The Early Islamic Conquests (Princeton Studies on the Near East)

In this contribution to the ongoing debate on the nature and causes of the Islamic conquests in Syria and Iraq during the sixth and seventh centuries, Fred Donner argues for a necessary distinction between the causes of the conquests, the causes of their success, and the causes of the subsequent Arab migrations to the Fertile Crescent.Originally published in 1982.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905. Front Cover......Page 1 Title Page......Page 4 Copyright......Page 5 Dedication......Page 6 CONTENTS......Page 8 PREFACE......Page 10 NOTE ON TRANSLITERATIONS......Page 14 ABBREVIATIONS......Page 16 LIST OF MAPS......Page 20 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE......Page 21 INTRODUCTION......Page 24 1 . ARABIA VARIATA......Page 32 2. A TRIBAL SOCIETY......Page 41 3. POLITICAL LIFE IN NORTHERN AND CENTRAL ARABIA......Page 49 4. TRIBE AND STATE IN ARABIA: FIRST ESSAY......Page 58 1 . MUHAMMAD AND THE ISLAMIC STATE......Page 72 2. MUHAMMAD'S TEACHINGS......Page 76 3. MUHAMMAD'S CONSOLIDATION......Page 83 4. THE NEW RULING ELITE......Page 96 5. ABU BAKR AND THE RIDDA WARS......Page 103 1 . THE LAND BETWEEN TWO SEAS......Page 112 2. THE MUSLIMS' ASPIRATIONS IN SYRIA......Page 117 3. EARLY CONTACTS WITH SYRIA ANDTHE NORTHERN HIJAZ......Page 122 4. THE COURSE OF CONQUEST IN SYRIA......Page 132 5. PHASE I: THE INVASION OF SYRIA......Page 133 6. KHALID B. AL-WALID'S MARCH TO SYRIA AND THE CHRONOLOGY OFTHE EARLY CAMPAIGNS......Page 140 7. PHASE II: THE DEFEAT OF THE BYZANTINES......Page 149 8. PHASE III: THE OCCUPATION OF SYRIA......Page 169 1 . LOWLANDS......Page 178 2. ARAB AND NON-ARAB IN IRAQ......Page 188 3. THE COURSE OF THE CONQUEST IN IRAQ......Page 194 4. PHASE I: KHALID B. AL-WALID'S CAMPAIGN......Page 197 5. PHASE II: FIRST OFFENSIVES IN CENTRAL IRAQ......Page 211 6. TRANSITIONAL PHASE: REINFORCEMENTS AND RAIDS IN CENTRAL IRAQ......Page 216 7. PHASE III: THE CONQUEST AND OCCUPATION OF CENTRAL IRAQ......Page 223 8. THE CONQUEST OF SOUTHERN IRAQ......Page 233 9. CONCLUSIONS......Page 238 1. THE STRUCTURE OF THE ARMIES OF CONQUEST......Page 242 2. FIRST SETTLEMENTS IN IRAQ......Page 247 3. MIGRATIONS TO IRAQ UP TO THE FIRST CIVIL WAR......Page 252 4. EARLY ADMINISTRATION IN IRAQ......Page 258 5. SETTLEMENT IN IRAQ......Page 260 6. MIGRATION AND SETTLEMENT IN SYRIA......Page 266 1. TRIBE AND STATE IN ARABIA: SECOND ESSAY......Page 272 2. THE CAUSES OF THE ISLAMIC CONQUEST......Page 288 EPILOGUE......Page 294 INTRODUCTION......Page 300 CHAPTER I......Page 301 CHAPTER II......Page 314 CHAPTER III......Page 322 CHAPTER IV......Page 344 CHAPTER V......Page 364 CHAPTER VI......Page 370 EPILOGUE......Page 374 APPENDICES......Page 376 TRADITIONAL SOURCES (ARABIC)......Page 460 STUDIES......Page 463 INDEX OF TRADITIONISTS MENTIONED IN NOTES AND APPENDICES......Page 480 GENERAL INDEX......Page 490 ISBN 0-691-05327-8......Page 512 By Fred Mcgraw Donner. Includes Bibliographical References (p. [439]-457) And Indexes.