The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People, Dolphin Edition, Volume I: To 1877

Developed to meet the demand for a low-cost, high-quality history book, this text is an economically priced version of The Enduring Vision, 6/e (©2008). The Dolphin Edition offers readers the complete text while limiting the number of photos, tables, and maps. All volumes feature a paperback, two-color format that appeals to those seeking a comprehensive, trade-sized history text. Like its hardcover counterpart, the Dolphin Edition's engaging narrative balances political, social, and cultural history within a clear, chronological framework. Each chapter features the latest scholarship, with coverage extending to current issues such as foreign policy, terrorism, immigration, and the 2006 presidential elections. Front Cover......Page 1 Title Page......Page 2 Copyright......Page 3 Contents......Page 4 Preface......Page 16 About the Authors......Page 20 Peopling New Worlds......Page 22 CHRONOLOGY 13,000 B.C.–A.D. 1500......Page 24 Archaic Societies......Page 25 Mesoamerica and South America......Page 26 BEYOND AMERICA—GLOBAL INTERACTIONS: The Origins and Spread of Agriculture......Page 29 The Southwest......Page 31 The Eastern Woodlands......Page 33 Nonfarming Societies......Page 35 Kinship and Gender......Page 37 Spiritual and Social Values......Page 38 Conclusion......Page 40 West Africa: Tradition and Change......Page 42 CHRONOLOGY, 1400–1625......Page 44 European Culture and Society......Page 46 Religious Upheavals......Page 49 The Reformation in England, 1533–1625......Page 51 Europe and the Atlantic World, 1400–1600......Page 52 The “New Slavery” and Racism......Page 53 To America and Beyond, 1492–1522......Page 55 Spain’s Conquistadors, 1492–1536......Page 56 TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE: Sugar Production in the Americas......Page 57 The Columbian Exchange......Page 59 Spain’s Northern Frontier......Page 61 France: Colonizing Canada......Page 65 England and the Atlantic World, 1558–1603......Page 66 Failure and Success in Virginia, 1603–1625......Page 68 New England Begins, 1614–1625......Page 70 Conclusion......Page 72 State and Church in Virginia......Page 74 State and Church in Maryland......Page 75 CHRONOLOGY, 1625–1700......Page 76 Death, Gender, and Kinship......Page 77 Tobacco Shapes a Region, 1630–1675......Page 78 Bacon’s Rebellion, 1676......Page 79 From Servitude to Slavery......Page 81 City upon a Hill, 1625–1642......Page 83 New England Ways......Page 84 Towns, Families, and Farm Life......Page 87 Economic and Religious Tensions......Page 89 Expansion and Native Americans......Page 90 Salem Witchcraft, 1691–1693......Page 93 Sugar and Slaves: The West Indies......Page 96 Rice and Slaves: Carolina......Page 97 Precursors: New Netherland and New Sweden......Page 99 English Conquests: New York and New Jersey......Page 101 Quaker Pennsylvania......Page 102 France Claims a Continent......Page 104 New Mexico: The Pueblo Revolt......Page 106 Florida and Texas......Page 107 Conclusion......Page 108 Royal Centralization, 1660–1688......Page 109 CHRONOLOGY, 1660–1750......Page 110 The Glorious Revolution, 1688–1689......Page 111 A Generation of War, 1689–1713......Page 113 Mercantilist Empires in America......Page 114 Population Growth and Diversity......Page 117 Rural White Men and Women......Page 122 Colonial Farmers and the Environment......Page 123 The Urban Paradox......Page 124 Slavery......Page 125 The Rise of Colonial Elites......Page 127 France and the American Heartland......Page 128 Native Americans and British Expansion......Page 130 British Expansion in the South: Georgia......Page 131 Spain’s Borderlands......Page 132 The Return of War, 1739–1748......Page 133 Colonial Politics......Page 135 The Enlightenment......Page 137 The Great Awakening......Page 139 Conclusion......Page 142 A Fragile Peace, 1750–1754......Page 144 CHRONOLOGY, 1750–1776......Page 146 The Seven Years’War in America, 1754–1760......Page 147 The End of French North America, 1760–1763......Page 148 Anglo-American Friction......Page 150 TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE: Public Sanitation in Philadelphia......Page 151 Frontier Tensions......Page 153 The Sugar Act, 1764......Page 154 The Stamp Act Crisis, 1765–1766......Page 156 Ideology, Religion, and Resistance......Page 160 Opposing the Quartering Act, 1766–1767......Page 162 Crisis over the Townshend Duties, 1767–1770......Page 163 Women and Colonial Resistance......Page 165 Customs “Racketeering,” 1767–1770......Page 166 “Wilkes and Liberty,” 1768–1770......Page 167 The Boston Massacre, 1770......Page 168 The Committees of Correspondence, 1772–1773......Page 169 Conflicts in the Backcountry......Page 170 The Tea Act, 1773......Page 172 Toward Independence, 1774–1776......Page 173 The “Intolerable Acts”......Page 174 From Resistance to Rebellion......Page 176 Common Sense......Page 177 Declaring Independence......Page 178 Conclusion......Page 181 Loyalists and Other British Sympathizers......Page 182 CHRONOLOGY, 1776–1788......Page 184 The Opposing Sides......Page 186 Shifting Fortunes in the North, 1776–1778......Page 188 BEYOND AMERICA—GLOBAL INTERACTIONS: The American Revolution as an International War......Page 191 The War in the West, 1776–1782......Page 193 Victory in the South, 1778–1781......Page 194 Peace at Last, 1782–1783......Page 196 Egalitarianism Among White Men......Page 197 White Women in Wartime......Page 199 A Revolution for Black Americans......Page 200 Forging New Governments, 1776–1787......Page 202 From Colonies to States......Page 203 Finance, Trade, and the Economy, 1781–1786......Page 206 The Confederation and the West, 1785–1787......Page 208 Shays’s Rebellion, 1786–1787......Page 212 The Philadelphia Convention, 1787......Page 213 The Struggle over Ratification, 1787–1788......Page 217 Conclusion......Page 219 Implementing Government......Page 221 CHRONOLOGY, 1788–1800......Page 222 The Federal Judiciary and the Bill of Rights......Page 223 Establishing the Nation’s Credit......Page 224 Creating a National Bank......Page 227 Emerging Partisanship......Page 228 The Whiskey Rebellion......Page 229 The United States in a Wider World, 1789–1796......Page 230 Spanish Power in Western North America......Page 231 France and Factional Politics, 1793......Page 232 Diplomacy and War, 1793–1796......Page 234 Ideological Confrontation, 1793–1794......Page 236 The Republican Party, 1794–1796......Page 237 The Election of 1796......Page 238 The French Crisis, 1798–1799......Page 239 The Alien and Sedition Acts, 1798......Page 240 The Election of 1800......Page 242 Producing for Markets......Page 243 White Women in the Republic......Page 245 Land and Culture: Native Americans......Page 248 African-American Struggles......Page 250 Conclusion......Page 253 Jefferson and Jeffersonianism......Page 254 Jefferson’s “Revolution”......Page 255 CHRONOLOGY, 1801–1824......Page 256 Jefferson and the Judiciary......Page 258 The Louisiana Purchase, 1803......Page 259 The Lewis and Clark Expedition......Page 261 Challenges on the Home Front......Page 263 The Suppression of American Trade and Impressment......Page 264 The Embargo Act of 1807......Page 265 James Madison and the Failure of Peaceable Coercion......Page 266 Tecumseh and the Prophet......Page 268 Congress Votes for War......Page 269 The War of 1812......Page 270 The British Offensive......Page 271 The Hartford Convention......Page 273 Madison’s Nationalism and the Era of Good Feelings, 1817–1824......Page 274 John Marshall and the Supreme Court......Page 275 The Missouri Compromise, 1820–1821......Page 277 Foreign Policy Under Monroe......Page 278 The Monroe Doctrine, 1823......Page 279 Conclusion......Page 280 The Sweep West......Page 282 Western Society and Customs......Page 283 The Far West......Page 284 The Removal of the Indians......Page 286 The Agricultural Boom......Page 288 The Growth of the Market Economy......Page 289 Federal Land Policy......Page 290 The Panic of 1819......Page 291 The Transportation Revolution: Steamboats, Canals, and Railroads......Page 292 The Growth of Cities......Page 294 Industrial Beginnings......Page 295 Causes of Industrialization......Page 296 Textile Towns in New England......Page 297 Artisans and Workers in Mid-Atlantic Cities......Page 299 Urban Inequality: The Rich and the Poor......Page 300 Free Blacks in the North......Page 301 The “Middling Classes”......Page 303 The Attack on the Professions......Page 305 The Challenge to Family Authority......Page 306 Wives and Husbands......Page 307 Horizontal Allegiances and the Rise of Voluntary Associations......Page 309 Conclusion......Page 310 The Rise of Democratic Politics, 1824–1832......Page 311 CHRONOLOGY, 1824–1840......Page 312 The Election of 1824......Page 313 The Rise of Andrew Jackson......Page 314 The Election of 1828......Page 315 Jackson in Office......Page 316 Nullification......Page 317 The Bank Veto and the Election of 1832......Page 320 The War on the Bank......Page 321 The Rise of Whig Opposition......Page 323 The Election of 1836......Page 324 The Panic of 1837......Page 325 The Second Party System Matures......Page 326 The Second Great Awakening......Page 327 Eastern Revivals......Page 328 Critics of Revivals: The Unitarians......Page 329 The Rise of Mormonism......Page 330 The Shakers......Page 331 The War on Liquor......Page 332 Public-School Reform......Page 334 Abolition......Page 335 Women’s Rights......Page 338 Penitentiaries and Asylums......Page 340 Utopian Communities......Page 341 Conclusion......Page 343 Agricultural Advancement......Page 344 Technology and Industrial Progress......Page 345 CHRONOLOGY, 1840–1860......Page 346 The Railroad Boom......Page 348 TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE: Guns and Gun Culture......Page 349 Rising Prosperity......Page 352 Dwellings......Page 353 Conveniences and Inconveniences......Page 355 Disease and Health......Page 356 Phrenology......Page 357 Newspapers......Page 358 The Theater......Page 359 Minstrel Shows......Page 360 P. T. Barnum......Page 361 Roots of the American Renaissance......Page 362 Cooper, Emerson, Thoreau, Fuller, and Whitman......Page 363 Hawthorne,Melville, and Poe......Page 366 Literature in the Marketplace......Page 367 American Landscape Painting......Page 368 Conclusion......Page 370 The Lure of Cotton......Page 372 The North and South Diverge......Page 374 CHRONOLOGY, 1830–1860......Page 375 Planters and Plantation Mistresses......Page 378 The Small Slaveholders......Page 380 The Yeomen......Page 381 The People of the Pine Barrens......Page 382 Conflict and Consensus in the White South......Page 383 Conflict over Slavery......Page 384 The Proslavery Argument......Page 385 The Code of Honor and Dueling......Page 386 BEYOND AMERICA—GLOBAL INTERACTIONS: Slavery as a Global Institution......Page 387 The Southern Evangelicals and White Values......Page 389 The Maturing of the Plantation System......Page 390 Work and Discipline of Plantation Slaves......Page 391 The Slave Family......Page 393 The Longevity, Diet, and Health of Slaves......Page 394 Life on the Margin: Free Blacks in the Old South......Page 395 Slave Resistance......Page 397 African-American Religion......Page 399 Black Music and Dance......Page 402 Conclusion......Page 403 Expectations and Realities......Page 404 CHRONOLOGY, 1840–1848......Page 406 The Germans......Page 407 The Irish......Page 408 Anti-Catholicism, Nativism, and Labor Protest......Page 409 Immigrant Politics......Page 410 The West and Beyond......Page 411 The Far West......Page 412 Far Western Trade......Page 413 The American Settlement of Texas to 1835......Page 414 The Texas Revolution, 1836......Page 415 The Overland Trails......Page 416 The Politics of Expansion, 1840–1846......Page 417 The Whig Ascendancy......Page 418 The Election of 1844......Page 419 Manifest Destiny, 1845......Page 420 Polk and Oregon......Page 422 The Origins of the Mexican-American War......Page 423 The Mexican-American War......Page 425 The War’s Effects on Sectional Conflict......Page 428 The Election of 1848......Page 429 The California Gold Rush......Page 431 Conclusion......Page 432 The Compromise of 1850......Page 433 Zachary Taylor at the Helm......Page 434 Henry Clay Proposes a Compromise......Page 435 Assessing the Compromise......Page 437 Enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act......Page 438 Uncle Tom’s Cabin......Page 439 The Collapse of the Second Party System, 1853–1856......Page 441 The Kansas-Nebraska Act......Page 442 The Ebbing of Manifest Destiny......Page 443 The Whigs Disintegrate, 1854–1855......Page 444 The Rise and Fall of the Know-Nothings, 1853–1856......Page 445 The Republican Party and the Crisis in Kansas, 1855–1856......Page 446 The Election of 1856......Page 449 The Crisis of the Union, 1857–1860......Page 450 The Dred Scott Case, 1857......Page 451 The Lecompton Constitution, 1857......Page 452 The Lincoln-Douglas Debates, 1858......Page 453 The Legacy of Harpers Ferry......Page 455 The South Contemplates Secession......Page 456 The Election of 1860......Page 457 The Movement for Secession......Page 459 The Search for Compromise......Page 461 Conclusion......Page 462 Recruitment and Conscription......Page 464 CHRONOLOGY, 1861–1865......Page 466 Financing the War......Page 467 Political Leadership in Wartime......Page 468 In Battle, 1861–1862......Page 470 Armies,Weapons, and Strategies......Page 471 Stalemate in the East......Page 474 The War in the West......Page 475 The Soldiers’War......Page 477 Ironclads and Cruisers: The Naval War......Page 478 The Diplomatic War......Page 479 From Confiscation to Emancipation......Page 480 Black Soldiers in the Union Army......Page 482 Slavery in Wartime......Page 484 The Turning Point of 1863......Page 485 The War’s Economic Impact: The North......Page 488 The War’s Economic Impact: The South......Page 489 Dealing with Dissent......Page 491 The Medical War......Page 492 The War and Women’s Rights......Page 494 The Eastern Theater in 1864......Page 495 The Election of 1864......Page 496 Sherman’s March Through Georgia......Page 497 Toward Appomattox......Page 498 The Impact of the War......Page 499 Conclusion......Page 500 Reconstruction Politics, 1865–1868......Page 502 Lincoln’s Plan......Page 503 CHRONOLOGY, 1865–1877......Page 504 Presidential Reconstruction Under Johnson......Page 505 Congress Versus Johnson......Page 506 The Fourteenth Amendment, 1866......Page 507 Congressional Reconstruction, 1866–1867......Page 508 The Impeachment Crisis, 1867–1868......Page 509 The Fifteenth Amendment and the Question of Woman Suffrage, 1869–1870......Page 511 Reconstruction Governments......Page 513 A New Electorate......Page 514 Republican Rule......Page 516 Counterattacks......Page 517 Confronting Freedom......Page 518 African-American Institutions......Page 519 Land, Labor, and Sharecropping......Page 521 Toward a Crop-Lien Economy......Page 523 Grantism......Page 524 The Liberals’ Revolt......Page 525 The Panic of 1873......Page 526 TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE: The Sewing Machine......Page 527 Republicans in Retreat......Page 530 “Redeeming” the South......Page 531 The Election of 1876......Page 533 Conclusion......Page 535 Credits......Page 537 Index......Page 539