1948), Ru: Saidaly Karlyga Abentaykyzy Esenzhan (Born in 1959) Klara Mukazhankyzy (Born 1932), Ru: Toka Nesipbala Kusainkyzy (Born in 1959), Ru: Tinali-Amandyk Altyn Shortanbaikyzy (Born in 1936), Ru: Karzhas Kabdikarim Tilesov (Born in 1925), Ru: Naiman Ulbosyn Ushankyzy Tyrmatova (b. 1947) Abdirakhman Bildebayuly (1896–1980), Ru: Karakesek—Karson—Baimurat Toleu Zhunusbekov (1904–1983), Ru: Alteke—Baigara Rabiga Suleymenkyzy Zhanagulova (1907–1997), Ru: Kozgan Orymbai Donentayuly (1894–1971), Ru: Argyn—Karakesek—Alteke Smagul Mukhamedzhanov (1895–1980), Ru: Karakesek Ibrai Ramazanov (1915–1995), Ru: Atygay—Karaul Anipa Ynkarbekkyzy (1878–1980), Ru: Kudaiberli Saduaqas Manyzuly (1880s—Approximately 1935), Ru: Bori—Basentiin Mullah Kabysh (Approximately: 1894–1938), Ru: Argyn-Karzhas Abdrakhman Sakauov (Died 1954), Ru: Karzhas Smagul Rayys (1934–2016), Ru: Aydabol Rymtai Ermakashevna Balieva (Born 1936), Ru: Karzhas Khafiz Husainovich Valitov (1905–1978) Zeitin Akishevich Akishev (1911–1991), Ru: Argyn Descendants of Tazhekeuly Upi Kazhy, Ru: Karakesek Gabdiyazdan Yerzhanuly (1902–1993), Ru: Kypshak Tleugabyl Uskembaev (Born 1924) and Zura Sharipova (Born 1921) Karybay Akhmetov (1912–2002), Ru: Sarmantai Zhakan Smakhanov (1932–2018), Ru: Tobykty—Asylbay Batima Amanbaykyzy Ikhanbayeva (1919–1996) Kalybek Turbekov (Born 1936) Bitim Akhmetov 4 Migrant Nomads Bikamal Kalkabay (1930–2015), ru: Naiman Abdikabai Calykbaev (1898–1982), ru: Alteke – Zharas Tnali Asainov (1890–1970), ru: Zholaba—Kypshak—Istyk Isiny Iskak (1885–1958), ru: Atygai, and Kadisha (1903–1970), ru: Karaul Abdrakhman Sartabayev (b. 1912), ru: Karakesek—Tleubai—Taishyk Kali Baimenuly (1890–1978), ru: Kyrgyz Satu Kakenov 5 Special Migrants Bikmaev Yunus Husainovich (1905–1955) and Kashifa Sabirovna (1905–1988) Anikina Daria Stepanovna and Arefiy Timofeevich Philippova Matryona Petrovna (1888–1971) and Andrey Afinogenovich (1887–1954) The Ermolayev’s family The Mikhailov’s family The Shabanov’s family Butuzov Dmitry Antipovich and Praskovya Vasilievna Ivan Philippovich Malkin (1876–1932) Bushuev Efrem Vasilyevich (1886–1932) and Natalya Rodionovna (1890–1979) Kulikov Yakov Yakovlevich (1898–1983) and Vasilisa Ilyinichna (1900–1981) Savchenko Pelagia Yakovlevna (1878–1963) Bragin Ivan Semyonovich (1900–1980) and Maria Ivanovna (1900–1956) Shishova Anna Andreevna (1888–1954) Stepan Tikhonovich Grechkin (1882–1974) Papanova Anna Andreevna (1887–1977) Podvigin Nikolay Vasilievich The Kolesnikov’s family Kositsyna Lyudmila Grigorievna (b. 1946) Interview Romanova Valentina Alexandrovna Romanov Philipp Semyonovich Elena Vladimirovna Strahova Index