The Ethical Challenges Of Human Research: Selected Essays University Press Scholarship Online

The Use Of Human Beings As Research Subjects Poses Distinctive Ethical Issues. Subjects Of Medical Research Are Exposed To Risks Of Harm For The Sake Of Generating Scientific Knowledge That Can Benefit Future Patients And Society. Ethical Analysis Of The Challenges Posed By Research Involving Human Subjects Requires Careful Attention To The Contextual Details Of Scientific Experimentation. This Book Contains 22 Essays By Franklin G. Miller On Research Ethics Written Over A 15-year Period. With The Exception Of The First Essay, All Have Been Previously Published In Bioethics And Medical Journals. The Book Is Arranged Into Four Parts. Part One Addresses A General Ethical Perspective On The Protection Of Human Subjects In Clinical Research, Including Paternalism In Research Regulation And Acceptable Limits To Research Risks. The Essays In Part Two Examine Ethical Issues In Study Design. It Includes Ethical Analyses Of Controversial Types Of Medical Experimentation-studies That Provoke Psychiatric Symptoms, Induce Infections, Provide Patients With Placebos That Withhold Proven Effective Treatments Or Administer Fake Invasive Procedures, Test Experimental Treatments In Cancer Patients Who Have Exhausted All Standard Treatment Options, And Employ The Use Of Deception To Generate Scientifically Valid Data. Part Three Offers A Systematic Critique Of The Therapeutic Orientation To Clinical Trials And The Principle Of Clinical Equipoise, Which Is Widely Regarded As A Fundamental Norm For Randomized Treatment Studies. Part Four Takes Up A Range Of Ethical Issues Relating To Informed Consent For Research Participation, Including Examination Of The Therapeutic Misconception And Presentation Of A Novel Approach To The Validity Of Consent: The Fair Transaction Model. An Abiding Theme, Developed In Many Of The Essays Is That The Ethics Of Clinical Research Is Importantly Different From The Ethics Of Medical Care. Situating Research Ethics : Revisiting Beecher And Jonas -- Facing Up To Paternalism In Research Ethics / With Alan Wertheimer -- Limits To Research Risks / With Steven Joffe -- Psychiatric Symptom-provoking Studies : An Ethical Appraisal / With Donald L. Rosenstein -- The Ethical Challenge Of Infection-inducing Challenge Experiments / With Christine Grady -- Placebo-controlled Trials In Psychiatric Research : An Ethical Perspective -- What Makes Placebo-controlled Trials Unethical? / With Howard Brody -- Ethical Issues Concerning Research In Complementary And Alternative Medicine / With Ezekiel J. Emanuel, Donald L. Rosenstein, And Stephen E. Straus -- Sham Surgery : An Ethical Analysis -- Benefit In Phase 1 Oncology Trials: Therapeutic Misconception Or Reasonable Treatment Option? / With Steven Joffe -- Deception In Research On The Placebo Effect / With David Wendler And Leora C. Swartzman -- Debriefing And Accountability In Deceptive Research / With John P. Gluck, Jr. And David Wendler -- Professional Integrity In Clinical Research / With Donald L. Rosenstein And Evan G. Derenzo -- The Therapeutic Orientation To Clinical Trial / With Donald L. Rosenstein -- A Critique Of Clinical Equipoise : Therapeutic Misconception In The Ethics Of Clinical Trials / With Howard Brody -- Clinical Equipoise And The Incoherence Of Research Ethics / With Howard Brody -- Equipoise And The Dilemma Of Randomized Clinical Trials / With Steven Joffe -- Evaluating The Therapeutic Misconception / With Steven Joffe -- Is It Ethical To Keep Interim Findings Of Randomized Controlled Trials Confidential? / With David Wendler -- Research On Medical Records Without Informed Consent -- Coverage With Evidence Development : Ethical Issues And Policy Implications / With Steven D. Pearson -- The Fair Transaction Model Of Informed Consent : An Alternative To Autonomous Authorization / With Alan Wertheimer. Franklin G. Miller. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Situating research ethics : revisiting Beecher and Jonas Facing up to paternalism in research ethics Limits to research risks Psychiatric symptom-provoking studies : an ethical appraisal The ethical challenge of infection-inducing challenge experiments Placebo-controlled trials in psychiatric research : an ethical perspective What makes placebo-controlled trials unethical? Ethical issues concerning research on complementary and alternative medicine Sham surgery : an ethical analysis Deception in research on the placebo effect Debriefing and accountability in deceptive research Professional integrity in clinical researc The therapeutic orientation to clinical trial A critique of clinical equipoise : therapeutic misconception in the ethics of clinical trials Clinical equipoise and the incoherence of research ethics Equipoise and the randomized clinical trial dilemma Evaluating the therapeutic misconception Is it ethical to keep interim findings of randomized controlled trials confidential? Research on medical records without informed consent Coverage with evidence development : ethical issues and policy implications The fair transaction model of informed consent : an alternative to autonomous authorization. This book contains 22 essays on the ethics of research involving human subjects written over a 15-year period. Topics addressed include the ethics of clinical trials, controversial study designs, and informed consent.