The electrochemistry of immobilized particles and droplets with 15 tables

Immobilizing particles or droplets on electrodes is a novel and most powerful technique for studying the electrochemical reactions of three-phase systems. It gives access to a wealth of information, ranging from quantitative and phase analysis to thermodynamic and kinetic data of electrode processes. Three-phase electrodes with immobilized droplets provide information on the electrochemistry of redox liquids and of compounds dissolved in inert organic liquids. Such measurements allow the determination of the Gibbs energies of the transfer of cations and anions between immiscible solvents, and thus make it possible to assess the hydrophobicity of ions – a property that is of great importance for pharmaceutical applications, biological studies, and for many fields of chemistry. The monograph gives, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of the results published in more than 300 papers over the last 15 years. The experiments are explained in detail, applications from many different fields are presented, and the theoretical basis of the systems is outlined. This book gives a detailed account of the electrochemical techniques for studying the electrochemistry of particulate materials when they are immobilized on an electrode surface. In addition, it is shown that the electrochemistry of immobilized droplets of solutions and liquids that are immiscible with the electrolyte solution can be accessed in a similar manner. Such measurements provide information on the electrochemistry of compounds, especially organics, that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic liquids. Additionally, these measurements allow the determination of the Gibbs energies of the transfer of cations and anions, and thus allow one to assess the hydrobicity of ions, which is of great importance for pharmaceutical applications, biological studies and for many fields of chemistry. This book gives for the first time a comprehensive overview of the electrochemistry of particles and droplets immobilized on electrodes as developed over the last twelve years. TOC:Earlier Developed Techniques.- Electrodes with Immobilized Particles and Droplets - Three-Phase Electrodes.- The Experiment.- Hyphenated Techniques.- Immobilized Particles.- Immobilized Droplets "The monograph gives, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of the results published in more than 300 papers over the last 15 years. The experiments are explained in detail, applications from many different fields are presented, and the theoretical basis of the systems is outlined."--Résumé de l'éditeur Earlier Developed Techniques....Pages 1-9 Electrodes with Immobilized Particles and Droplets — Three-Phase Electrodes....Pages 11-18 The Experiment....Pages 19-30 Hyphenated Techniques....Pages 31-74 Immobilized Particles....Pages 75-181 Immobilized Droplets....Pages 183-253 Bibliography....Pages 255-284 "The monograph gives, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of the results published in more than 300 papers over the last 15 years. The experiments are explained in detail, applications from many different fields are presented, and the theoretical basis of the systems is outlined."--Jacket The first electrochemical experiments were performed with solid materials, esp. metals.