The English Republican Exiles in Europe during the Restoration (Ideas in Context)

The Restoration of the Stuart monarchy in 1660 changed the lives of English republicans for good. Despite the Declaration of Breda, where Charles II promised to forgive those who had acted against his father and the monarchy during the Civil War and Interregnum, opponents of the Stuart regime felt unsafe, and many were actively persecuted. Nevertheless, their ideas lived on in the political underground of England and in the exile networks they created abroad. While much of the historiography of English republicanism has focused on the British Isles and the legacy of the English Revolution in the American colonies, this study traces the lives, ideas and networks of three seventeenth-century English republicans who left England for the European continent after the Restoration. Based on sources from a range of English and continental European archives, Gaby Mahlberg explores the lived experiences of these three exiles - Edmund Ludlow in Switzerland, Henry Neville in Italy, and Algernon Sidney - for a truly transnational perspective on early modern English republicanism. Cover Half-title Series information Title page Copyright information Dedication Contents List of Figures Acknowledgements Note on the Text List of Abbreviations and Conventions Introduction The English Republican Exiles in Europe The English Republican Exiles in Europe: Transnationalism and Religious Identity Sources and Methodology English Republicanism Definitions of Exile Exile and Liberty: The Republican Cause Leaving England Algernon Sidney (1623-1683) Edmund Ludlow (1617-1692) Henry Neville (1619-1694) Structure of the Book Part I Networks and Communities Chapter 1 Cross-Channel Connections Personal Connections, Local Communities, Transnational Networks The Kindness of Strangers? Religious and Political Bonds Ludlow's Way to Geneva Military and Civic Connections Reformed Ministers Sidney between Copenhagen, Hamburg and Rome Neville's Move to Florence Conclusion Chapter 2 Local Support, Confessional and Cross-Confessional Connections Introduction Ludlow's Swiss Protestant Networks Catholics and Dissenters Sidney's and Neville's Catholic Connections Sidney's Protestant Connections Sidney and the Frondeurs Nérac and Gascony Conclusion Part II Exiles, Assassins and Activism Chapter 3 The Nature of Exile and Its Dangers Introduction: Everyday Life in Exile Languages Finances Assumed Names Informers, Spies and the Assassination of John Lisle Friends and Foes News and Intelligence from England and Elsewhere Conclusion Chapter 4 Plots, Conspiracies and Ideas Introduction: The Republican Underground at Home and Abroad The Aborted Sidney Plot of 1665 The Failure of the Plot The Evolution of English Republican Ideas in Exile Republican Nostalgia and Visions Conclusion Part III Works of Exile Chapter 5 Ludlow's Protestant Vision Introduction: Ludlow as Author and Editor Les juges jugez, se justifiants (1663) Exile as a Spiritual Journey in the 'Voyce' Sufferers for the Lord's Sake Ludlow's Critique of Monarchy Ludlow on the Anglo-Dutch War Conclusion Chapter 6 Sidney's Rebellious Vision Introduction: The Court Maxims as Sidney's Call to Arms Structure and Argument The Restoration Monarchy Religion, Providence and Monarchical Power Liberty of Conscience Anglo-Dutch Relations and the Balance of Power in Europe The Manuscript of the Court Maxims and the Discourses Conclusion Chapter 7 Neville's Utopian Vision Introduction: Exile and Utopia The Isle of Pines I: Scripture and Creation The Isle of Pines II: Chaos and Constitutionalism The Isle of Pines III: Dutch Deception Colonial Ambitions, Race and Kinship Distance and Alienation The Experience of Defeat, or an Island with Potential? The Leiden Edition of The Isle Conclusion Epilogue Bibliography Primary Sources Archival and Manuscript Sources United Kingdom France Italy Netherlands Switzerland USA Printed Primary Sources Secondary Works Unpublished Theses Popular History and Fictional Accounts Television Shows Reference Works Index "The restoration of the Stuart monarchy in 1660 changed the lives of English republicans for good. Despite Charles II's Declaration of Breda, in which he had promised to forgive those who had acted against his father and the monarchy during the Civil War and Interregnum period, opponents of the Stuart regime felt unsafe, and many were actively persecuted. Nevertheless, their ideas lived on in the political underground in England and in the exile networks they created abroad. While much of the historiography of English republicanism has focused on the British Isles and the legacy of the English Revolution in the American colonies across the Atlantic, this book traces the lives, ideas and networks of three seventeenth-century English republicans who left England for the European continent after the Restoration: Edmund Ludlow in Switzerland, Henry Neville in Italy, and Algernon Sidney, who travelled widely across Europe before settling in the south of France. Bringing together the history of political thought with lived experience, this book offers novel insights into the ways in which the exiles' transnational networks contributed not only to the evolution of the republicans' political ideas but also helped to shape their lasting legacy on the Continent"-- Provided by publisher