The English Catholic Community, 1688-1745: Politics, Culture and Ideology (Studies in Early Modern Cultural, Political and Social History) (Volume 7)

The half-century following the Glorious Revolution has been viewed as a time of retreat and withdrawal for English Catholics: the response to tightening penal laws, periods in exile and the failures of the Jacobite cause. This book argues that the perception has arisen because research has been directed into the wrong places. It aims to recapture the eighteenth-century Catholic 'recusant' imagination through a study of hitherto unexplored treatises, manuscript literature and private correspondence preserved in family and religious archives. Contrary to the image of seclusion, Catholic lives were penetrated by questions of national identity, religious liberty and the authority of an international church: conflicts experienced not merely within their own nation, but in the European courts, seminaries and universities that supported them in exile. Their writings can be understood as commentaries on the state of a community trapped between the political, cultural and intellectual divisions that cut across the Roman Catholic world. Many were actively promoting change in church and state within Britain and Europe, and their arguments shaped the emergence of a 'Catholic Enlightenment' that outlasted the commitment to Jacobitism. The English Catholic Community investigates Catholic education and family life, scholarship, poetry and spirituality. It offers a fresh contribution to debates surrounding the history of the Jacobite movement, the construction of British national identity, and the origins of the Enlightenment. Gabriel Glickman is a lecturer in history at the University of Oxford. Table of Contents IntroductionEnglish Catholics and the Glorious Revolution of 1688The making of the Catholic gentry in England and in exileConscience, politics and the exiled court: the creation of the Catholic Jacobite manifesto 1689-1718Catholic politics in England 1688-1745Unity, heresy and disillusionment: Christendom, Rome and the Catholic JacobitesThe English Catholic Clergy and the creation of a Jacobite ChurchThe English Catholic Reformers and the Jacobite diasporaConclusionAppendicesBibliography A comprehensive examination of the English Catholic community in all its aspects.The half-century following the Glorious Revolution has been viewed as a time of retreat and withdrawal for English Catholics: the response to tightening penal laws, periods in exile and the failures of the Jacobite cause. This book argues that the perception has arisen because research has been directed into the wrong places. It aims to recapture the eighteenth-century Catholic'recusant'imagination through a study of hitherto unexplored treatises, manuscript literature and private correspondence preserved in family and religious archives. Contrary to the image of seclusion, Catholic lives were penetrated by questions of national identity, religious liberty and the authorityof an international church: conflicts experienced not merely within their own nation, but in the European courts, seminaries and universities that supported them in exile. Their writings can be understood as commentaries on the state of a community trapped between the political, cultural and intellectual divisions that cut across the Roman Catholic world. Many were actively promoting change in church and state within Britain and Europe, and their arguments shaped the emergence of a'Catholic Enlightenment'that outlasted the commitment to Jacobitism. The English Catholic Community investigates Catholic education and family life, scholarship, poetry and spirituality. Itoffers a fresh contribution to debates surrounding the history of the Jacobite movement, the construction of British national identity, and the origins of the Enlightenment. Gabriel Glickman is a lecturer in history at the University of Oxford.

The half-century following the Glorious Revolution has been viewed as a time of retreat and withdrawal for English Catholics: the response to tightening penal laws, periods in exile and the failures of the Jacobite cause. This book argues that the perception has arisen because research has been directed into the wrong places. It aims to recapture the eighteenth-century Catholic 'recusant' imagination through a study of hitherto unexplored treatises, manuscript literature and private correspondence preserved in family and religious archives. Contrary to the image of seclusion, Catholic lives were penetrated by questions of national identity, religious liberty and the authority of an international church: conflicts experienced not merely within their own nation, but in the European courts, seminaries and universities that supported them in exile. Their writings can be understood as commentaries on the state of a community trapped between the political, cultural and intellectual divisions that cut across the Roman Catholic world. Many were actively promoting change in church and state within Britain and Europe, and their arguments shaped the emergence of a 'Catholic Enlightenment' that outlasted the commitment to Jacobitism. The English Catholic Community investigates Catholic education and family life, scholarship, poetry and spirituality. It offers a fresh contribution to debates surrounding the history of the Jacobite movement, the construction of British national identity, and the origins of the Enlightenment. Gabriel Glickman is a lecturer in history at the University of Oxford.

CONTENTS 6 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 8 ABBREVIATIONS 10 INTRODUCTION 12 1. English Catholics and the Glorious Revolution of 1688 30 2. The making of the Catholic gentry in England and in exile 64 3. Conscience, politics and the exiled court: the creation of the Catholic Jacobite manifesto 1689–1718 101 4. Catholic politics in England 1688–1745 132 5. Unity, heresy and disillusionment: Christendom, Rome and the Catholic Jacobites 169 6. The English Catholic clergy and the creation of a Jacobite Church 202 7. The English Catholic reformers and the Jacobite diaspora 232 CONCLUSION 263 APPENDICES 270 I. English Catholics and their families in residence at the court of St Germain c. 1694–1701 270 II. Commissions to English Catholics given out by the exiled court, 1689–1693 272 III. Vicars Apostolic in England 1685–1750 273 IV. Genealogical tables: the Howards of Norfolk and the Carylls of West Harting 274 BIBLIOGRAPHY 276 INDEX 302