The Dynamics of Heat: A Unified Approach to Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer (Graduate Texts in Physics)

Based on courses for students of science, engineering, and systems science at the Zurich University of Applied Sciences at Winterthur, this text approaches the fundamentals of thermodynamics from the point of view of continuum physics. By describing physical processes in terms of the flow and balance of physical quantities, the author achieves a unified approach to hydraulics, electricity, mechanics and thermodynamics. In this way, it becomes clear that entropy is the fundamental property that is transported in thermal processes (i.e., heat), and that temperature is the corresponding potential. The resulting theory of the creation, flow, and balance of entropy provides the foundation of a dynamical theory of heat. This extensively revised and updated second edition includes new material on dynamical chemical processes, thermoelectricity, and explicit dynamical modeling of thermal and chemical processes. To make the book more useful for courses on thermodynamics and physical chemistry at different levels, coverage of topics is divided into introductory and more advanced and formal treatments. Previous knowledge of thermodynamics is not required, but the reader should be familiar with basic electricity, mechanics, and chemistry and should have some knowledge of elementary calculus. The special feature of the first edition – the integration of thermodynamics, heat transfer, and chemical processes – has been maintained and strengthened. **Key Features:** * Presents a unified approach to thermodynamics and heat transport in fundamental physical and chemical processes * First revised edition of a successful text/reference in fourteen years * More than 25 percent new material * Provides worked examples, questions, and problem sets for use as a teaching text or for self testing * Includes many system dynamics models of laboratory experiments Based on courses for students of science, engineering, and systems science at the Zurich University of Applied Sciences at Winterthur, this text approaches the fundamentals of thermodynamics from the point of view of continuum physics. By describing physical processes in terms of the flow and balance of physical quantities, the author achieves a unified approach to hydraulics, electricity, mechanics and thermodynamics. In this way, it becomes clear that entropy is the fundamental property that is transported in thermal processes (i.e., heat), and that temperature is the corresponding potential. The resulting theory of the creation, flow, and balance of entropy provides the foundation of a dynamical theory of heat. This extensively revised and updated second edition includes new material on dynamical chemical processes, thermoelectricity, and explicit dynamical modeling of thermal and chemical processes. To make the book more useful for courses on thermodynamics and physical chemistry at different levels, coverage of topics is divided into introductory and more advanced and formal treatments. Previous knowledge of thermodynamics is not required, but the reader should be familiar with basic electricity, mechanics, and chemistry and should have some knowledge of elementary calculus. The special feature of the first edition -- the integration of thermodynamics, heat transfer, and chemical processes -- has been maintained and strengthened. Key Features: · First revised edition of a successful text/reference in fourteen years · More than 25 percent new material · Provides a unified approach to thermodynamics and heat transport in fundamental physical and chemical processes · Includes worked examples, questions, and problem sets for use as a teaching text or to test the reader's understanding · Includes many system dynamics models of laboratory experiments Front Matter....Pages i-xiii Introduction From Metaphors to Models of Heat....Pages 1-14 Front Matter....Pages 15-15 Storage and Flow of Fluids and Electricity....Pages 17-50 Energy in Physical Processes....Pages 51-72 Transport and Balance of Momentum....Pages 73-96 Front Matter....Pages 97-97 Storage, Flow, and Production of Heat....Pages 99-188 The Response of Simple Materials to Heat....Pages 189-248 Transformation and Transport of Substances....Pages 249-330 The Transport of Heat....Pages 331-380 Flow Systems and Convective Transports....Pages 381-426 Minimization of Entropy Production....Pages 427-454 Front Matter....Pages 455-455 Thermodynamics of Spatially Uniform Systems....Pages 457-474 Thermodynamics of Continuous Systems....Pages 475-508 Thermodynamics and Radiative Transfer....Pages 509-532 Front Matter....Pages 533-533 Conduction and Coupled Transports....Pages 535-566 Convective Heat Transfer....Pages 567-602 Phase Change, Mixtures, and Engines....Pages 603-650 Solar Radiation....Pages 651-678 Back Matter....Pages 679-734 Based on a course given to beginning physics, chemistry, and engineering students at the Winterthur Polytechnic Institute, this text approaches the fundamentals of thermodynamics from the view of continuum mechanics. By describing physical processes in terms of the flow and balance of physical quantities, this provides a unified approach to hydraulics, electricity, mechanics and thermodynamics. In this way it becomes clear that the entropy is the fundamental property that is transported in thermal process (what in lay terms would be called "heat"), and that the temperature is the corresponding potential. The resulting theory of the creation, flow, and balance of entropy provides the foundation of a dynamical theory of heat. Previous knowledge of thermodynamics is not required, but the reader should be familiar with basic electricity, mechanics, and chemistry and should have some knowledge of elementary calculus. Extensively revised and updated, this volume includes new material on dynamical chemical processes, thermoelectricity, and explicit dynamical modeling of thermal and chemical processes. Suitable for various courses, the text is divided into introductory and more advanced and formal treatments.