The Early and Late Roman Rural Cemetery at Nemesbőd (Vas County, Hungary) (Archaeopress Roman Archaeology)

The Roman Cemetery at Nemesbőd belonged to a settlement or a villa which was located on the territory of the Roman colony of Savaria (present day Szombathey, Hungary) in Pannonia. The book deals with thirty-seven graves, which consisted of mainly cremation but also of some inhumation burials. Detailed analysis of grave goods (bronze vessels, pottery, glass, personal accessories, lamps etc.) provides a study of burial customs and their evolution. In addition, specialist reports on human remains and animal bone as well as on epigraphic material are presented. Table of Contents Introduction : The Szombathely – Vát project and the excavation of the Roman cemetery at Nemesbőd (Gábor Ilon) Studies on the cemeteries of Savaria and its ‘territorium’ (Endre Norbert Fülöp, András Radics) The site within the landscape (András Radics) The finds (András Márton, Endre Norbert Fülöp and András Radics) – Pottery, Glass vessels, Bronze vessel, Oil lamps (lucernae), Clothing accessories, Jewellery, Writing implements, Iron knives, The box, Coins, Carved bone objects, Nails, hooks, Indeterminable bronze and iron objects The dating of the graves and related features (András Márton and Endre Norbert Fülöp) Cemetery structure (András Márton and Endre Norbert Fülöp) Burial customs (András Márton, Endre Norbert Fülöp and András Radics) - Terminology of cremation burials, Primary cremations, Secondary cremations, Terminology of inhumations, Defining the rituals of the excavated graves, Primary cremations, Secondary cremations, Inhumations, Features not identifiable as burials, Grave types, Cremation and the handling of cremated remains, Position of the corpse in the inhumations, The fill of the graves, Position of grave goods, Rites conducted on the grave goods, Custom of grave furnishing, Summary Catalogue of graves, enclosure ditches and their finds (András Márton, Endre Norbert Fülöp and András Radics) Interpretation of the graffiti (Andrea Barta) Roman graves at the Szombathely – Vát sector of Main Road 86: results of the anthropological analysis (Gábor Tóth) - Materials and methods, Nemesbőd – Irtás-dűlő, Nemesbőd – Általúton kívül-dűlő, Vép – Surányi-patak nyugati oldala Analysis of the archaeozoological material from the three sites at the Szombathely – Vát sector of Main Road 86 (Éva Ágnes Nyerges) - Description of the animal bone material, Assessment of the roman period animal bone material Summary (Gábor Ilon, András Márton) Résumé (Gábor Ilon and András Márton) Roman Cemetery at Nemesbőd belonged to a settlement or a villa which was located on the territory of the Roman colony of Savaria (present day Szombathey, Hungary) in Pannonia. The book deals with thirty-seven graves, which consisted of mainly cremation but also of some inhumation burials. Detailed analysis of grave goods (bronze vessels, pottery, glass, personal accessories, lamps etc) provides a study of burial customs and their evolution. In addition, specialist reports on human remains and animal bone as well as on epigraphic material are presented. Cover 1 Title Page 3 Copyright Page 4 Contents 5 List of illustrations 7 Authors of the volume 9 Introduction 11 The Szombathely – Vát project and the excavation of the Roman cemetery at Nemesbőd 11 Acknowledgements 13 Studies on the cemeteries of Savaria and its ‘territorium’ 15 András Radics 17 The site within the landscape 17 András Márton, Endre Norbert Fülöp and András Radics 18 Pottery 18 Glass vessels 25 Bronze vessel 26 Oil lamps (lucernae) 26 Clothing accessories 27 Jewellery 28 Writing implements 28 Coins 29 Iron knives 29 The box 29 Carved bone objects 30 Indeterminable bronze and iron objects 30 Nails, hooks 30 The finds 18 András Márton and Endre Norbert Fülöp 31 The dating of the graves and related features 31 András Márton and Endre Norbert Fülöp 34 Cemetery structure 34 András Márton, Endre Norbert Fülöp and András Radics 36 Terminology of cremation burials 36 Primary cremations 38 Defining the rituals of the excavated graves 39 Primary cremations 39 Secondary cremations 39 Terminology of inhumations 39 Secondary cremations 40 Cremation and the handling of cremated remains 41 Features not identifiable as burials 41 Grave types 41 Inhumations 41 Position of the corpse in the inhumations 43 The fill of the graves 43 Custom of grave furnishing 44 Position of grave goods 44 Rites conducted on the grave goods 44 Summary 51 Burial customs 36 András Márton, Endre Norbert Fülöp and András Radics 53 Catalogue of graves, enclosure ditches and their finds 53 Andrea Barta 81 Interpretation of the graffiti 81 Gábor Tóth 83 Introduction 83 Materials and methods 83 Nemesbőd – Irtás-dűlő 84 Nemesbőd – Általúton kívül-dűlő 84 Summary 87 Vép – Surányi-patak nyugati oldala 87 Roman graves at the Szombathely – Vát section of Main Road 86: results of the anthropological analysis 83 Analysis of the archaeozoological material from the three sites at the Szombathely – Vát section of Main Road 86 89 Éva Ágnes Nyerges 89 Description of the animal bone material 89 Assessment of the roman period animal bone material 91 Gábor Ilon, András Márton 92 Summary 92 Gábor Ilon, András Márton 94 Résumé 94 Bibliography 97 Illustration credits and contributors 106 Figures 107 Savaria,Szombathey,Roman,cemetery,Nemesbőd Presents finds from thirty-seven graves at the Roman Cemetery at Nemesbod (Hungary), which consisted of mainly cremation but also of some inhumation burials. Detailed analysis of grave goods (bronze vessels, pottery, glass, personal accessories, lamps etc.) provides a study of burial customs and their evolution.